3

背景

我正在尝试用 python 编写一个基本的字母游戏。在游戏中，计算机版主从可能的单词列表中挑选一个单词。每个玩家（计算机 AI 和人类）都会看到一系列空白，每个字母对应一个单词。然后每个玩家猜测一个字母和一个位置，并被告知以下内容之一：

那个字母属于那个位置（最好的结果）那个字母在那个单词中，但不在那个位置那个字母不在任何剩余的空白处当单词完全显示时，玩家猜对最多的字母赢得一分。电脑版主又选了一个词，重新开始。第一个获得五分的玩家赢得比赛。在基本游戏中，两个玩家共享他们正在填写的同一组空白，因此玩家可以从彼此的工作中受益。

问题

我现在正在研究计算机 AI 部分（代码的底部）。我希望它从尚未猜到的字母列表中选择一个随机字母。最好的方法是什么？

import random

#set initial values
player1points= 0
ai= 0
userCorrectLetters= ''
aiCorrectLetters=''
wrongPlace=''
wrongLetters=''
correctLetters = ''
notInWord = ''
endGame = False
alreadyGuessed = 'a'
userGuessPosition = 0

###import wordlist, create mask
with open('/Users/jamyn/Documents/workspace/Lab3/Lab3/wordlist.txt') as wordList:
    secretWord = random.choice(wordList.readlines()).strip()

print (secretWord) 
mask = '_'  * len(secretWord)
for i in range (len(secretWord)):
    if secretWord[i] in correctLetters:
        mask = mask[:i] + secretWord[i] + mask [i+1:]
for letter in mask:
    print (letter, end='')
    print ()

print ()


def addAlreadyGuessed():
    alreadyGuessed= userCorrectLetters + aiCorrectLetters + wrongLetters + correctLetters

def displayGame():
    print ('letters are in word but not in correct location:', wrongPlace)
    print ('letters not in word:', notInWord)
    ##asks the user for a guess, assigns input to variable
def getUserGuess(alreadyGuessed):


    while True:
        print ('enter your letter')
        userGuess = input ()
        userGuess= userGuess.lower()
        if len(userGuess) != 1:
            print ('please enter only one letter')
        elif userGuess in alreadyGuessed:
            print ('that letter has already been guessed. try again')
        elif userGuess not in 'abcdefjhijklmnopqrstuvwxyz':
            print ('only letters are acceptable guesses. try again.')
        else:
            return userGuess

def newGame():
    print ('yay. that was great. do you want to play again? answer yes or no.')
    return input().lower().startswith('y')


userTurn=True     
while userTurn == True:
    print ('which character place would you like to guess. Enter number?')
    userGuessPosition = int(input())

    slice1 = userGuessPosition - 1  
    print (secretWord)  


    ##player types in letter
    guess = getUserGuess(wrongLetters + correctLetters)
    if guess== (secretWord[slice1:userGuessPosition]):
        correctLetters = correctLetters + guess
        print ('you got it right! ')
        break
    elif guess in secretWord:
            userCorrectLetters = userCorrectLetters + guess 
            correctLetters = correctLetters + guess
            print ('that letter is in the word, but not in that position')
            break
    else:
            wrongLetters = wrongLetters + guess
            print ('nope. that letter is not in the word')
            break

print ('its the computers turn')

aiTurn=True

while aiTurn == True:
    aiGuess=random.choice('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')
    print (aiGuess)
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1 回答 1

5

使用 pythons 集合，保留一个包含所有 26 个字母的集合，以及猜测的集合，然后只询问大集合中不在较大集合中的元素http://docs.python.org/2/library /sets.html ...然后从该结果中提取您的随机选择

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
usedletters = set() # update this as you go
availletters = allletters.difference(usedletters) #s - t    new set with elements in s but not in t

打印出很好的集合，你可以做

print sorted(availletters)

或者

print ', '.join(sorted(availletters))

回答您对添加猜测的跟进，这是一个简单的示例

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
usedletters = set() # update this as you go
while( len(usedletters) != len(allletters) ):
    guessedletter = raw_input("pick a letter")
    availletters = allletters.difference(usedletters)
    usedletters.update(guessedletter)

您也可以只列出一个列表并减去猜到的字母，例如：

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
while( len(usedletters) != len(allletters) ):
    guessedletter = raw_input("pick a letter")
    allletters.difference_update(guessedletter)
于 2013-04-05T13:14:12.150 回答