当您需要动态（在运行时设置）属性时，使用ICustomTypeDescriptor绝对是一个很好的解决方案。这是我一直用于这种属性网格黑客的通用 ICustomTypeDescriptor 实用程序类，使用起来非常简单：
public sealed class DynamicTypeDescriptor: ICustomTypeDescriptor, INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private Type _type;
private AttributeCollection _attributes;
private TypeConverter _typeConverter;
private Dictionary<Type, object> _editors;
private EventDescriptor _defaultEvent;
private PropertyDescriptor _defaultProperty;
private EventDescriptorCollection _events;
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private DynamicTypeDescriptor()
{
}
public DynamicTypeDescriptor(Type type)
{
if (type == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("type");
_type = type;
_typeConverter = TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(type);
_defaultEvent = TypeDescriptor.GetDefaultEvent(type);
_defaultProperty = TypeDescriptor.GetDefaultProperty(type);
_events = TypeDescriptor.GetEvents(type);
List<PropertyDescriptor> normalProperties = new List<PropertyDescriptor>();
OriginalProperties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(type);
foreach (PropertyDescriptor property in OriginalProperties)
{
if (!property.IsBrowsable)
continue;
normalProperties.Add(property);
}
Properties = new PropertyDescriptorCollection(normalProperties.ToArray());
_attributes = TypeDescriptor.GetAttributes(type);
_editors = new Dictionary<Type, object>();
object editor = TypeDescriptor.GetEditor(type, typeof(UITypeEditor));
if (editor != null)
{
_editors.Add(typeof(UITypeEditor), editor);
}
editor = TypeDescriptor.GetEditor(type, typeof(ComponentEditor));
if (editor != null)
{
_editors.Add(typeof(ComponentEditor), editor);
}
editor = TypeDescriptor.GetEditor(type, typeof(InstanceCreationEditor));
if (editor != null)
{
_editors.Add(typeof(InstanceCreationEditor), editor);
}
}
public T GetPropertyValue<T>(string name, T defaultValue)
{
if (name == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("name");
foreach (PropertyDescriptor pd in Properties)
{
if (pd.Name == name)
{
try
{
return (T)Convert.ChangeType(pd.GetValue(Component), typeof(T));
}
catch
{
return defaultValue;
}
}
}
return defaultValue;
}
public void SetPropertyValue(string name, object value)
{
if (name == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("name");
foreach (PropertyDescriptor pd in Properties)
{
if (pd.Name == name)
{
pd.SetValue(Component, value);
break;
}
}
}
internal void OnValueChanged(PropertyDescriptor prop)
{
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null)
{
handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(prop.Name));
}
}
internal static T GetAttribute<T>(AttributeCollection attributes) where T : Attribute
{
if (attributes == null)
return null;
foreach (Attribute att in attributes)
{
if (typeof(T).IsAssignableFrom(att.GetType()))
return (T)att;
}
return null;
}
public sealed class DynamicProperty: PropertyDescriptor, INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private readonly Type _type;
private readonly bool _hasDefaultValue;
private readonly object _defaultValue;
private readonly PropertyDescriptor _existing;
private readonly DynamicTypeDescriptor _descriptor;
private Dictionary<Type, object> _editors;
private bool? _readOnly;
private bool? _browsable;
private string _displayName;
private string _description;
private string _category;
private List<Attribute> _attributes = new List<Attribute>();
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
internal DynamicProperty(DynamicTypeDescriptor descriptor, Type type, object value, string name, Attribute[] attrs)
: base(name, attrs)
{
_descriptor = descriptor;
_type = type;
Value = value;
DefaultValueAttribute def = DynamicTypeDescriptor.GetAttribute<DefaultValueAttribute>(Attributes);
if (def == null)
{
_hasDefaultValue = false;
}
else
{
_hasDefaultValue = true;
_defaultValue = def.Value;
}
if (attrs != null)
{
foreach (Attribute att in attrs)
{
_attributes.Add(att);
}
}
}
internal static Attribute[] GetAttributes(PropertyDescriptor existing)
{
List<Attribute> atts = new List<Attribute>();
foreach (Attribute a in existing.Attributes)
{
atts.Add(a);
}
return atts.ToArray();
}
internal DynamicProperty(DynamicTypeDescriptor descriptor, PropertyDescriptor existing, object component)
: this(descriptor, existing.PropertyType, existing.GetValue(component), existing.Name, GetAttributes(existing))
{
_existing = existing;
}
public void RemoveAttributesOfType<T>() where T : Attribute
{
List<Attribute> remove = new List<Attribute>();
foreach (Attribute att in _attributes)
{
if (typeof(T).IsAssignableFrom(att.GetType()))
{
remove.Add(att);
}
}
foreach (Attribute att in remove)
{
_attributes.Remove(att);
}
}
public IList<Attribute> AttributesList
{
get
{
return _attributes;
}
}
public override AttributeCollection Attributes
{
get
{
return new AttributeCollection(_attributes.ToArray());
}
}
public object Value { get; set; }
public override bool CanResetValue(object component)
{
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.CanResetValue(component);
return _hasDefaultValue;
}
public override Type ComponentType
{
get
{
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.ComponentType;
return typeof(object);
}
}
public override object GetValue(object component)
{
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.GetValue(component);
return Value;
}
public override string Category
{
get
{
if (_category != null)
return _category;
return base.Category;
}
}
public void SetCategory(string category)
{
_category = category;
}
public override string Description
{
get
{
if (_description != null)
return _description;
return base.Description;
}
}
public void SetDescription(string description)
{
_description = description;
}
public override string DisplayName
{
get
{
if (_displayName != null)
return _displayName;
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.DisplayName;
return base.DisplayName;
}
}
public void SetDisplayName(string displayName)
{
_displayName = displayName;
}
public override bool IsBrowsable
{
get
{
if (_browsable.HasValue)
return _browsable.Value;
return base.IsBrowsable;
}
}
public void SetBrowsable(bool browsable)
{
_browsable = browsable;
}
public override bool IsReadOnly
{
get
{
if (_readOnly.HasValue)
return _readOnly.Value;
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.IsReadOnly;
ReadOnlyAttribute att = DynamicTypeDescriptor.GetAttribute<ReadOnlyAttribute>(Attributes);
if (att == null)
return false;
return att.IsReadOnly;
}
}
public void SetIsReadOnly(bool readOnly)
{
_readOnly = readOnly;
}
public override Type PropertyType
{
get
{
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.PropertyType;
return _type;
}
}
public override void ResetValue(object component)
{
if (_existing != null)
{
_existing.ResetValue(component);
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null)
{
handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(Name));
}
_descriptor.OnValueChanged(this);
return;
}
if (CanResetValue(component))
{
Value = _defaultValue;
_descriptor.OnValueChanged(this);
}
}
public override void SetValue(object component, object value)
{
if (_existing != null)
{
_existing.SetValue(component, value);
PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null)
{
handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(Name));
}
_descriptor.OnValueChanged(this);
return;
}
Value = value;
_descriptor.OnValueChanged(this);
}
public override bool ShouldSerializeValue(object component)
{
if (_existing != null)
return _existing.ShouldSerializeValue(component);
return false;
}
public override object GetEditor(Type editorBaseType)
{
if (editorBaseType == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("editorBaseType");
if (_editors != null)
{
object type;
if ((_editors.TryGetValue(editorBaseType, out type)) && (type != null))
return type;
}
return base.GetEditor(editorBaseType);
}
public void SetEditor(Type editorBaseType, object obj)
{
if (editorBaseType == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("editorBaseType");
if (_editors == null)
{
if (obj == null)
return;
_editors = new Dictionary<Type, object>();
}
if (obj == null)
{
_editors.Remove(editorBaseType);
}
else
{
_editors[editorBaseType] = obj;
}
}
}
public PropertyDescriptor AddProperty(Type type, string name, object value, string displayName, string description, string category, bool hasDefaultValue, object defaultValue, bool readOnly)
{
return AddProperty(type, name, value, displayName, description, category, hasDefaultValue, defaultValue, readOnly, null);
}
public PropertyDescriptor AddProperty(
Type type,
string name,
object value,
string displayName,
string description,
string category,
bool hasDefaultValue,
object defaultValue,
bool readOnly,
Type uiTypeEditor)
{
if (type == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("type");
if (name == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("name");
List<Attribute> atts = new List<Attribute>();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(displayName))
{
atts.Add(new DisplayNameAttribute(displayName));
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(description))
{
atts.Add(new DescriptionAttribute(description));
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(category))
{
atts.Add(new CategoryAttribute(category));
}
if (hasDefaultValue)
{
atts.Add(new DefaultValueAttribute(defaultValue));
}
if (uiTypeEditor != null)
{
atts.Add(new EditorAttribute(uiTypeEditor, typeof(UITypeEditor)));
}
if (readOnly)
{
atts.Add(new ReadOnlyAttribute(true));
}
DynamicProperty property = new DynamicProperty(this, type, value, name, atts.ToArray());
AddProperty(property);
return property;
}
public void RemoveProperty(string name)
{
if (name == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("name");
List<PropertyDescriptor> remove = new List<PropertyDescriptor>();
foreach (PropertyDescriptor pd in Properties)
{
if (pd.Name == name)
{
remove.Add(pd);
}
}
foreach (PropertyDescriptor pd in remove)
{
Properties.Remove(pd);
}
}
public void AddProperty(PropertyDescriptor property)
{
if (property == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("property");
Properties.Add(property);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return base.ToString() + " (" + Component + ")";
}
public PropertyDescriptorCollection OriginalProperties { get; private set; }
public PropertyDescriptorCollection Properties { get; private set; }
public DynamicTypeDescriptor FromComponent(object component)
{
if (component == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("component");
if (!_type.IsAssignableFrom(component.GetType()))
throw new ArgumentException(null, "component");
DynamicTypeDescriptor desc = new DynamicTypeDescriptor();
desc._type = _type;
desc.Component = component;
// shallow copy on purpose
desc._typeConverter = _typeConverter;
desc._editors = _editors;
desc._defaultEvent = _defaultEvent;
desc._defaultProperty = _defaultProperty;
desc._attributes = _attributes;
desc._events = _events;
desc.OriginalProperties = OriginalProperties;
// track values
List<PropertyDescriptor> properties = new List<PropertyDescriptor>();
foreach (PropertyDescriptor pd in Properties)
{
DynamicProperty ap = new DynamicProperty(desc, pd, component);
properties.Add(ap);
}
desc.Properties = new PropertyDescriptorCollection(properties.ToArray());
return desc;
}
public object Component { get; private set; }
public string ClassName { get; set; }
public string ComponentName { get; set; }
AttributeCollection ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetAttributes()
{
return _attributes;
}
string ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetClassName()
{
if (ClassName != null)
return ClassName;
if (Component != null)
return Component.GetType().Name;
if (_type != null)
return _type.Name;
return null;
}
string ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetComponentName()
{
if (ComponentName != null)
return ComponentName;
return Component != null ? Component.ToString() : null;
}
TypeConverter ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetConverter()
{
return _typeConverter;
}
EventDescriptor ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetDefaultEvent()
{
return _defaultEvent;
}
PropertyDescriptor ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetDefaultProperty()
{
return _defaultProperty;
}
object ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetEditor(Type editorBaseType)
{
object editor;
if (_editors.TryGetValue(editorBaseType, out editor))
return editor;
return null;
}
EventDescriptorCollection ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetEvents(Attribute[] attributes)
{
return _events;
}
EventDescriptorCollection ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetEvents()
{
return _events;
}
PropertyDescriptorCollection ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetProperties(Attribute[] attributes)
{
return Properties;
}
PropertyDescriptorCollection ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetProperties()
{
return Properties;
}
object ICustomTypeDescriptor.GetPropertyOwner(PropertyDescriptor pd)
{
return Component;
}
}