我发现您不能通过将数据传递到 Windows 8 应用程序的另一个页面来返回数据。您不能以传递数据的方式返回数据,即this.Frame.Navigate(typeof(MainPage), passData);  
对于解决方案,我创建了一个“已完成”事件,并从后面的 MainPage C# 代码中调用它。  
MainPage.xaml.cs:
    protected override void OnNavigatedFrom(NavigationEventArgs args)
    {
        if (args.SourcePageType.Equals(typeof(ChildPage)))
            (args.Content as ChildPage).Completed += OnChildPageCompleted;
        base.OnNavigatedFrom(args);
    }
    void OnChildPageCompleted(object sender, ReturnData args)
    {
        // Code to run if returned back to MainPage from ChildPage
        this.myNewString = returnData.myString;
        (sender as ChildPage).Completed -= OnChildPageCompleted;
    }
返回数据.cs:
namespace MyTestApp
{
    class ReturnData
    {
        public String myString { set; get; }
    }
}
ChildPage.xaml.cs:
public event EventHandler<ReturnData> Completed;
ChildPage.xaml.cs:
protected override void OnNavigatedFrom(NavigationEventArgs args)
{
    if (Completed != null)
    {
        // Create ReturnData object
        ReturnData returnData = new ReturnData();
        returnData.myString = newStringChanged;
        // Fire Completed event
        Completed(this, returnData);
    }
    base.OnNavigatedFrom(args);
}