我正在尝试使用 matplotlib 绘制球体周围的磁场流线,它确实工作得很好。但是,生成的图像不是对称的,但应该是(我认为)。
这是用于生成图像的代码。请原谅长度,但我认为这比仅仅发布一个非工作片段要好。此外,它不是很pythonic;那是因为我从 Matlab 转换它,这比我预期的要容易。
from __future__ import division
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Circle
def cart2spherical(x, y, z):
r = np.sqrt(x**2 + y**2 + z**2)
phi = np.arctan2(y, x)
theta = np.arccos(z/r)
if r == 0:
theta = 0
return (r, theta, phi)
def S(theta, phi):
S = np.array([[np.sin(theta)*np.cos(phi), np.cos(theta)*np.cos(phi), -np.sin(phi)],
[np.sin(theta)*np.sin(phi), np.cos(theta)*np.sin(phi), np.cos(phi)],
[np.cos(theta), -np.sin(theta), 0]])
return S
def computeB(r, theta, phi, a=1, muR=100, B0=1):
delta = (muR - 1)/(muR + 2)
if r > a:
Bspherical = B0*np.array([np.cos(theta) * (1 + 2*delta*a**3 / r**3),
np.sin(theta) * (delta*a**3 / r**3 - 1),
0])
B = np.dot(S(theta, phi), Bspherical)
else:
B = 3*B0*(muR / (muR + 2)) * np.array([0, 0, 1])
return B
Z, X = np.mgrid[-2.5:2.5:1000j, -2.5:2.5:1000j]
Bx = np.zeros(np.shape(X))
Bz = np.zeros(np.shape(X))
Babs = np.zeros(np.shape(X))
for i in range(len(X)):
for j in range(len(Z)):
r, theta, phi = cart2spherical(X[0, i], 0, Z[j, 0])
B = computeB(r, theta, phi)
Bx[i, j], Bz[i, j] = B[0], B[2]
Babs[i, j] = np.sqrt(B[0]**2 + B[1]**2 + B[2]**2)
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111)
plt.streamplot(X, Z, Bx, Bz, color='k', linewidth=0.8*Babs, density=1.3,
minlength=0.9, arrowstyle='-')
ax.add_patch(Circle((0, 0), radius=1, facecolor='none', linewidth=2))
plt.axis('equal')
plt.axis('off')
fig.savefig('streamlines.pdf', transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0)