我最近写了一段相当简单的代码,试图用 C 语言实现一个带有插入、搜索、删除和显示操作的二叉搜索树。不幸的是,代码似乎不起作用。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct TreeNode {
int data;
struct TreeNode *leftChildNode;
struct TreeNode *rightChildNode;
};
typedef struct TreeNode node;
node *rootNode = NULL;
void insertNode(int i, node *n) {
if(n == NULL) {
n = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
n->leftChildNode = NULL;
n->rightChildNode = NULL;
n->data = i;
}
else
if(n->data == i)
printf("\nThis value already exists in the tree!");
else
if(i > n->data)
insertNode(i, n->rightChildNode);
else
insertNode(i, n->leftChildNode);
}
void searchNode(int i, node *n) {
if(n == NULL)
printf("\nValue does not exist in tree!");
else
if(n->data == i)
printf("\nValue found!");
else
if(i > n->data)
searchNode(i, n->rightChildNode);
else
searchNode(i, n->leftChildNode);
}
void deleteNode(int i, node *n) {
if(n == NULL)
printf("\nValue does not exist in tree!");
else
if(n->data == i) {
if(n->leftChildNode == NULL)
n = n->rightChildNode;
else
if(n->rightChildNode == NULL)
n = n->leftChildNode;
else {
node *temp = n->rightChildNode;
while(temp->leftChildNode != NULL)
temp = temp->leftChildNode;
n = temp;
}
}
else
if(i > n->data)
deleteNode(i, n->rightChildNode);
else
deleteNode(i, n->leftChildNode);
}
void displayPreOrder(node *n) {
if(n != NULL) {
printf("%d ", n->data);
displayPreOrder(n->leftChildNode);
displayPreOrder(n->rightChildNode);
}
}
void displayPostOrder(node *n) {
if(n != NULL) {
displayPostOrder(n->leftChildNode);
displayPostOrder(n->rightChildNode);
printf("%d ", n->data);
}
}
void displayInOrder(node *n) {
if(n != NULL) {
displayInOrder(n->leftChildNode);
printf("%d ", n->data);
displayInOrder(n->rightChildNode);
}
}
int main(void) {
int ch, num, num1;
do {
printf("\nSelect a choice from the menu below.");
printf("\n1. Insert a node.");
printf("\n2. Search for a node.");
printf("\n3. Delete a node.");
printf("\n4. Display the Binary Search Tree.");
printf("\nChoice: ");
scanf("%d", &ch);
switch(ch) {
case 1: printf("\nEnter an element: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
//printf("YESYES");
insertNode(num, rootNode);
break;
case 2: printf("\nEnter the element to be searched for: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
searchNode(num, rootNode);
break;
case 3: printf("\nEnter the element to be deleted: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
deleteNode(num, rootNode);
break;
case 4: printf("\nSelect an order for the elements to be display in.");
printf("\n1. Pre-order.");
printf("\n2. Post-order.");
printf("\n3. In-order.");
printf("\nChoice: ");
scanf("%d", &num1);
switch(num1) {
case 1: printf("\nPre-order Display: ");
displayPreOrder(rootNode);
break;
case 2: printf("\nPost-order Display: ");
displayPostOrder(rootNode);
break;
case 3: printf("\nIn-order Display: ");
displayInOrder(rootNode);
break;
default: exit(0);
}
break;
default: exit(0);
}
//printf("%d", rootNode->data);
printf("\nIf you want to return to the menu, press 1.");
printf("\nChoice: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
} while(num == 1);
return 0;
}
事实上,请注意块 in结束printf("%d", rootNode->data);
之前的注释行。如果我取消注释这一行,编译程序并运行它,程序会引发分段错误。谁能告诉我为什么会发生这个错误以及为什么整个代码没有运行?提前致谢。do-while
main()