27

我不确定如何模拟枚举单例类。

public enum SingletonObject{
  INSTANCE;
  private int num;

  protected setNum(int num) {
    this.num = num;
  }

  public int getNum() {
    return num;
  }

我想在上面的例子中存根 getNum(),但我不知道如何模拟实际的 SingletonObject 类。我认为使用 Powermock 来准备测试会有所帮助,因为枚举本质上是最终的。

//... rest of test code
@Test
public void test() {
  PowerMockito.mock(SingletonObject.class);
  when(SingletonObject.INSTANCE.getNum()).thenReturn(1); //does not work
}

这是使用 PowerMockMockito 1.4.10 和 Mockito 1.8.5。

4

5 回答 5

32

如果你想删除 INSTANCE 返回的内容,你可以这样做,但它有点讨厌(使用反射和字节码操作)。我使用 PowerMock 1.4.12 / Mockito 1.9.0 创建并测试了一个包含三个类的简单项目。所有类都在同一个包中。

SingletonObject.java

public enum SingletonObject {
    INSTANCE;
    private int num;

    protected void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }

    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }
}

SingletonConsumer.java

public class SingletonConsumer {
    public String consumeSingletonObject() {
        return String.valueOf(SingletonObject.INSTANCE.getNum());
    }
}

SingletonConsumerTest.java

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.*;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
import org.powermock.reflect.Whitebox;

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({SingletonObject.class})
public class SingletonConsumerTest {
    @Test
    public void testConsumeSingletonObject() throws Exception {
        SingletonObject mockInstance = mock(SingletonObject.class);
        Whitebox.setInternalState(SingletonObject.class, "INSTANCE", mockInstance);

        when(mockInstance.getNum()).thenReturn(42);

        assertEquals("42", new SingletonConsumer().consumeSingletonObject());
    }
}

调用Whitebox.setInternalState替换INSTANCE为您可以在测试中操作的模拟对象。

于 2013-05-22T19:26:36.053 回答
1

与您打算模拟的方法有一个接口

public interface SingletonInterface {
  int getNum();
}

让枚举实现接口

public enum SingletonObject implements SingletonInterface {
    INSTANCE;
    private int num;

    protected void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }

    @Override
    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }
}

模拟界面

@Test
public void test() {
  SingletonInterface singleton = Mockito.mock(SingletonInterface.class);
  when(singleton.getNum()).thenReturn(1); //does work
}
于 2019-05-04T18:52:27.417 回答
0

Mockito文档在枚举用例上没有明确说明:

Powermock 支持:

  • 与JUnit 4兼容

build.gradle ( **也应该与Maven一起使用)

    testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.8.1'
    testRuntimeOnly 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.8.1'
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-inline:4.0.0'
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:4.1.0'

至于可用的实验功能(Powermock + JUnit 5),可以尝试一下:

    implementation group: 'org.powermock', name: 'powermock-module-junit5', version: '1.6.4'
    testImplementation 'org.powermock:powermock-mockito-release-full:1.6.4'

枚举:

public enum ConnectionFactory {
   INSTANCE;

   public Connection get() throws SQLException {
      //
      // Load url from configuration file  ('application.yml')
      //
      final var connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url);
      connection.setAutoCommit(false);

      return connection;
   }
}

可以使用这些方法:

class DatabaseUnitTests {

   private final ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = Mockito.spy(ConnectionFactory.INSTANCE);


   //Or

   @InjectMocks
   private final ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = Mockito.mock(ConnectionFactory.class);


   @Test
   void check_is_database_connection_is_OK(){
      Mockito.doReturn(mockedConnection()).when(connectionFactory).get();
       
      // Do something
   }

于 2021-12-02T17:45:28.617 回答
0

我不确定这是否是最好的方法,但就我而言,到目前为止它运行良好。我正在使用 mockito-core 和 mockito-inline (3.11.0),我在间谍的帮助下嘲笑我的单身人士。您的班级示例:

SingletonObject so = SingletonObject.INSTANCE;
private SingletonObject spySo = Mockito.spy(so);

@Before
public void setUp() {
    Mockito.doReturn(10).when(spySo).getNum();
}

@Test
public void simpleTest() {
    assertThat(spySo.getNum(), is(10));
}
于 2021-06-14T14:31:01.420 回答
0

除了上面的 Matt Lachman 回答之外,在中为 power mock 创建一个对象工厂SingleTonConsumerTest.class

@ObjectFactory
public IObjectFactory getObjectFactory() {
    return new org.powermock.modules.testng.PowerMockObjectFactory();
}

这将消除Mockito cannot mock/spy following: - final classes - anonymous classes - primitive types错误。

于 2020-06-15T12:24:07.753 回答