我正在使用 Apache 的 POI 来使用 Java 操作 Excel (.xls) 文件。
我正在尝试创建一个新单元格，其内容是公式的结果，就好像用户复制/粘贴了公式一样（我称之为“相对”方式，与“绝对”相反）。
为了让自己更清楚，这里是一个简单的例子：
如果我将公式复制到excel下的A4单元格中，它变成"=A2+B2"：excel正在动态调整公式的内容。
不幸的是，我无法以编程方式获得相同的结果。我找到的唯一解决方案是将公式标记化并自己做脏活，但我真的怀疑应该这样做。我无法在指南或 API 中找到我要查找的内容。
有没有更简单的方法来解决这个问题？如果是这样，你能指出我正确的方向吗？
此致，
尼尔斯
在我的意义上，user2622016是对的，除了他的解决方案只管理单元格引用，而不是区域引用（例如，它不起作用=SUM(A1:B8)）。
这是我解决这个问题的方法：
private void copyFormula(Sheet sheet, Cell org, Cell dest) {
if (org == null || dest == null || sheet == null
|| org.getCellType() != Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA)
return;
if (org.isPartOfArrayFormulaGroup())
return;
String formula = org.getCellFormula();
int shiftRows = dest.getRowIndex() - org.getRowIndex();
int shiftCols = dest.getColumnIndex() - org.getColumnIndex();
XSSFEvaluationWorkbook workbookWrapper =
XSSFEvaluationWorkbook.create((XSSFWorkbook) sheet.getWorkbook());
Ptg[] ptgs = FormulaParser.parse(formula, workbookWrapper, FormulaType.CELL
, sheet.getWorkbook().getSheetIndex(sheet));
for (Ptg ptg : ptgs) {
if (ptg instanceof RefPtgBase) // base class for cell references
{
RefPtgBase ref = (RefPtgBase) ptg;
if (ref.isColRelative())
ref.setColumn(ref.getColumn() + shiftCols);
if (ref.isRowRelative())
ref.setRow(ref.getRow() + shiftRows);
} else if (ptg instanceof AreaPtg) // base class for range references
{
AreaPtg ref = (AreaPtg) ptg;
if (ref.isFirstColRelative())
ref.setFirstColumn(ref.getFirstColumn() + shiftCols);
if (ref.isLastColRelative())
ref.setLastColumn(ref.getLastColumn() + shiftCols);
if (ref.isFirstRowRelative())
ref.setFirstRow(ref.getFirstRow() + shiftRows);
if (ref.isLastRowRelative())
ref.setLastRow(ref.getLastRow() + shiftRows);
}
}
formula = FormulaRenderer.toFormulaString(workbookWrapper, ptgs);
dest.setCellFormula(formula);
}
我仍然不知道我是否对所有单元格公式都正确，但它对我有用，快速且可靠。
I too think that there isn't an easy way to do this.
Even the HSSF and XSSD examples on the POI site e.g. TimesheetDemo do the formula construction manually. e.g. around line 110
String ref = (char)('A' + j) + "3:" + (char)('A' + j) + "12";
cell.setCellFormula("SUM(" + ref + ")");
我查看了 FormulaEvaluator类，发现一些 POI 内部类可以为我们完成工作。
FormulaParser，将字符串解析为“解析事物”数组：
String formula = cell.getCellFormula();
XSSFEvaluationWorkbook workbookWrapper =
XSSFEvaluationWorkbook.create((XSSFWorkbook) workbook);
/* parse formula */
Ptg[] ptgs = FormulaParser.parse(formula, workbookWrapper,
FormulaType.CELL, 0 /*sheet index*/ );
ptgs 现在是我们的逆波兰符号公式。现在遍历所有元素并根据需要一一修改引用：
/* re-calculate cell references */
for( Ptg ptg : ptgs )
if( ptg instanceof RefPtgBase ) //base class for cell reference "things"
{
RefPtgBase ref = (RefPtgBase)ptg;
if( ref.isColRelative() )
ref.setColumn( ref.getColumn() + 0 );
if( ref.isRowRelative() )
ref.setRow( ref.getRow() + 1 );
}
你已经准备好将“解析事物”渲染回字符串：
formula = FormulaRenderer.toFormulaString(workbookWrapper, ptgs);
cell.setCellFormula( formula );
Another way to copy formula relatively, tested with poi 3.12
public static void copyCellFormula(Workbook workbook, int sheetIndex, int rowIndex, int sourceColumnIndex, int destinationColumnIndex){
XSSFEvaluationWorkbook formulaParsingWorkbook = XSSFEvaluationWorkbook.create((XSSFWorkbook) workbook);
SharedFormula sharedFormula = new SharedFormula(SpreadsheetVersion.EXCEL2007);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetIndex);
Row lookupRow = sheet.getRow(rowIndex);
Cell sourceCell = lookupRow.getCell(sourceColumnIndex);
Ptg[] sharedFormulaPtg = FormulaParser.parse(sourceCell.getCellFormula(), formulaParsingWorkbook, FormulaType.CELL, sheetIndex);
Ptg[] convertedFormulaPtg = sharedFormula.convertSharedFormulas(sharedFormulaPtg, 0, 1);
Cell destinationCell = lookupRow.createCell(destinationColumnIndex);
destinationCell.setCellFormula(FormulaRenderer.toFormulaString(formulaParsingWorkbook, convertedFormulaPtg));
}
Update shared formula as needed:
sharedFormula.convertSharedFormulas(sharedFormulaPtg, rowIndexOffset, columnIndexOffset);
As of poi 3.12, SharedFormula doesn't support cell reference/formula from other sheets (='Sheet1'!A1). Here's an update to SharedFormula:
public class SharedFormula {
private final int _columnWrappingMask;
private final int _rowWrappingMask;
public SharedFormula(SpreadsheetVersion ssVersion) {
this._columnWrappingMask = ssVersion.getLastColumnIndex();
this._rowWrappingMask = ssVersion.getLastRowIndex();
}
public Ptg[] convertSharedFormulas(Ptg[] ptgs, int formulaRow, int formulaColumn) {
Ptg[] newPtgStack = new Ptg[ptgs.length];
RefPtgBase areaNPtg = null;
AreaPtgBase var9 = null;
Object ptg = null;
byte originalOperandClass = 0;
for(int k = 0; k < ptgs.length; ++k) {
ptg = ptgs[k];
originalOperandClass = -1;
if(!((Ptg)ptg).isBaseToken()) {
originalOperandClass = ((Ptg)ptg).getPtgClass();
}
if(ptg instanceof RefPtgBase) {
if(ptg instanceof Ref3DPxg) {
areaNPtg = (Ref3DPxg)ptg;
this.fixupRefRelativeRowAndColumn(areaNPtg, formulaRow, formulaColumn);
ptg = areaNPtg;
}else if(ptg instanceof Ref3DPtg) {
areaNPtg = (Ref3DPtg)ptg;
this.fixupRefRelativeRowAndColumn(areaNPtg, formulaRow, formulaColumn);
ptg = areaNPtg;
}else {
areaNPtg = (RefPtgBase)ptg;
ptg = new RefPtg(this.fixupRelativeRow(formulaRow, areaNPtg.getRow(), areaNPtg.isRowRelative()), this.fixupRelativeColumn(formulaColumn, areaNPtg.getColumn(), areaNPtg.isColRelative()), areaNPtg.isRowRelative(), areaNPtg.isColRelative());
}
((Ptg)ptg).setClass(originalOperandClass);
}else if(ptg instanceof AreaPtgBase) {
if(ptg instanceof Area3DPxg) {
var9 = (Area3DPxg)ptg;
this.fixupAreaRelativeRowAndColumn(var9, formulaRow, formulaColumn);
ptg = var9;
}else if(ptg instanceof Area3DPxg) {
var9 = (Area3DPtg)ptg;
this.fixupAreaRelativeRowAndColumn(var9, formulaRow, formulaColumn);
ptg = var9;
}else {
var9 = (AreaPtgBase)ptg;
ptg = new AreaPtg(this.fixupRelativeRow(formulaRow, var9.getFirstRow(), var9.isFirstRowRelative()), this.fixupRelativeRow(formulaRow, var9.getLastRow(), var9.isLastRowRelative()), this.fixupRelativeColumn(formulaColumn, var9.getFirstColumn(), var9.isFirstColRelative()), this.fixupRelativeColumn(formulaColumn, var9.getLastColumn(), var9.isLastColRelative()), var9.isFirstRowRelative(), var9.isLastRowRelative(), var9.isFirstColRelative(), var9.isLastColRelative());
}
((Ptg)ptg).setClass(originalOperandClass);
}else if(ptg instanceof OperandPtg) {
ptg = ((OperandPtg)ptg).copy();
}
newPtgStack[k] = (Ptg)ptg;
}
return newPtgStack;
}
protected void fixupRefRelativeRowAndColumn(RefPtgBase areaNPtg, int formulaRow, int formulaColumn){
areaNPtg.setRow(this.fixupRelativeRow(formulaRow, areaNPtg.getRow(), areaNPtg.isRowRelative()));
areaNPtg.setColumn(this.fixupRelativeColumn(formulaColumn, areaNPtg.getColumn(), areaNPtg.isColRelative()));
areaNPtg.setRowRelative(areaNPtg.isRowRelative());
areaNPtg.setColRelative(areaNPtg.isColRelative());
}
protected void fixupAreaRelativeRowAndColumn(AreaPtgBase var9, int formulaRow, int formulaColumn){
var9.setFirstRow(this.fixupRelativeRow(formulaRow, var9.getFirstRow(), var9.isFirstRowRelative()));
var9.setLastRow(this.fixupRelativeRow(formulaRow, var9.getLastRow(), var9.isLastRowRelative()));
var9.setFirstColumn(this.fixupRelativeColumn(formulaColumn, var9.getFirstColumn(), var9.isFirstColRelative()));
var9.setLastColumn(this.fixupRelativeColumn(formulaColumn, var9.getLastColumn(), var9.isLastColRelative()));
var9.setFirstRowRelative(var9.isFirstRowRelative());
var9.setLastRowRelative(var9.isLastRowRelative());
var9.setFirstColRelative(var9.isFirstColRelative());
var9.setLastColRelative(var9.isLastColRelative());
}
protected int fixupRelativeColumn(int currentcolumn, int column, boolean relative) {
return relative?column + currentcolumn & this._columnWrappingMask:column;
}
protected int fixupRelativeRow(int currentrow, int row, boolean relative) {
return relative?row + currentrow & this._rowWrappingMask:row;
}
}
我不认为有。POI 必须解析公式（考虑到 A1 与 $A$1 与 $A1 等），我不相信它有这种能力。当我过去这样做时，我总是不得不自己管理。抱歉 - 不是您希望的答案！
您可以尝试一些第三方 excel 库，它们中的大多数都可以处理相对/绝对范围公式。