从Using SFINAE to check for global operator<<? 中收集信息 和模板, decltype 和 non-classtypes,我得到以下代码:
基本上,我将两个问题的代码结合起来,print
如果有ostream
声明就调用函数,否则就调用to_string
方法。
取自问题 1
namespace has_insertion_operator_impl {
typedef char no;
typedef char yes[2];
struct any_t {
template<typename T> any_t( T const& );
};
no operator<<( std::ostream const&, any_t const& );
yes& test( std::ostream& );
no test( no );
template<typename T>
struct has_insertion_operator {
static std::ostream &s;
static T const &t;
static bool const value = sizeof( test(s << t) ) == sizeof( yes );
};
}
template<typename T>
struct has_insertion_operator :
has_insertion_operator_impl::has_insertion_operator<T> {
};
取自问题 2
template <typename T>
typename std::enable_if<has_insertion_operator<T>::value, T>::type
print(T obj) {
std::cout << "from print()" << std::endl;
}
template <typename T>
typename std::enable_if<!has_insertion_operator<T>::value, T>::type
print(T obj) {
std::cout << obj.to_string() << std::endl;
}
然后我的课是这样的:
struct Foo
{
public:
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream & os, Foo const& foo);
};
struct Bar
{
public:
std::string to_string() const
{
return "from to_string()";
}
};
并测试输出:
int main()
{
print<Foo>(Foo());
print<Bar>(Bar());
//print<Bar>(Foo()); doesn't compile
//print<Foo>(Bar()); doesn't compile
print(Foo());
print(Bar());
print(42);
print('a');
//print(std::string("Hi")); seg-fault
//print("Hey");
//print({1, 2, 3}); doesn't compile
return 0;
}
print(std::string("Hi"));
线路段故障。谁能告诉我为什么?