30

尝试执行以下操作...

from lxml import etree
from lxml.etree import fromstring

if request.POST:
    parser = etree.XMLParser(ns_clean=True, recover=True)
    h = fromstring(request.POST['xml'], parser=parser)
    return HttpResponse(h.cssselect('itagg_delivery_receipt status').text_content())

但它给出了这个错误：

[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error] Internal Server Error: /sms/status_postback/
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 115, in get_response
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]     response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 77, in wrapped_view
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]     return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]   File "/srv/project/livewireSMS/sms/views.py", line 42, in update_delivery_status
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]     h = fromstring(request.POST['xml'], parser=parser)
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]   File "lxml.etree.pyx", line 2754, in lxml.etree.fromstring (src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:54631)
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error]   File "parser.pxi", line 1569, in lxml.etree._parseMemoryDocument (src/lxml/lxml.etree.c:82659)
[Fri Apr 05 10:27:54 2013] [error] ValueError: Unicode strings with encoding declaration are not supported.

这是 XML

 <?xml version="1.1" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<itagg_delivery_receipt>
<version>1.0</version>
<msisdn>447889000000</msisdn>
<submission_ref>
845tgrgsehg394g3hdfhhh56445y7ts6</
submission_ref>
<status>Delivered</status>
<reason>4</reason>
<timestamp>20050709120945</timestamp>
<retry>0</retry>
</itagg_delivery_receipt>

我无法控制来自 SMS 公司的 xml 文档。

4

3 回答 3

39

您必须对其进行编码，然后在解析器中强制使用相同的编码：

from lxml import etree
from lxml.etree import fromstring

if request.POST:
    xml = request.POST['xml'].encode('utf-8')
    parser = etree.XMLParser(ns_clean=True, recover=True, encoding='utf-8')
    h = fromstring(xml, parser=parser)

    return HttpResponse(h.cssselect('delivery_reciept status').text_content())
于 2013-04-05T09:41:30.573 回答
19

kernc的以下解决方案对我有用：

from lxml import etree

xml = u'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><foo><bar/></foo>'
xml = bytes(bytearray(xml, encoding='utf-8'))  # ADDENDUM OF THIS LINE (when unicode means utf-8, e.g. on Linux)
etree.XML(xml)

# <Element html at 0x5b44c90>
于 2016-07-07T11:24:07.267 回答
14

比上面的答案更简单：

from lxml import etree

#Do request for data, response = r#
data = etree.fromstring(bytes(r.text, encoding='utf-8'))

抱歉，当时我还年轻，愚蠢，还不够成熟，无法努力解释我的答案（我也没有真正的知识）

  • fromstring()是作为库etree一部分的对象的自定义构造函数lxml
  • 字符串形式的 XML 可能包含未编码的字符，该构造函数希望它们如何编码 -> 因此您可以将它们编码为utf-8字节，这将符合fromstring()构造函数的要求
于 2019-04-23T06:10:05.207 回答