testing - 软件测试规范的黑盒测试

Question

作为软件测试文档的一部分，我正在研究黑盒案例，但我不太确定该怎么做。我的教授说我们不需要提供实际结果。我只是对我应该做什么以及如何做这件事感到困惑。有没有什么好的例子可以参考。我查看了 IEEE 829，但这并没有真正的帮助。

Answer 1

Definition:

• Black box testing is a Testing, either functional or non-functional, without reference to the internal structure of the component or system. So in this method internal structure of program is not considered, tester should provide input set to the program and test whether the program is giving expected output or not.

• This method is called as black box because, tester is not aware of the software program. Software program is like a black box; inside which tester cannot see.

BLACK BOX TESTING TECHNIQUES

Following are some techniques that can be used for designing black box tests:

Equivalence partitioning Equivalence Partitioning is a software test design technique that involves dividing input values into valid and invalid partitions and selecting representative values from each partition as test data.

Boundary Value Analysis Boundary Value Analysis is a software test design technique that involves determination of boundaries for input values and selecting values that are at the boundaries and just inside/outside of the boundaries as test data.

Graph Based Testing Methods Each and every application is build up of some objects. All such objects are identified and graph is prepared. From this object graph each object relationship is identified and test cases written accordingly to discover the errors.

Error Guessing This is purely based on previous experience and judgment of tester. Error Guessing is the art of guessing where errors can be hidden. For this technique there are no specific tools, writing the test cases that cover all the application paths.

Example of Black Box Testing

A tester, without knowledge of the internal structures of a website, tests the web pages by using a browser and providing inputs (i.e. clicks, keystrokes) and verifying whether the output produced is the expected output.

Answer 2

也许您的教授要求您应用黑盒设计技术来设计测试用例来测试某些功能或要求。一些例子：

1. 等价划分
2. 状态转换
3. 边值分析
4. 成对测试

Answer 3

黑盒测试是一种软件测试方法，测试人员不需要知道软件的编码或内部结构。黑盒测试方法依赖于具有各种输入的测试软件并根据预期输出验证结果。您可以根据您的应用程序范围使用各种黑盒技术（如等价分区、状态转换、边界值分析等）编写软件测试文档。