我有一个单例类，它使用 GCD（Grand Central Dispatch）队列在后台将 JSON 对象保存到 CoreData 数据库。这在大多数情况下都能完美运行，但在 iPad 2 和 iPad Mini 设备上，我遇到了一些进程冻结问题。
我的设置非常简单。我有一个设置为串行运行的后台调度队列 (backgroundQueue)，并且我有一个单独的 NSManagedObjectContext 实例用于后台队列。当我想将某些内容保存到数据库时，我调用开始保存过程的方法，在该方法中，我使用 dispatch_async 在后台线程上调用我的保存逻辑。
一旦所有处理逻辑都运行完毕，我保存后台 MOC，并使用 NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification 将后台 MOC 的更改合并到主线程 MOC。后台线程等待此完成，一旦完成，它将运行队列中的下一个块（如果有）。下面是我的代码。
dispatch_queue_t backgroundQueue;
- (id)init
{
if (self = [super init])
{
// init the background queue
backgroundQueue = dispatch_queue_create(VS_CORE_DATA_MANAGER_BACKGROUND_QUEUE_NAME, DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
}
return self;
}
- (void)saveJsonObjects:(NSDictionary *)jsonDict
objectMapping:(VS_ObjectMapping *)objectMapping
class:(__unsafe_unretained Class)managedObjectClass
completion:(void (^)(NSArray *objects, NSError *error))completion
{
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Queue Save JSON Objects for Class: %@", managedObjectClass];
// process in the background queue
dispatch_async(backgroundQueue, ^(void)
{
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Dispatch Save JSON Objects for Class: %@", managedObjectClass];
// create a new process object and add it to the dictionary
currentRequest = [[VS_CoreDataRequest alloc] init];
// set the thead name
NSThread *currentThread = [NSThread currentThread];
[currentThread setName:VS_CORE_DATA_MANAGER_BACKGROUND_THREAD_NAME];
// if there is not already a background context, then create one
if (!_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext)
{
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
if (coordinator != nil)
{
// create the background queue
_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
[_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];
[_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext.undoManager = nil;
// listen for the merge changes from context did save notification on the background queue
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(mergeChangesFromBackground:) name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification object:_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext];
}
}
// save the JSON dictionary
NSArray *objects = [self saveJSON:jsonDict objectMapping:objectMapping class:managedObjectClass managedObjectContext:_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext level:0];
// save the objects so we can access them later to be re-fetched and returned on the main thread
if (objects.count > 0)
[currentRequest.objects addObjectsFromArray:objects];
// save the object IDs and the completion block to global variables so we can access them after the save
if (completion)
currentRequest.completionBlock = completion;
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Save MOC for Class: %@", managedObjectClass];
// save all changes object context
[self saveManagedObjectContext];
});
}
- (void)mergeChangesFromBackground:(NSNotification *)notification
{
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Merge Changes From Background"];
// save the current request to a local var since we're about to be processing it on the main thread
__block VS_CoreDataRequest *request = (VS_CoreDataRequest *)[currentRequest copy];
__block NSNotification *bNotification = (NSNotification *)[notification copy];
// clear out the request
currentRequest = nil;
dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(void)
{
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Start Merge Changes On Main Thread"];
// merge changes to the primary context, and wait for the action to complete on the main thread
[_managedObjectContext mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:bNotification];
NSMutableArray *objects = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
// iterate through the updated objects and find them in the main thread MOC
for (NSManagedObject *object in request.objects)
{
NSError *error;
NSManagedObject *obj = [[self managedObjectContext] existingObjectWithID:object.objectID error:&error];
if (error)
[self logError:error];
if (obj)
[objects addObject:obj];
}
// call the completion block
if (request.completionBlock)
{
void (^saveCompletionBlock)(NSArray *, NSError *) = request.completionBlock;
saveCompletionBlock(objects, nil);
}
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Complete Merge Changes On Main Thread"];
// clear the request
request = nil;
});
[VS_Log logDebug:@"**** Complete Merge Changes From Background"];
}
当问题发生时，一切似乎都运行良好，它进入了 mergeChangesFromBackground: 方法，但没有调用 dispatch_async()。
正如我上面提到的，代码在大多数情况下都能完美运行。只有当我在 iPad 2 或 iPad Mini 上测试并保存大型对象时才会出现问题。
有没有人知道为什么会这样？
谢谢
** 编辑 **
自从写这篇文章以来，我已经了解了嵌套的 NSManagedObjectContexts。我已经修改了我的代码以使用它，它似乎运行良好。但是，我仍然有同样的问题。想法？另外，对嵌套 MOC 有何评论？
- (void)saveJsonObjects:(NSDictionary *)jsonDict
objectMapping:(VS_ObjectMapping *)objectMapping
class:(__unsafe_unretained Class)managedObjectClass
completion:(void (^)(NSArray *objects, NSError *error))completion
{
// process in the background queue
dispatch_async(backgroundQueue, ^(void)
{
// create a new process object and add it to the dictionary
__block VS_CoreDataRequest *currentRequest = [[VS_CoreDataRequest alloc] init];
// set the thead name
NSThread *currentThread = [NSThread currentThread];
[currentThread setName:VS_CORE_DATA_MANAGER_BACKGROUND_THREAD_NAME];
// if there is not already a background context, then create one
if (!_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext)
{
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
if (coordinator != nil)
{
// create the background queue
_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSPrivateQueueConcurrencyType];
[_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext setParentContext:[self managedObjectContext]];
[_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext.undoManager = nil;
}
}
// save the JSON dictionary starting at the upper most level of the key path
NSArray *objects = [self saveJSON:jsonDict objectMapping:objectMapping class:managedObjectClass managedObjectContext:_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext level:0];
// if no objects were processed, then return with an error
if (!objects || objects.count == 0)
{
currentRequest = nil;
// dispatch the completion block
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(void)
{
NSError *error = [self createErrorWithErrorCode:100 description:@"No objects were found for the object mapping"];
[self logMessage:error.debugDescription];
completion(nil, error);
});
}
// save the objects so we can access them later to be re-fetched and returned on the main thread
if (objects.count > 0)
[currentRequest.objects addObjectsFromArray:objects];
// save the object IDs and the completion block to global variables so we can access them after the save
if (completion)
currentRequest.completionBlock = completion;
// save all changes object context
NSError *error = nil;
[_backgroundQueueManagedObjectContext save:&error];
if (error)
[VS_Log logError:error.localizedDescription];
dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(void)
{
NSMutableArray *objects = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
// iterate through the updated objects and find them in the main thread MOC
for (NSManagedObject *object in currentRequest.objects)
{
NSError *error;
NSManagedObject *obj = [[self managedObjectContext] existingObjectWithID:object.objectID error:&error];
if (error)
[self logError:error];
if (obj)
[objects addObject:obj];
}
// call the completion block
if (currentRequest.completionBlock)
{
void (^saveCompletionBlock)(NSArray *, NSError *) = currentRequest.completionBlock;
saveCompletionBlock(objects, nil);
}
});
// clear out the request
currentRequest = nil;
});
}
** 编辑 **
嗨，大家好，
我首先要感谢大家对此的意见，因为这就是我找到解决问题的方法的原因。长话短说，我完全放弃了使用 GCD 和自定义后台队列，而是现在使用嵌套上下文和“performBlock”方法在后台线程上执行所有保存。这很好用，我提出了挂断问题。
但是，我现在有一个新错误。每当我第一次运行我的应用程序时，每当我尝试保存具有子对象关系的对象时，都会出现以下异常。
-_referenceData64 仅为抽象类定义。定义 -[NSTemporaryObjectID_default _referenceData64]！
下面是我的新代码。
- (void)saveJsonObjects:(NSDictionary *)jsonDict
objectMapping:(VS_ObjectMapping *)objectMapping
class:(__unsafe_unretained Class)managedObjectClass
completion:(void (^)(NSArray *objects, NSError *error))completion
{
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext performBlock:^(void)
{
// create a new process object and add it to the dictionary
VS_CoreDataRequest *currentRequest = [[VS_CoreDataRequest alloc] init];
currentRequest.managedObjectClass = managedObjectClass;
// save the JSON dictionary starting at the upper most level of the key path
NSArray *objects = [self saveJSON:jsonDict objectMapping:objectMapping class:managedObjectClass managedObjectContext:_backgroundManagedObjectContext level:0];
if (objects.count == 0)
{
currentRequest.error = [self createErrorWithErrorCode:100 description:@"No objects were found for the object mapping"];
[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(backgroundSaveProcessDidFail:) withObject:currentRequest waitUntilDone:NO];
}
else
{
// save the objects so we can access them later to be re-fetched and returned on the main thread
[currentRequest.objects addObjectsFromArray:objects];
// save the object IDs and the completion block to global variables so we can access them after the save
currentRequest.completionBlock = completion;
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext lock];
@try
{
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext processPendingChanges];
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext save:nil];
}
@catch (NSException *exception)
{
currentRequest.error = [self createErrorWithErrorCode:100 description:exception.reason];
}
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext unlock];
// complete the process on the main thread
if (currentRequest.error)
[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(backgroundSaveProcessDidFail:) withObject:currentRequest waitUntilDone:NO];
else
[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(backgroundSaveProcessDidSucceed:) withObject:currentRequest waitUntilDone:NO];
// clear out the request
currentRequest = nil;
}
}];
}
- (void)backgroundSaveProcessDidFail:(VS_CoreDataRequest *)request
{
if (request.error)
[self logError:request.error];
if (request.completionBlock)
{
void (^saveCompletionBlock)(NSArray *, NSError *) = request.completionBlock;
saveCompletionBlock(nil, request.error);
}
}
- (void)backgroundSaveProcessDidSucceed:(VS_CoreDataRequest *)request
{
// get objects from main thread
NSArray *objects = nil;
if (request.objects.count > 0)
{
NSFetchRequest *fetchReq = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", request.managedObjectClass]];
fetchReq.predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"self IN %@", request.objects];
objects = [self executeFetchRequest:fetchReq];
}
// call the completion block
if (request.completionBlock)
{
void (^saveCompletionBlock)(NSArray *, NSError *) = request.completionBlock;
saveCompletionBlock(objects, nil);
}
}
- (NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext
{
if (_managedObjectContext != nil) {
return _managedObjectContext;
}
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
if (coordinator != nil)
{
// create the MOC for the backgroumd thread
_backgroundManagedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSPrivateQueueConcurrencyType];
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];
[_backgroundManagedObjectContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
_backgroundManagedObjectContext.undoManager = nil;
// create the MOC for the main thread
_managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSMainQueueConcurrencyType];
[_managedObjectContext setParentContext:_backgroundManagedObjectContext];
[_managedObjectContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
}
return _managedObjectContext;
}
你们中有人知道为什么会发生这种崩溃吗？