我在 python 3.3 上使用 tkinter 编写了一个（非常）简单的计算器脚本。当我通过 IDLE 运行脚本时，它似乎工作正常；但是，当我通过简单地双击 .py 文件运行它时，它不起作用。cmd窗口弹出半秒后又消失。
我尝试使用“pythoncalculator.py”通过命令提示符启动它，但这也不起作用。但是，键入“python”以在 cmd 中调出 python 解释器，然后导入计算器工作正常。
在谷歌上搜索了这个问题并查看了一些类似的 stackOverflow 问题后，我认为它们都没有真正解决这个问题。这不是第一次，大约一周前，我为我的 USB 记忆棒编写了一个 python 安全插件，它获取密码并检查它们与哈希等的对比，并在 USB 记忆棒上安装了 python。前几天它停止了工作，当我用 PythonW 打开它时，什么也没发生，我不得不一直用 IDLE 打开它并从那里启动它。
我已经附上了我的计算器的代码 - 我意识到它效率低下并且编码非常糟糕，但我还没有清理它。
from tkinter import *
class calculator:
def __init__(self):
self.root = Tk()
self.menu = Menu(self.root)
self.menu.add_command(label="Quit", command=self.root.destroy)
self.root.config(menu=self.menu)
self.root.title("Calculator")
self.display = Entry(self.root)
self.display.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=5)
self.dot = False
self.equalsdone = False
Label(self.root).grid(row=2, column=0)
Button(self.root, text="1", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("1")).grid(row=4, column=0)
Button(self.root, text="2", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("2")).grid(row=4, column=1)
Button(self.root, text="3", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("3")).grid(row=4, column=2)
Button(self.root, text="4", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("4")).grid(row=5, column=0)
Button(self.root, text="5", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("5")).grid(row=5, column=1)
Button(self.root, text="6", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("6")).grid(row=5, column=2)
Button(self.root, text="7", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("7")).grid(row=6, column=0)
Button(self.root, text="8", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("8")).grid(row=6, column=1)
Button(self.root, text="9", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("9")).grid(row=6, column=2)
Button(self.root, text="0", width=5, foreground="blue", command=lambda: self.addNumber("0")).grid(row=7, column=1)
Button(self.root, text=".", width=5, command=lambda: self.addNumber(".")).grid(row=7, column=0)
Button(self.root, text="=", width=12, command=lambda: self.Equals()).grid(row=8, column=2, columnspan=2)
Button(self.root, text="(", width=5, foreground="red", command=lambda: self.addNumber("(")).grid(row=8, column=0)
Button(self.root, text=")", width=5, foreground="red", command=lambda: self.addNumber(")")).grid(row=8, column=1)
Button(self.root, text="X", width=5, foreground="red", command=lambda: self.addNumber("x")).grid(row=4, column=3)
Button(self.root, text="÷", width=5, foreground="red", command=lambda: self.addNumber("÷")).grid(row=5, column=3)
Button(self.root, text="-", width=5, foreground="red", command=lambda: self.addNumber("-")).grid(row=6, column=3)
Button(self.root, text="+", width=5, foreground="red", command=lambda: self.addNumber("+")).grid(row=7, column=3)
Button(self.root, text="C", width=5, command=lambda:self.clear("all")).grid(row=3, column=3)
Button(self.root, text="Del.", width=5, command=lambda:self.clear("1")).grid(row=3, column=2)
def clear(self, amount):
if amount == "all":
self.display.delete(0, END)
elif amount == "1":
if self.equalsdone == True:
self.equalsdone = False
y = self.display.get()
yAct = y[1:]
self.display.delete(0, END)
self.display.insert(0, yAct)
self.display.delete(len(yAct)-1, END)
else:
z = len(self.display.get())
self.display.delete(z-1, END)
def addNumber(self, number):
if self.equalsdone == True:
self.equalsdone = False
if number == "x" or number == "÷" or number == "+" or number == "-":
y = self.display.get()
yAct = y[1:]
self.display.delete(0, END)
self.display.insert(0, yAct)
self.display.insert(END, number)
else:
self.display.delete(0, END)
self.display.insert(0, number)
elif number == ".":
if self.dot == True:
pass
else:
self.dot = True
self.display.insert(END, number)
elif number == "x" or number == "-"or number == "+"or number == "÷":
self.dot = False
self.display.insert(END, number)
else:
self.display.insert(END, number)
def doEquation(self, operator):
def setwaiting(operator):
if operator == "x":
self.waitingx = True
if operator == "÷":
self.waitingd = True
if operator == "+":
self.waitingp = True
if operator == "-":
self.waitingt = True
if self.waiting == False:
self.waiting = True
setwaiting(operator)
elif self.waitingx == True:
self.waitingx = False
setwaiting(operator)
self.no1f = float(self.no1)
self.no2f = float(self.no2)
x = self.no1f*self.no2f
self.no1 = str(x)
self.no2 = ""
print(self.no1)
elif self.waitingd == True:
self.waitingd = False
setwaiting(operator)
self.no1f = float(self.no1)
self.no2f = float(self.no2)
x = self.no1f/self.no2f
self.no1 = str(x)
self.no2 = ""
print(self.no1)
elif self.waitingt == True:
self.waitingt = False
setwaiting(operator)
self.no1f = float(self.no1)
self.no2f = float(self.no2)
x = self.no1f-self.no2f
self.no1 = str(x)
self.no2 = ""
print(self.no1)
elif self.waitingp == True:
self.waitingp = False
setwaiting(operator)
self.no1f = float(self.no1)
self.no2f = float(self.no2)
x = self.no1f+self.no2f
self.no1 = str(x)
self.no2 = ""
print(self.no1)
else:
setwaiting(operator)
def Equals(self):
self.length = len(self.display.get())
self.equation = self.display.get()
self.waiting = False
self.no1 = ""
self.no2 = ""
self.lena = 0
self.waitingx = False
self.waitingd = False
self.waitingt = False
self.waitingp = False
for item in self.equation:
self.lena += 1
if item == "x":
self.doEquation(operator="x")
elif item == "÷":
self.doEquation(operator="÷")
elif item == "-":
self.doEquation(operator="-")
elif item == "+":
self.doEquation(operator="+")
else:
if self.waiting == False:
self.no1 += item
elif self.waiting == True:
self.no2 += item
if self.lena == self.length:
self.doEquation(operator=False)
self.display.delete(0, END)
self.display.insert(0, "=" + self.no1)
self.equalsdone = True
calculator()