在阅读了连载之后,我尝试对书中提供的示例进行实验。以下代码有一些变化,这基本上是从 SCJP 书中挑选的。
import java.io.FileInputStream;
public class SerializationTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Collar c = new Collar(4);
Dog d = new Dog(c, "Sheru", 32);
FileOutputStream fos = null;
ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
try {
fos = new FileOutputStream(
"C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\NewDir\\DogState.txt");
oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
oos.writeObject(d);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
oos.close();
fos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// ***************************************************************************************************
// //
Dog restore = null;
FileInputStream fis = null;
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
fis = new FileInputStream(
"C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\NewDir\\DogState.txt");
ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
restore = (Dog) ois.readObject();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
fis.close();
ois.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("after: dog name: "+ restore.name +" , collar=" + restore.getCollar());
System.out.println("Animal material is:" + restore.getWeight());
}
}
// Intentionally added parameterized constructor so that default constructor is not called.
class Animal{
int weight = 42;
public Animal(int weight) {
this.weight = weight;
System.out.println("animal constructor");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal implements Serializable {
String name;
transient Collar collar;
public Collar getCollar() {
return collar;
}
public void setCollar(Collar collar) {
this.collar = collar;
}
public int getWeight() {
return weight;
}
public void setWeight(int weight) {
this.weight = weight;
}
public Dog(Collar collar, String name, int weight) {
super(weight);
System.out.println("Dog constructor");
this.collar = collar;
this.name = name;
}
}
class Collar {
int size;
public Collar(int size) {
System.out.println("Collar constructor");
this.size = size;
}
}
这里我的问题是为什么会发生 InvalidClassException,请解释异常的根本原因是什么。电流输出为
Collar constructor
animal constructor
Dog constructor
java.io.InvalidClassException: Dog; Dog; no valid constructor
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.checkDeserialize(Unknown Source)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(Unknown Source)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(Unknown Source)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(Unknown Source)
at SerializationTest.main(SerializationTest.java:39)
Caused by: java.io.InvalidClassException: Dog; no valid constructor
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.<init>(Unknown Source)
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.lookup(Unknown Source)
at java.io.ObjectOutputStream.writeObject0(Unknown Source)
at java.io.ObjectOutputStream.writeObject(Unknown Source)
at SerializationTest.main(SerializationTest.java:18)
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at SerializationTest.main(SerializationTest.java:54)
如果我删除 Animal 构造函数并注释掉 Dog 构造函数中的 super(weight),那么输出是
Collar constructor
Dog constructor
after: dog name: Sheru , collar=null
Animal material is:42
我理解这个输出,并且我也得到了这样一个事实,即在反序列化过程中调用了可序列化类的超类构造函数,但这里没有默认构造函数,因此发生了异常。但是我想知道为什么会发生这种异常。