1

根据SQLite外键文档,应该是创建两个数据库的方式,如果父字段更新,引用父字段的字段也会更新。

问题:一旦我按照以下步骤操作,直到最后一个命令之前一切正常, SELECT * FROM track;因为结果仍然与以下相同,因此它应该更改为最后显示的结果。

  trackid  trackname          trackartist
    -------  -----------------  -----------
    11       That's Amore       1
    12       Christmas Blues    1
    13       My Way             2  

编码:

-- Database schema
CREATE TABLE artist(
  artistid    INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 
  artistname  TEXT
);
CREATE TABLE track(
  trackid     INTEGER,
  trackname   TEXT, 
  trackartist INTEGER REFERENCES artist(artistid) ON UPDATE CASCADE
);

sqlite> SELECT * FROM artist;
artistid  artistname       
--------  -----------------
1         Dean Martin      
2         Frank Sinatra    

sqlite> SELECT * FROM track;
trackid  trackname          trackartist
-------  -----------------  -----------
11       That's Amore       1
12       Christmas Blues    1
13       My Way             2  

sqlite> -- Update the artistid column of the artist record for "Dean Martin".
sqlite> -- Normally, this would raise a constraint, as it would orphan the two
sqlite> -- dependent records in the track table. However, the ON UPDATE CASCADE clause
sqlite> -- attached to the foreign key definition causes the update to "cascade"
sqlite> -- to the child table, preventing the foreign key constraint violation.
sqlite> UPDATE artist SET artistid = 100 WHERE artistname = 'Dean Martin';

sqlite> SELECT * FROM artist;
artistid  artistname       
--------  -----------------
2         Frank Sinatra    
100       Dean Martin      

sqlite> SELECT * FROM track;
trackid  trackname          trackartist
-------  -----------------  -----------
11       That's Amore       100
12       Christmas Blues    100  
13       My Way             2  

为什么是这样?

4

1 回答 1

1

您应该更加仔细地阅读精美的手册

2. 启用外键支持
[...]
假设库是在启用外键约束的情况下编译的,它仍然必须由应用程序在运行时使用 PRAGMA foreign_keys 命令启用。例如:

sqlite> PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;

默认情况下禁用外键约束(为了向后兼容),因此必须分别为每个数据库连接单独启用。

所以如果你这样说:

sqlite> PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;
sqlite> UPDATE artist SET artistid = 100 WHERE artistname = 'Dean Martin';

然后你会看到track你所期待的100。当然,这假设您的 SQLite 是使用 FK 支持编译的。

于 2013-04-19T02:19:15.653 回答