141

我理解为什么 log4net 使用app.config文件来设置日志记录——因此您可以轻松更改记录信息的方式,而无需重新编译代码。但就我而言,我不想app.config用我的可执行文件打包文件。而且我不想修改我的日志记录设置。

有没有办法让我设置登录代码而不是使用app.config

这是我的简单配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net" />
  </configSections>
  <log4net>
    <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <file value="Logs\EventLog.txt" />
      <appendToFile value="false" />
      <rollingStyle value="Size" />
      <maxSizeRollBackups value="5" />
      <maximumFileSize value="1GB" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger - %message%newline" />
      </layout>
    </appender>
    <appender name="MemoryAppender" type="log4net.Appender.MemoryAppender">
    </appender>
    <root>
      <level value="Info" />
      <appender-ref ref="RollingLogFileAppender" />
      <appender-ref ref="MemoryAppender" />
    </root>
  </log4net>
</configuration>

编辑:

完全清楚:我的目标是没有 XML 文件。甚至不是作为我变成流的嵌入式资源。我的目标是完全以编程方式定义记录器。只是好奇它是否可能,如果可以,我可能会在哪里找到语法示例。

4

7 回答 7

232

最终解决方案:1

对于将来可能偶然发现这一点的任何人,这就是我所做的。我在下面制作了静态类:

using log4net;
using log4net.Repository.Hierarchy;
using log4net.Core;
using log4net.Appender;
using log4net.Layout;

namespace Spectrum.Logging
{
    public class Logger
    {
        public static void Setup()
        {
            Hierarchy hierarchy = (Hierarchy)LogManager.GetRepository();

            PatternLayout patternLayout = new PatternLayout();
            patternLayout.ConversionPattern = "%date [%thread] %-5level %logger - %message%newline";
            patternLayout.ActivateOptions();

            RollingFileAppender roller = new RollingFileAppender();
            roller.AppendToFile = false;
            roller.File = @"Logs\EventLog.txt";
            roller.Layout = patternLayout;
            roller.MaxSizeRollBackups = 5;
            roller.MaximumFileSize = "1GB";
            roller.RollingStyle = RollingFileAppender.RollingMode.Size;
            roller.StaticLogFileName = true;            
            roller.ActivateOptions();
            hierarchy.Root.AddAppender(roller);

            MemoryAppender memory = new MemoryAppender();
            memory.ActivateOptions();
            hierarchy.Root.AddAppender(memory);

            hierarchy.Root.Level = Level.Info;
            hierarchy.Configured = true;
        }
    }
}

然后我所要做的就是用以下调用替换我调用 XML 文件的代码:

//XmlConfigurator.Configure(new FileInfo("app.config")); // Not needed anymore
Logger.Setup();

1 (此答案已由 OP 编辑​​为问题,我冒昧将其设为社区答案,请参阅此处为什么

于 2013-10-23T10:04:03.027 回答
12

您也可以完全转义 XML,我在这里编写了一个具有最少编程配置的示例

简而言之,这就是您需要的

var tracer = new TraceAppender();
var hierarchy = (Hierarchy)LogManager.GetRepository();
hierarchy.Root.AddAppender(tracer);
var patternLayout = new PatternLayout {ConversionPattern = "%m%n"};
patternLayout.ActivateOptions();
tracer.Layout = patternLayout;
hierarchy.Configured = true;
于 2013-05-02T11:40:53.733 回答
11

是的,您可以通过调用配置 log4net:

log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(XmlElement element)

请参阅log4net 文档

于 2013-05-02T11:31:24.150 回答
4

或者,您可以创建一个继承自 log4net.Config.ConfiguratorAttribute 的自定义属性,并在此处对您的配置进行硬编码:

using log4net.Appender;
using log4net.Config;
using log4net.Core;
using log4net.Layout;
using log4net.Repository;
using log4net.Repository.Hierarchy;
using System;
using System.Reflection;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Assembly)]
    public class MyConfiguratorAttribute : ConfiguratorAttribute
    {
        public MyConfiguratorAttribute()
            : base(0)
        {
        }

        public override void Configure(Assembly sourceAssembly, ILoggerRepository targetRepository)
        {
            var hierarchy = (Hierarchy)targetRepository;
            var patternLayout = new PatternLayout();
            patternLayout.ConversionPattern = "%date [%thread] %-5level %logger - %message%newline";
            patternLayout.ActivateOptions();

            var roller = new RollingFileAppender();
            roller.AppendToFile = false;
            roller.File = @"Logs\EventLog.txt";
            roller.Layout = patternLayout;
            roller.MaxSizeRollBackups = 5;
            roller.MaximumFileSize = "1GB";
            roller.RollingStyle = RollingFileAppender.RollingMode.Size;
            roller.StaticLogFileName = true;
            roller.ActivateOptions();
            hierarchy.Root.AddAppender(roller);

            hierarchy.Root.Level = Level.Info;
            hierarchy.Configured = true;
        }
    }
}

然后将以下内容添加到 .cs 文件中:

[assembly: ConsoleApplication1.MyConfigurator]
于 2016-02-15T10:27:07.360 回答
2

对于那些不想将 appender 添加到 Root 记录器,但要添加到当前/其他记录器的人:

//somewhere you've made a logger
var logger = LogManager.GetLogger("MyLogger");

// now add appender to it
var appender = BuildMyAppender();
((log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Logger)logger).AddAppender(appender);

logger.Debug("MyLogger with MyAppender must work now");

// and remove it later if this code executed multiple times (loggers are cached, so you'll get logger with your appender attached next time "MyLogger")
((log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Logger)logger).RemoveAppender(sbAppender);
于 2019-02-26T19:48:53.423 回答
1

尽管接受的答案在大多数情况下都有效,但它有一些缺点。

  • 它只保留 5 个最后的日志。
  • 日志大小设置为 1GB,这对于大多数记事本应用程序来说太大而无法打开。
  • 由于它会锁定日志文件,因此不适合 Web 应用程序等多线程应用程序。
  • 由于日期是文件名的前缀,因此在 windows 中使用不方便
  • 每次应用程序重新启动时它都会覆盖日志,如果您打算保留日志,这也是不合适的。
  • 正如评论中提到的,它需要一些修改才能使其在某些情况下正常工作。

因此配置更广泛一点。我创建了一个类,它使日志记录更容易一些。显然,如果您愿意,您可以选择配置部分。

using log4net;
using log4net.Appender;
using log4net.Config;
using log4net.Core;
using log4net.Layout;
using log4net.Repository.Hierarchy;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;

public enum LogType { Info, Debug, Warn, Error, Fatal };

public class Logger {

    private const string LOG_NAMESPACE = "APP_NAME";
    private const string LOG_FILENAME_PREFIX = @"D:\Logs\";
    private static readonly Level LOG_LEVEL = Level.Debug;
    private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(LOG_NAMESPACE);

    #region static Logger()
    // Static constructor is called automatically to initialize the class before the first instance is created or any static members are referenced
    static Logger() {
        Hierarchy hierarchy = (Hierarchy) LogManager.GetRepository();
        hierarchy.Root.RemoveAllAppenders();                            // Clear all previously added repositories.
        hierarchy.Root.Level = LOG_LEVEL;                               // Set Log level
        PatternLayout layout = new PatternLayout() { ConversionPattern = "%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff} %4t %-5p %m%n" }; // Log line format: Include millisecond precision, thread ID, Log type,
        layout.ActivateOptions();                                       // Apply Configuration 

        RollingFileAppender RFA = new RollingFileAppender();
        RFA.Name = LOG_NAMESPACE;                                       // Set name of appender
        RFA.File = LOG_FILENAME_PREFIX + LOG_NAMESPACE;                 // Set file name prefix
        RFA.LockingModel = new FileAppender.MinimalLock();              // Minimum lock time required, makes file available for reading
        RFA.AppendToFile = true;                                        // Do not overwrite existing logs, append to them.
        RFA.DatePattern = ".yyyy.MM.dd'.log'";                          // Add file extension here, to preserve the file extension
        RFA.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;                                   // Set format of file to UTF8 for international characters.
        RFA.CountDirection = 1;                                         // Increment file name in bigger number is newest, instead of default backward.
        RFA.MaximumFileSize = "100MB";                                  // Maximum size of file that I could open with common notepad applications
        RFA.RollingStyle = RollingFileAppender.RollingMode.Composite;   // Increment file names by both size and date.
        RFA.StaticLogFileName = false;
        RFA.MaxSizeRollBackups = -1;                                    // Keep all log files, do not automatically delete any
        RFA.PreserveLogFileNameExtension = true;                        // This plus extension added to DatePattern, causes to rolling size also work correctly

        RFA.Layout = layout;
        RFA.ActivateOptions();                                          // Apply Configuration 

        hierarchy.Root.AddAppender(RFA);
        BasicConfigurator.Configure(hierarchy);                         // Apply Configuration 
    }
    #endregion

    #region public static int Log(...)
    public static void Log(string Description, LogType logtype = LogType.Info) {
        switch (logtype) {
            case LogType.Debug:
                log.Debug(Description);
                break;
            case LogType.Info:
                log.Info(Description);
                break;
            case LogType.Warn:
                log.Warn(Description);
                break;
            case LogType.Error:
                log.Error(Description);
                break;
            case LogType.Fatal:
                log.Fatal(Description);
                break;
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region public static int Log(...)
    public static void Log(string Message, Exception ex) {
        log.Fatal(Message, ex);
    }
    #endregion

}


然后记录消息和异常调用它如下

Logger.Log("I was here", LogType.Debug);
Logger.Log("I am info message");
Logger.Log("An error", LogType.Error);
Logger.Log("An Exception", ex); // ex is of type Exception

由于 log4net 将滚动数据添加到文件名(在文件扩展名之后添加)文件的奇怪方式,导致 Windows Explorer 关联松动。为了解决这个问题,.log改为添加到 DatePattern 中。它还将在扩展之前正确添加文件增量(可能是由于错误)在版本上测试1.2.11.0

笔记:

  • 不需要外部调用初始化,这将在应用程序启动时初始化(或者当你第一次调用 Logger.Log
  • 您可以将所有类常量移出到您自己的配置文件中,并使此类更加通用和可重用。
  • 请注意,没有指定命名空间,这将使 Logger 类在所有命名空间中都可用。
  • Log4net 提供了 5 种方法来记录消息,这有点不方便记忆。因此Logger.Log方法默认使用info.
  • 不相关的说明:如果您的应用程序在服务器或 Web 上运行,请将您的日志文件远离操作系统驱动器和应用程序文件夹。
于 2021-02-28T08:35:38.850 回答
0

在我发现两个警告后,接受的答案有效:

  • 起初它对我不起作用,但在为该roller.File属性使用完整的绝对路径后,它开始工作。
  • 我必须在 F# 中使用它(在 fsx 脚本中),所以在从 C# 转换它时遇到了一些问题。如果您对最终结果感兴趣(包括下载 log4net nuget 包的方法),请参见下文:

nuget_log4net.fsx:

#!/usr/bin/env fsharpi

open System
open System.IO
open System.Net

#r "System.IO.Compression.FileSystem"
open System.IO.Compression

type DummyTypeForLog4Net () =
    do ()

module NetTools =

    let DownloadNuget (packageId: string, packageVersion: string) =
    use webClient = new WebClient()
    let fileName = sprintf "%s.%s.nupkg" packageId packageVersion

    let pathToUncompressTo = Path.Combine("packages", packageId)
    if (Directory.Exists(pathToUncompressTo)) then
        Directory.Delete(pathToUncompressTo, true)
    Directory.CreateDirectory(pathToUncompressTo) |> ignore
    let fileToDownload = Path.Combine(pathToUncompressTo, fileName)

    let nugetDownloadUri = Uri (sprintf "https://www.nuget.org/api/v2/package/%s/%s" packageId packageVersion)
    webClient.DownloadFile (nugetDownloadUri, fileToDownload)

    ZipFile.ExtractToDirectory(fileToDownload, pathToUncompressTo)

let packageId = "log4net"
let packageVersion = "2.0.5"
NetTools.DownloadNuget(packageId, packageVersion)

let currentDirectory = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()

// https://stackoverflow.com/a/19538654/6503091
#r "packages/log4net/lib/net45-full/log4net"

open log4net
open log4net.Repository.Hierarchy
open log4net.Core
open log4net.Appender
open log4net.Layout
open log4net.Config

let patternLayout = PatternLayout()
patternLayout.ConversionPattern <- "%date [%thread] %-5level %logger - %message%newline";
patternLayout.ActivateOptions()

let roller = RollingFileAppender()
roller.AppendToFile <- true
roller.File <- Path.Combine(currentDirectory, "someLog.txt")
roller.Layout <- patternLayout
roller.MaxSizeRollBackups <- 5
roller.MaximumFileSize <- "1GB"
roller.RollingStyle <- RollingFileAppender.RollingMode.Size
roller.StaticLogFileName <- true
roller.ActivateOptions ()

let hierarchy = box (LogManager.GetRepository()) :?> Hierarchy
hierarchy.Root.AddAppender (roller)

hierarchy.Root.Level <- Level.Info
hierarchy.Configured <- true
BasicConfigurator.Configure(hierarchy)

let aType = typedefof<DummyTypeForLog4Net>
let logger = LogManager.GetLogger(aType)

logger.Error(new Exception("exception test"))
于 2017-07-21T08:23:07.553 回答