spring - 尝试使用 JavaConfig 在 Spring 中编写 junit 测试

Question

我正在尝试为我的示例项目编写一个 junit 测试，但不知道如何在 jUnit 测试中访问 ApplicationContext：

这是有效的项目的主要类：

public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // in this setup, both the main(String[]) method and the JUnit method both specify that
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext( HelloWorldConfiguration.class );
        MessageService mService = context.getBean(MessageService.class);
        HelloWorld helloWorld = context.getBean(HelloWorld.class);

        /**
         * Displaying default messgae
         */
        LOGGER.debug("Message from HelloWorld Bean: " + helloWorld.getMessage());

        /**
         *   Saving Message to database
         */
        Message message = new Message();
        message.setMessage(helloWorld.getMessage());
        mService.SaveMessage(message);

        /**
         * Settting new message in bean
         */
        helloWorld.setMessage("I am in Staten Island, New York");
        LOGGER.debug("Message from HelloWorld Bean: " + helloWorld.getMessage());

        /**
         * Saving Message in database.
         */
        message.setMessage(helloWorld.getMessage());
        mService.SaveMessage(message);

        /**
         * Getting messages from database
         *    - display number of message(s)
         *    - display each message in database
         */
        List<Message> myList = mService.listMessages();
        LOGGER.debug("You Have " + myList.size() + " Message(s) In The Database");

        for (Message i : myList)
        {
            LOGGER.debug("Message: ID: " + i.getId() + ", Message: " + i.getMessage() + ".");
        }
    }

现在这里是junit测试：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
public class TestApp {


    @Test
    public void testBean() {
        HelloWorld helloWorld = context.getBean(HelloWorld.class);

        helloWorld.setMessage("I Love Dogs");
        Assert.assertEquals(helloWorld.getMessage(), "I Love Dogs");
    }
}

Answer 1

您可以使用自动装配。请注意，大多数时候您对应用程序上下文本身并不感兴趣，而是对与之关联的一个或多个 bean 感兴趣。下面是两个基本上做同样事情的例子：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
public class TestApp {

    @Autowired
    HelloWorld helloWorld;

    @Test
    public void testBean() {
        helloWorld.setMessage(...);
        // asserts, etc.
    }
}

---

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
public class TestApp {

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    HelloWorld helloWorld;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        helloWorld = context.getBean(HelloWorld.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void testBean() {
        helloWorld.setMessage(...);
        // asserts, etc.
    }
}

有关详细信息，请参阅参考文档。