我有一个行为不同的变量,具体取决于我在同一函数中声明的位置。我想了解正在发生的事情。
在这个函数中,我在两个地方都包含了变量声明和初始化,这两个地方产生了不同的结果,只是为了说明正在发生的事情。当我运行程序时,我没有在任何一个地方两次声明变量,只有一次。
我指的是变量 temp,我已经评论了场景 1 和场景 2
C 函数
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
// ensure proper usage
if (argc != 4) // we need four arguments
{
printf("Usage: copy infile outfile\n");
return 1;
}
// remember filenames
char* infile = argv[2];
char* outfile = argv[3];
// the factor
int n = argv[1][0] - '0';
// SCENARIO 1) HERE HERE HERE HERE THIS IS THE VARIABLE I AM DISCUSSING!!!!!!!
-> int temp = n; // WHEN DECLARED HERE AND INITIALIZED AT TIME OF CREATION
// gdb displays its value equal to the value of n
// open input file
FILE* inptr = fopen(infile, "r");
if (inptr == NULL)
{
printf("Could not open %s.\n", infile);
return 2;
}
// open output file
FILE* outptr = fopen(outfile, "w");
if (outptr == NULL)
{
fclose(inptr);
fprintf(stderr, "Could not create %s.\n", outfile);
return 3;
}
// read infile's BITMAPFILEHEADER
BITMAPFILEHEADER bf;
fread(&bf, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, inptr);
// read infile's BITMAPINFOHEADER
BITMAPINFOHEADER bi;
fread(&bi, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, inptr);
// ensure infile is (likely) a 24-bit uncompressed BMP 4.0
if (bf.bfType != 0x4d42 || bf.bfOffBits != 54 || bi.biSize != 40 ||
bi.biBitCount != 24 || bi.biCompression != 0)
{
fclose(outptr);
fclose(inptr);
fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported file format.\n");
return 4;
}
//gdb break to check the previous values
// SCENARIO 2) HERE HERE HERE HERE THIS IS THE VARIABLE I AM DISCUSSING!!!!!!!!
-> int temp = n; // WHEN DECLARED HERE AND INITIALIZED THE VARIABLE HERE
// gdb displays its value equal to 0 and not n
// write outfile's BITMAPFILEHEADER
fwrite(&bf, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, outptr);
// write outfile's BITMAPINFOHEADER
fwrite(&bi, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, outptr);
// determine padding for scanlines
int padding = (4 - (bi.biWidth * sizeof(RGBTRIPLE)) % 4) % 4;
//gdb break to check the new values
// iterate over infile's scanlines
for (int i = 0, biHeight = abs(bi.biHeight); i < biHeight; i++)
{
// iterate over pixels in scanline
for (int j = 0; j < bi.biWidth; j++)
{
// temporary storage
RGBTRIPLE triple;
// read RGB triple from infile
fread(&triple, sizeof(RGBTRIPLE), 1, inptr);
// write RGB triple to outfile
fwrite(&triple, sizeof(RGBTRIPLE), 1, outptr);
}
// skip over padding, if any
fseek(inptr, padding, SEEK_CUR);
// then add it back (to demonstrate how)
for (int k = 0; k < padding; k++)
fputc(0x00, outptr);
}
// close infile
fclose(inptr);
// close outfile
fclose(outptr);
// that's all folks
return 0;
}
当代码以任何方式更改 n 或 temp 时,为什么我会得到不同的值?