我正在尝试为班级制作一个“疯狂的乒乓球”游戏。要求是在反弹后复制球。此版本还要求有 3 种类型的球，一种是常规的缩小桨叶的球，另一种是使桨叶变大的球。到目前为止，我的代码是：
from livewires import games, color, random
import decimal
games.init(screen_width = 640, screen_height = 480, fps = 50)
score = games.Text(value = 0, size = 25, color = color.black,
top = 460, right = games.screen.width - 10)
games.screen.add(score)
class Paddle(games.Sprite):
"""
A paddle controlled by player to catch falling pizzas.
"""
SMALL = 1
MEDIUM = 2
LARGE = 3
images = {SMALL : games.load_image("paddle.bmp"),
MEDIUM : games.load_image("paddlemid.bmp"),
LARGE : games.load_image("paddleBig.bmp") }
def __init__(self, size):
""" Initialize Paddle object. """
super(Paddle, self).__init__(image = Paddle.images[size],
y = games.mouse.y,
bottom = games.screen.width)
self.size = size
def update(self):
""" Move to mouse x position. """
self.y = games.mouse.y
if self.top < 0:
self.top = 0
if self.bottom > games.screen.height:
self.bottom = games.screen.height
self.check_catch()
self.check_catch_grow()
def check_catch(self):
""" Check if ball bounces """
for BouncingBall in self.overlapping_sprites:
BouncingBall.handle_bounce()
def check_catch_grow(self):
""" Check if ball bounces """
for GrowBall in self.overlapping_sprites:
self.destroy()
new_paddle = Paddle(3)
games.screen.add(new_paddle)
GrowBall.handle_bounce()
def check_catch_shrink(self):
""" Check if ball bounces """
for ShrinkBall in self.overlapping_sprites:
self.destroy()
ShrinkBall.handle_bounce()
class BouncingBall(games.Sprite):
"""
A ball that bounces around the screen and duplicates on paddle bounce.
"""
image = games.load_image("bouncingBall.bmp")
speed = 1
def __init__(self, x, y, dx, dy):
""" Initialize a ball object. """
super(BouncingBall, self).__init__(image = BouncingBall.image,
x = x, y = y,dx = decimal.Decimal(random.randrange(50,300))/100 , dy = decimal.Decimal(random.randrange(1, 3)))
def update(self):
""" Check if bottom edge has reached screen bottom. """
## if self.right > games.screen.height or self.left < 0:
## self.dx = -self.dx
if self.bottom > games.screen.height or self.top < 0:
self.dy = -self.dy
if self.right > games.screen.width:
self.dx = -self.dx
if self.left < 0:
self.destroy()
self.end_game()
def handle_bounce(self):
global score
self.destroy()
new_ball = BouncingBall(x = self.x + 1, y = self.y, dx = -self.dx, dy = self.dy)
dup_ball = BouncingBall(x = self.x + 1, y = self.y, dx = random.randrange(1,3), dy = random.randrange(1,3))
score.value += 10
score.right = games.screen.width - 10
# self.dx = -self.dx
## self.dy = -self.dy
games.screen.add(new_ball)
games.screen.add(dup_ball)
def end_game(self):
""" End the game. """
end_message = games.Message(value = "Game Over",
size = 90,
color = color.red,
x = games.screen.width/2,
y = games.screen.height/2,
lifetime = 5 * games.screen.fps,
after_death = games.screen.quit)
games.screen.add(end_message)
class ShrinkBall(games.Sprite):
"""
A ball that bounces around the screen and duplicates on paddle bounce.
Makes Paddle Small
"""
image = games.load_image("shrinkBall.bmp")
speed = 1
def __init__(self, x, y, dx, dy):
""" Initialize a ball object. """
super(BouncingBall, self).__init__(image = BouncingBall.image,
x = x, y = y,dx = decimal.Decimal(random.randrange(50,300))/100 , dy = decimal.Decimal(random.randrange(1, 3)))
def update(self):
""" Check if bottom edge has reached screen bottom. """
## if self.right > games.screen.height or self.left < 0:
## self.dx = -self.dx
if self.bottom > games.screen.height or self.top < 0:
self.dy = -self.dy
if self.right > games.screen.width:
self.dx = -self.dx
if self.left < 0:
self.destroy()
self.end_game()
def handle_bounce(self):
global score
new_paddle = Paddle(1)
games.screen.add(new_paddle)
self.destroy()
new_ball = ShrinkBall(x = self.x + 1, y = self.y, dx = -self.dx, dy = self.dy)
dup_ball = BouncingBall(x = self.x + 1, y = self.y, dx = random.randrange(1,3), dy = random.randrange(1,3))
score.value += 10
score.right = games.screen.width - 10
# self.dx = -self.dx
## self.dy = -self.dy
games.screen.add(new_ball)
games.screen.add(dup_ball)
def end_game(self):
""" End the game. """
end_message = games.Message(value = "Game Over",
size = 90,
color = color.red,
x = games.screen.width/2,
y = games.screen.height/2,
lifetime = 5 * games.screen.fps,
after_death = games.screen.quit)
games.screen.add(end_message)
class GrowBall(games.Sprite):
"""
A ball that bounces around the screen and duplicates on paddle bounce.
Makes paddle larger
"""
image = games.load_image("growBall.bmp")
speed = 1
def __init__(self, x, y, dx, dy):
""" Initialize a ball object. """
super(GrowBall, self).__init__(image = GrowBall.image,
x = x, y = y,dx = decimal.Decimal(random.randrange(50,300))/100 , dy = decimal.Decimal(random.randrange(1, 3)))
def update(self):
""" Check if bottom edge has reached screen bottom. """
## if self.right > games.screen.height or self.left < 0:
## self.dx = -self.dx
if self.bottom > games.screen.height or self.top < 0:
self.dy = -self.dy
if self.right > games.screen.width:
self.dx = -self.dx
if self.left < 0:
self.destroy()
self.end_game()
def handle_bounce(self):
global score
self.destroy()
new_ball = GrowBall(x = self.x + 1, y = self.y, dx = -self.dx, dy = self.dy)
dup_ball = BouncingBall(x = self.x + 1, y = self.y, dx = random.randrange(1,3), dy = random.randrange(1,3))
score.value += 10
score.right = games.screen.width - 10
# self.dx = -self.dx
## self.dy = -self.dy
games.screen.add(new_ball)
games.screen.add(dup_ball)
def end_game(self):
""" End the game. """
end_message = games.Message(value = "Game Over",
size = 90,
color = color.red,
x = games.screen.width/2,
y = games.screen.height/2,
lifetime = 5 * games.screen.fps,
after_death = games.screen.quit)
games.screen.add(end_message)
def main():
wall_image = games.load_image("background.bmp", transparent = False)
games.screen.background = wall_image
the_ball = GrowBall(x = 400, y = 200, dx = 1, dy = 1)
games.screen.add(the_ball)
the_paddle = Paddle(2)
games.screen.add(the_paddle)
games.mouse.is_visible = False
games.screen.event_grab = True
games.screen.mainloop()
main()
我尝试在课堂上寻求帮助，但没有收到任何回复。我知道我的代码很乱，而且我确信它有很多冗余。当我运行程序时，我遇到了一个错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\crazypong 2.0.py", line 257, in <module>
main()
File "C:\crazypong 2.0.py", line 255, in main
games.screen.mainloop()
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\livewires\games.py", line 307, in mainloop
object._tick()
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\livewires\games.py", line 504, in _tick
self.update()
File "C:\crazypong 2.0.py", line 44, in update
self.check_catch()
File "C:\crazypong 2.0.py", line 51, in check_catch
BouncingBall.handle_bounce()
AttributeError: 'Paddle' object has no attribute 'handle_bounce'