当我尝试用 序列化一个巨大的对象图时DataContractSerializer，我得到一个StackOverFlowException. 将堆栈大小增加到 10 MB 可以解决我当前场景中的问题，但这当然不是真正的解决方案，因为下次对象图可能会更大。
除了尝试扁平化数据结构本身之外，还有其他方法吗？一些参数告诉DataContractSerializer做广度优先搜索？;-） 任何帮助是极大的赞赏。顺便说一句，我使用DataContractSerializer它是因为它提供了一种保持引用完整性的简单方法。保持这个会很好。:-)
鉴于 OP 不使用 WCF，一种可能的解决方案是使用XmlSerializer 类。XmlSerializer 可以提供帮助，因为您拥有更多控制权，并且您可以使用XmlAttributes来减小序列化 XML 字符串的大小。
我为 XmlSerializer 开发了一个包装器，它使用可能有用的泛型 - 请查看文章了解更多详细信息。我的类可以序列化到/从字符串或从/从文件。
用法：
Foo foo = ....;
string xml = XmlSerializer<Foo>.Serialize(foo);
XmlSerializer.cs
/// <summary>
/// XML serializer helper class. Serializes and deserializes objects from/to XML
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of the object to serialize/deserialize.
/// Must have a parameterless constructor and implement <see cref="Serializable"/></typeparam>
public class XmlSerializer<T> where T: class, new()
{
/// <summary>
/// Deserializes a XML string into an object
/// Default encoding: <c>UTF8</c>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xml">The XML string to deserialize</param>
/// <returns>An object of type <c>T</c></returns>
public static T Deserialize(string xml)
{
return Deserialize(xml, Encoding.UTF8, null);
}
/// <summary>
/// Deserializes a XML string into an object
/// Default encoding: <c>UTF8</c>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xml">The XML string to deserialize</param>
/// <param name="encoding">The encoding</param>
/// <returns>An object of type <c>T</c></returns>
public static T Deserialize(string xml, Encoding encoding)
{
return Deserialize(xml, encoding, null);
}
/// <summary>
/// Deserializes a XML string into an object
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xml">The XML string to deserialize</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlReaderSettings"/></param>
/// <returns>An object of type <c>T</c></returns>
public static T Deserialize(string xml, XmlReaderSettings settings)
{
return Deserialize(xml, Encoding.UTF8, settings);
}
/// <summary>
/// Deserializes a XML string into an object
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xml">The XML string to deserialize</param>
/// <param name="encoding">The encoding</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlReaderSettings"/></param>
/// <returns>An object of type <c>T</c></returns>
public static T Deserialize(string xml, Encoding encoding, XmlReaderSettings settings)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(xml))
throw new ArgumentException("XML cannot be null or empty", "xml");
XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(encoding.GetBytes(xml)))
{
using (XmlReader xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(memoryStream, settings))
{
return (T) xmlSerializer.Deserialize(xmlReader);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Deserializes a XML file.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename">The filename of the XML file to deserialize</param>
/// <returns>An object of type <c>T</c></returns>
public static T DeserializeFromFile(string filename)
{
return DeserializeFromFile(filename, new XmlReaderSettings());
}
/// <summary>
/// Deserializes a XML file.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename">The filename of the XML file to deserialize</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlReaderSettings"/></param>
/// <returns>An object of type <c>T</c></returns>
public static T DeserializeFromFile(string filename, XmlReaderSettings settings)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filename))
throw new ArgumentException("filename", "XML filename cannot be null or empty");
if (! File.Exists(filename))
throw new FileNotFoundException("Cannot find XML file to deserialize", filename);
// Create the stream writer with the specified encoding
using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(filename, settings))
{
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
return (T) xmlSerializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <returns>A XML string that represents the object to be serialized</returns>
public static string Serialize(T source)
{
// indented XML by default
return Serialize(source, null, GetIndentedSettings());
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="namespaces">Namespaces to include in serialization</param>
/// <returns>A XML string that represents the object to be serialized</returns>
public static string Serialize(T source, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces)
{
// indented XML by default
return Serialize(source, namespaces, GetIndentedSettings());
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlWriterSettings"/></param>
/// <returns>A XML string that represents the object to be serialized</returns>
public static string Serialize(T source, XmlWriterSettings settings)
{
return Serialize(source, null, settings);
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="namespaces">Namespaces to include in serialization</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlWriterSettings"/></param>
/// <returns>A XML string that represents the object to be serialized</returns>
public static string Serialize(T source, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces, XmlWriterSettings settings)
{
if (source == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("source", "Object to serialize cannot be null");
string xml = null;
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(source.GetType());
using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(memoryStream, settings))
{
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer x = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
x.Serialize(xmlWriter, source, namespaces);
memoryStream.Position = 0; // rewind the stream before reading back.
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(memoryStream))
{
xml = sr.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
return xml;
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object to a XML file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="filename">The file to generate</param>
public static void SerializeToFile(T source, string filename)
{
// indented XML by default
SerializeToFile(source, filename, null, GetIndentedSettings());
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object to a XML file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="filename">The file to generate</param>
/// <param name="namespaces">Namespaces to include in serialization</param>
public static void SerializeToFile(T source, string filename, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces)
{
// indented XML by default
SerializeToFile(source, filename, namespaces, GetIndentedSettings());
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object to a XML file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="filename">The file to generate</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlWriterSettings"/></param>
public static void SerializeToFile(T source, string filename, XmlWriterSettings settings)
{
SerializeToFile(source, filename, null, settings);
}
/// <summary>
/// Serialize an object to a XML file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">The object to serialize</param>
/// <param name="filename">The file to generate</param>
/// <param name="namespaces">Namespaces to include in serialization</param>
/// <param name="settings">XML serialization settings. <see cref="System.Xml.XmlWriterSettings"/></param>
public static void SerializeToFile(T source, string filename, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces, XmlWriterSettings settings)
{
if (source == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("source", "Object to serialize cannot be null");
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(source.GetType());
using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(filename, settings))
{
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer x = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
x.Serialize(xmlWriter, source, namespaces);
}
}
#region Private methods
private static XmlWriterSettings GetIndentedSettings()
{
XmlWriterSettings xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings();
xmlWriterSettings.Indent = true;
xmlWriterSettings.IndentChars = "\t";
return xmlWriterSettings;
}
#endregion
}