27

这与其他问题非常相似,但我看过的问题要么没有答案,要么没有完全问同样的问题。我有一个自签名 CA 证书,以及使用该 CA 证书签名的另外两个证书。我很确定证书是正确的,因为“openssl verify”有效:

$ openssl verify -CAfile ca.pem server.pem
server.pem: OK

(以上是凭记忆,我面前没有,所以可能有点偏)。

现在我想以编程方式验证证书。我有一个带有以下伪代码的实用程序函数:

int verify_cert(X509 *cert, X509 *cacert)
{
     int ret;
     X509_STORE *store;
     X509_STORE_CTX *ctx;

     store = X509_STORE_new();
     X590_STORE_add_cert(store, cacert);

     ctx = X509_STORE_CTX_new();
     X509_STORE_CTX_init(ctx, store, cert, NULL);

     ret = X509_verify_cert(ctx);

     /* check for errors and clean up */
}

我的问题是上面的代码总是返回“找不到颁发者证书”。我做错了什么?我相信我正在创建一个新存储,添加 cacert,创建一个新上下文,并将要验证的子证书添加到上下文中,并带有指向包含 CA 的存储的指针。我很明显做错了什么,但我不确定是什么。

有任何想法吗?

更新:我知道我可以将这些证书保存到磁盘并使用 X509_LOOKUP_file 或类似的东西。我正在寻找一种不会不必要地接触磁盘的解决方案。

4

6 回答 6

18

您可以使用正常的验证例程(请参阅如何验证您的私有 CA 颁发的公钥?),就像 OpenSSL 中的 -verify 函数一样。您需要创建一个类似 X509_LOOKUP_file() 的查找方法 (X509_LOOKUP_METHOD),但它使用字符串而不是文件名。X509_LOOKUP_buffer() 的代码如下。

头文件 by_buffer.h:

/* File:   by_buffer.h */

#ifndef BY_BUFFER_H
#define    BY_BUFFER_H

#include <openssl/x509.h>

#ifdef    __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define X509_L_BUF_LOAD    1
#define X509_LOOKUP_load_buf(x,name,type) \
        X509_LOOKUP_ctrl((x),X509_L_BUF_LOAD,(name),(long)(type),NULL)
X509_LOOKUP_METHOD *X509_LOOKUP_buffer(void);

#ifdef    __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif    /* BY_BUFFER_H */

c程序by_buffer.c:

/* by_buffer.c - copied and modified from crypto/x509/by_file.c */
/* Copyright (C) - should be the same as for OpenSSL
*/
#include "by_buffer.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include "../crypto/cryptlib.h"
#include <openssl/lhash.h>
#include <openssl/buffer.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>

static int by_buffer_ctrl(X509_LOOKUP *ctx, int cmd, const char *argc,
    long argl, char **ret);
X509_LOOKUP_METHOD x509_buffer_lookup=
    {
    "Load buffer into cache",
    NULL,        /* new */
    NULL,        /* free */
    NULL,         /* init */
    NULL,        /* shutdown */
    by_buffer_ctrl,    /* ctrl */
    NULL,        /* get_by_subject */
    NULL,        /* get_by_issuer_serial */
    NULL,        /* get_by_fingerprint */
    NULL,        /* get_by_alias */
    };

X509_LOOKUP_METHOD *X509_LOOKUP_buffer(void)
    {
    return(&x509_buffer_lookup);
    }

static int by_buffer_ctrl(X509_LOOKUP *ctx, int cmd, const char *argp, long argl,
         char **ret)
    {
    int ok=0;
    char *certBuf;

    switch (cmd)
        {
    case X509_L_BUF_LOAD:
        if (argl == X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT)
            {
            X509err(X509_F_BY_FILE_CTRL,X509_R_LOADING_DEFAULTS);
            }
        else
            {
            if(argl == X509_FILETYPE_PEM)
                ok = (X509_load_cert_crl_buf(ctx,argp,
                    X509_FILETYPE_PEM) != 0);
            else
                ok = (X509_load_cert_buf(ctx,argp,(int)argl) != 0);
            }
        break;
        }
    return(ok);
    }

int X509_load_cert_buf(X509_LOOKUP *ctx, const char *certBuf, int type)
    {
    int ret=0;
    BIO *in=NULL;
    int i,count=0;
    X509 *x=NULL;

    if (certBuf == NULL) return(1);
        in=BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
        if(in==NULL) goto err;

    if (type == X509_FILETYPE_PEM)
        {
        for (;;)
            {
            x=PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(in,NULL,NULL,NULL);
            if (x == NULL)
                {
                if ((ERR_GET_REASON(ERR_peek_last_error()) ==
                    PEM_R_NO_START_LINE) && (count > 0))
                    {
                    ERR_clear_error();
                    break;
                    }
                else
                    {
                    X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CERT_FILE,
                        ERR_R_PEM_LIB);
                    goto err;
                    }
                }
            i=X509_STORE_add_cert(ctx->store_ctx,x);
            if (!i) goto err;
            count++;
            X509_free(x);
            x=NULL;
            }
        ret=count;
        }
    else if (type == X509_FILETYPE_ASN1)
        {
        x=d2i_X509_bio(in,NULL);
        if (x == NULL)
            {
            X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CERT_FILE,ERR_R_ASN1_LIB);
            goto err;
            }
        i=X509_STORE_add_cert(ctx->store_ctx,x);
        if (!i) goto err;
        ret=i;
        }
    else
        {
        X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CERT_FILE,X509_R_BAD_X509_FILETYPE);
        goto err;
        }
err:
    if (x != NULL) X509_free(x);
    if (in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
    return(ret);
    }

int X509_load_crl_buf(X509_LOOKUP *ctx, const char *certBuf, int type)
    {
    int ret=0;
    BIO *in=NULL;
    int i,count=0;
    X509_CRL *x=NULL;

    if (certBuf == NULL) return(1);
    //in=BIO_new(BIO_s_file_internal());
        in=BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());

        if(in==NULL) goto err;

    if (type == X509_FILETYPE_PEM)
        {
        for (;;)
            {
            x=PEM_read_bio_X509_CRL(in,NULL,NULL,NULL);
            if (x == NULL)
                {
                if ((ERR_GET_REASON(ERR_peek_last_error()) ==
                    PEM_R_NO_START_LINE) && (count > 0))
                    {
                    ERR_clear_error();
                    break;
                    }
                else
                    {
                    X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CRL_FILE,
                        ERR_R_PEM_LIB);
                    goto err;
                    }
                }
            i=X509_STORE_add_crl(ctx->store_ctx,x);
            if (!i) goto err;
            count++;
            X509_CRL_free(x);
            x=NULL;
            }
        ret=count;
        }
    else if (type == X509_FILETYPE_ASN1)
        {
        x=d2i_X509_CRL_bio(in,NULL);
        if (x == NULL)
            {
            X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CRL_FILE,ERR_R_ASN1_LIB);
            goto err;
            }
        i=X509_STORE_add_crl(ctx->store_ctx,x);
        if (!i) goto err;
        ret=i;
        }
    else
        {
        X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CRL_FILE,X509_R_BAD_X509_FILETYPE);
        goto err;
        }
err:
    if (x != NULL) X509_CRL_free(x);
    if (in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
    return(ret);
    }

int X509_load_cert_crl_buf(X509_LOOKUP *ctx, const char *certBuf, int type)
{
    STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *inf;
    X509_INFO *itmp;
    BIO *in;
    int i, count = 0;
    if(type != X509_FILETYPE_PEM)
        return X509_load_cert_buf(ctx, certBuf, type);
        in = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
    if(!in) {
        X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CERT_CRL_FILE,ERR_R_SYS_LIB);
        return 0;
    }
        BIO_write(in, certBuf, strlen(certBuf));
    inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(in, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    BIO_free(in);
    if(!inf) {
        X509err(X509_F_X509_LOAD_CERT_CRL_FILE,ERR_R_PEM_LIB);
        return 0;
    }
    for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(inf); i++) {
        itmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
        if(itmp->x509) {
            X509_STORE_add_cert(ctx->store_ctx, itmp->x509);
            count++;
        }
        if(itmp->crl) {
            X509_STORE_add_crl(ctx->store_ctx, itmp->crl);
            count++;
        }
    }
    sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
    return count;
}

C++ 中调用上述例程的例程:

#include "by_buffer.h"
static int check(X509_STORE *ctx, const char *certBuf);
static X509 *load_cert(const char *certBuf);

int validateKey(const char *rsaKeyCA, const char *rsaCertificate) {
    int ret=0;
    X509_STORE *cert_ctx=NULL;
    X509_LOOKUP *lookup=NULL;

    cert_ctx=X509_STORE_new();
    if (cert_ctx == NULL) goto end;

    OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();

    lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(cert_ctx,X509_LOOKUP_buffer());
    if (lookup == NULL)
        goto end;

    if(!X509_LOOKUP_load_buf(lookup,rsaKeyCA,X509_FILETYPE_PEM))
        goto end;

    lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(cert_ctx,X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
    if (lookup == NULL)
        goto end;

    X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);

    ret = check(cert_ctx, rsaCertificate);
end:
    if (cert_ctx != NULL) X509_STORE_free(cert_ctx);

    return ret;
}

static X509 *load_cert(const char *certBuf)
{
    X509 *x=NULL;
    BIO *cert;

    if ((cert=BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL)
        goto end;

    BIO_write(cert, certBuf, strlen(certBuf));

    x=PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert,NULL, NULL, NULL);
end:
    if (cert != NULL) BIO_free(cert);
    return(x);
}

static int check(X509_STORE *ctx, const char *certBuf)
{
    X509 *x=NULL;
    int i=0,ret=0;
    X509_STORE_CTX *csc;

    x = load_cert(certBuf);
    if (x == NULL)
        goto end;

    csc = X509_STORE_CTX_new();
    if (csc == NULL)
        goto end;
    X509_STORE_set_flags(ctx, 0);
    if(!X509_STORE_CTX_init(csc,ctx,x,0))
        goto end;
    ////// See crypto/asn1/t_x509.c for ideas on how to access and print the values
    //printf("X.509 name: %s\n", x->name);
    i=X509_verify_cert(csc);
    X509_STORE_CTX_free(csc);

    ret=0;
end:
    ret = (i > 0);
    if (x != NULL)
        X509_free(x);

    return(ret);
}
于 2013-06-09T19:01:02.980 回答
5

我认为,您可以使用“X509_STORE_set_verify_cb”添加回调以识别实际错误:

static int  verify_cb(int ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
{
    if (!ok)
    {
        /* check the error code and current cert*/
        X509 *currentCert = X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(ctx);
        int certError = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(ctx);
        int depth = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(ctx);
        printCert(currentCert);
        printf("Error depth %d, certError %d", depth, certError)
    }

    return(ok);
}

int verify_cert(X509 *cert, X509 *cacert)
{
     int ret;
     X509_STORE *store;
     X509_STORE_CTX *ctx;

     store = X509_STORE_new();
     X509_STORE_set_verify_cb(store, verify_cb);
     X590_STORE_add_cert(store, cacert);

     ctx = X509_STORE_CTX_new();
     X509_STORE_CTX_init(ctx, store, cert, NULL);

     ret = X590_verify_cert(ctx);

     /* check for errors and clean up */
}

除非我们知道错误代码,否则很难猜出实际问题。否则代码看起来没问题。

于 2016-01-20T18:29:57.873 回答
4

我自己遇到了这个问题,并从非常接近 OP 的代码开始。我的证书链包括 3 个证书:证书 1 (root-ca) 颁发者:root-ca 主题:root-ca 证书 2 (signing-ca) 颁发者:root-ca 主题:signing-ca 证书 3 (device) 颁发者:signing- ca 主题:设备

我想验证设备证书。我的 ca.pem 等效项(wrt OP)包含 root-ca 和 signing-ca。

X509_verify_cert 函数需要整个证书链一直到 X509_store 中的根 (root-ca & signing-ca)。

以下是适用于我的代码。省略了对返回值的检查以精简代码。

int getIssuerCert(X509_STORE *x509_store){
    STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *inf;
    X509_INFO *itmp;
    BIO *in;
    int i, count = 0;

    in = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
    BIO_write(in, issuerCertStr, strlen(issuerCertStr)); //string containing root-ca & signing-ca
    inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(in, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if(in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
    for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(inf); i++) {
        itmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
        if(itmp->x509) {
            X509_STORE_add_cert(x509_store, itmp->x509);
            count++;
        }
        if(itmp->crl) {
            X509_STORE_add_crl(x509_store, itmp->crl);
            count++;
        }
    }
    sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
    return 0;
}


int verify_cert(){
    int ret = 0;
    X509 *devCert = NULL;
    X509_STORE *x509_store = NULL;
    X509_STORE_CTX *x509_store_ctx = NULL;

    OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
    devCert = getDeviceCert(); //  Returns X509 pointer

    x509_store = X509_STORE_new();
    X509_STORE_set_verify_cb(x509_store, verify_cb);
    X509_STORE_set_flags(x509_store, 0);

    x509_store_ctx = X509_STORE_CTX_new();

    X509_STORE_CTX_init(x509_store_ctx, x509_store, devCert, NULL)

    X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose(x509_store_ctx, X509_PURPOSE_ANY);
    ret = X509_verify_cert(x509_store_ctx);

    if(x509_store_ctx != NULL) X509_STORE_CTX_free(x509_store_ctx);
    if(x509_store != NULL) X509_STORE_free(x509_store);
    if(devCert != NULL) X509_free(devCert);
    EVP_cleanup();
    return ret;
}

我不需要创建任何查找方法。对我来说,关键是从内存中的字符串中循环遍历我的证书,因此我拥有完成链所需的所有证书。该字符串相当于我为选项 -CAfile 输入 openssl verify 的字符串。

此外,请确保您的 X509 指针在使用时不为空。

于 2016-10-04T00:12:33.227 回答
3

一个可能的答案(没有代表点来添加评论,抱歉):手册页SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(3)说,

When building its own certificate chain, an OpenSSL client/server will try to fill in
missing certificates from CAfile/CApath, if the certificate chain was not explicitly
specified (see SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert(3), SSL_CTX_use_certificate(3).

(未能匹配他们的括号,而不是我的。)

这似乎意味着,作为 的替代方案SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(3),应该可以使用SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert(3)or SSL_CTX_use_certificate(3)-- 两者都采用X509 *arg。从而消除了对 Ed 先生解决方案的需要,如上所示。

于 2015-03-20T22:24:11.257 回答
2

请看一下SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations ()功能:http ://www.openssl.org/docs/ssl/SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations.html

SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations() 指定 ctx 的位置,用于验证的 CA 证书所在的位置。通过 CAfile 和 CApath 提供的证书是受信任的。

您可以生成包含 ca.pem server.pem 的 CA 证书文件:

 #!/bin/sh
 rm CAfile.pem
 for i in ca.pem server.pem ; do
   openssl x509 -in $i -text >> CAfile.pem
 done

然后设置CAfile变量指向CAfile.pem文件。

希望能帮助到你 !

于 2013-04-30T08:57:16.747 回答
0

见官方源码:apps/verify.c

static int check(X509_STORE *ctx, const char *file,
                 STACK_OF(X509) *uchain, STACK_OF(X509) *tchain,
                 STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls, int show_chain);

您可以在此处查看如何输出“OK”:

    if (i > 0 && X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(csc) == X509_V_OK) {
        printf("%s: OK\n", (file == NULL) ? "stdin" : file);

函数依赖可以在apps/apps.c中找到

于 2020-06-15T15:44:18.510 回答