我有一个数组,我想搜索字符串'green'
。所以在这种情况下它应该返回$arr[2]
$arr = array(0 => 'blue', 1 => 'red', 2 => 'green string', 3 => 'red');
有没有像 in_array() 这样的预定义函数来完成这项工作,而不是遍历它并比较每个值?
对于部分匹配,您可以迭代数组并使用类似strpos()的字符串搜索函数。
function array_search_partial($arr, $keyword) {
foreach($arr as $index => $string) {
if (strpos($string, $keyword) !== FALSE)
return $index;
}
}
对于完全匹配,使用in_array()
in_array('green', $arr)
您可以使用 php 的 preg_grep 函数。它在 PHP >= 4.0.5 中受支持。
$array = array(0 => 'blue', 1 => 'red', 2 => 'green string', 3 => 'red');
$m_array = preg_grep('/^green\s.*/', $array);
$m_array
包含数组的匹配元素。
有几种方法...
$arr = array(0 => 'blue', 1 => 'red', 2 => 'green string', 3 => 'red');
使用循环搜索数组:
$results = array();
foreach ($arr as $value) {
if (strpos($value, 'green') !== false) { $results[] = $value; }
}
if( empty($results) ) { echo 'No matches found.'; }
else { echo "'green' was found in: " . implode('; ', $results); }
使用 array_filter():
$results = array_filter($arr, function($value) {
return strpos($value, 'green') !== false;
});
为了将闭包与其他参数一起使用,需要使用use
-keyword。所以你可以抽象它并将它包装成一个函数:
function find_string_in_array ($arr, $string) {
return array_filter($arr, function($value) use ($string) {
return strpos($value, $string) !== false;
});
}
$results = find_string_in_array ($arr, 'green');
if( empty($results) ) { echo 'No matches found.'; }
else { echo "'green' was found in: " . implode('; ', $results); }
这是一个工作示例:http ://codepad.viper-7.com/xZtnN7
PHP 5.3+
array_walk($arr, function($item, $key) {
if(strpos($item, 'green') !== false) {
echo 'Found in: ' . $item . ', with key: ' . $key;
}
});
对于使用 '%needle%' 的类似 sql 进行搜索,您可以尝试使用
$input = preg_quote('gree', '~'); // don't forget to quote input string!
$data = array(
1 => 'orange',
2 => 'green string',
3 => 'green',
4 => 'red',
5 => 'black'
);
$result = preg_filter('~' . $input . '~', null, $data);
结果是
{
"2": " string",
"3": ""
}
function check($string)
{
foreach($arr as $a) {
if(strpos($a,$string) !== false) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
function findStr($arr, $str)
{
foreach ($arr as &$s)
{
if(strpos($s, $str) !== false)
return $s;
}
return "";
}
You can change the return value to the corresponding index number with a little modification if you want, but since you said "...return the $arr[2]" I wrote it to return the value instead.
在整个数组中快速搜索一个短语可能是这样的:
if (preg_match("/search/is", var_export($arr, true))) {
// match
}
为了找出数组中是否存在 UTF-8 不区分大小写的子字符串,我发现这种方法比使用 mb_strtolower 或 mb_convert_case 快得多:
将数组内爆成一个字符串:$imploded=implode(" ", $myarray); .
使用自定义函数将内爆字符串转换为小写: $lowercased_imploded = to_lower_case($imploded);
函数 to_lower_case($str) {
$from_array=["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L ","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X", "Y","Z","Ä","Ö","Ü","Õ","Ž","Š"];
$to_array=["a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l ","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x", "y","z","ä","ö","ü","õ","ž","š"];
foreach($from_array as $key=>$val){$str=str_replace($val, $to_array[$key], $str);}
返回 $str;
}
这是一个用于普通或多维数组的函数。
这是代码(版本1):
function array_find($needle, array $haystack, $column = null) {
if(is_array($haystack[0]) === true) { // check for multidimentional array
foreach (array_column($haystack, $column) as $key => $value) {
if (strpos(strtolower($value), strtolower($needle)) !== false) {
return $key;
}
}
} else {
foreach ($haystack as $key => $value) { // for normal array
if (strpos(strtolower($value), strtolower($needle)) !== false) {
return $key;
}
}
}
return false;
}
这是一个例子:
$multiArray = array(
0 => array(
'name' => 'kevin',
'hobbies' => 'Football / Cricket'),
1 => array(
'name' => 'tom',
'hobbies' => 'tennis'),
2 => array(
'name' => 'alex',
'hobbies' => 'Golf, Softball')
);
$singleArray = array(
0 => 'Tennis',
1 => 'Cricket',
);
echo "key is - ". array_find('cricket', $singleArray); // returns - key is - 1
echo "key is - ". array_find('cricket', $multiArray, 'hobbies'); // returns - key is - 0
仅适用于多维数组 - $column 与每个数组中的键名相关。如果 $needle 出现不止一次,我建议添加到此以将每个键添加到数组中。
如果您期望多个匹配项(版本 2) ,这是一个示例:
function array_find($needle, array $haystack, $column = null) {
$keyArray = array();
if(is_array($haystack[0]) === true) { // for multidimentional array
foreach (array_column($haystack, $column) as $key => $value) {
if (strpos(strtolower($value), strtolower($needle)) !== false) {
$keyArray[] = $key;
}
}
} else {
foreach ($haystack as $key => $value) { // for normal array
if (strpos(strtolower($value), strtolower($needle)) !== false) {
$keyArray[] = $key;
}
}
}
if(empty($keyArray)) {
return false;
}
if(count($keyArray) == 1) {
return $keyArray[0];
} else {
return $keyArray;
}
}
如果它只有一个匹配项,则返回键,但如果 $needle 在任何 $column 内有多个匹配项,则它将返回匹配键的数组。
希望这可以帮助 :)
<?php
$a=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue");
echo array_search("red",$a);
?>
我有同样的问题,所以试试这个......