我将图表示为 a std::vector<std::unordered_set<unsigned>> neighbors
,也就是说,顶点是整数,并且对于每个顶点,我们保留一组它的邻居。因此,要走所有边缘,我会做类似的事情
for (unsigned u = 0; u < neighbors.size(); ++u)
for (unsigned v : neighbors[u])
if (u <= v)
std::cout << u << ' ' << v << std::endl;
现在,我希望能够从
for (auto e: g.edges())
std::cout << e.first << ' ' << e.second << std::endl;
whereg
来自封装neighbors
向量的类。
然而,我尝试的一切似乎都非常复杂,我能想到的最好的版本有 50 行,很难看出它是正确的。有没有一种简单的方法可以做到这一点?
这是我的丑陋版本:
#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
typedef unsigned Vertex;
class Graph {
public:
typedef std::unordered_set<Vertex> Neighbors;
std::size_t numVertices() const { return neighbors_.size(); }
Graph(std::size_t n = 0) : neighbors_(n) { }
void addEdge(Vertex u, Vertex v) {
neighbors_[u].insert(v);
neighbors_[v].insert(u);
}
class EdgeIter {
friend Graph;
public:
bool operator!=(const EdgeIter& other) { return u_ != other.u_; }
void operator++() {
do {
++it_;
while (it_ == it_end_) {
u_++;
if (u_ >= neighbors_.size())
break;
it_ = neighbors_[u_].cbegin();
it_end_ = neighbors_[u_].cend();
}
} while (u_ < neighbors_.size() && *it_ < u_);
}
std::pair<Vertex, Vertex> operator*() { return {u_, *it_}; }
private:
EdgeIter(const std::vector<std::unordered_set<Vertex> >& neighbors, size_t u)
: u_(u), neighbors_(neighbors) {
if (u < neighbors_.size()) {
it_ = neighbors_[u_].cbegin();
it_end_ = neighbors_[u_].cend();
while (it_ == it_end_) {
u_++;
if (u_ >= neighbors_.size())
break;
it_ = neighbors_[u_].cbegin();
it_end_ = neighbors_[u_].cend();
}
}
}
Vertex u_;
const std::vector<std::unordered_set<Vertex> >& neighbors_;
std::unordered_set<Vertex>::const_iterator it_, it_end_;
};
EdgeIter edgesBegin() const { return EdgeIter(neighbors_, 0); }
EdgeIter edgesEnd() const { return EdgeIter(neighbors_, neighbors_.size()); }
class Edges {
public:
Edges(const Graph& g) : g_(g) { }
EdgeIter begin() const { return g_.edgesBegin(); }
EdgeIter end () const { return g_.edgesEnd(); }
private:
const Graph& g_;
};
Edges edges() { return Edges(*this); }
std::vector<Neighbors> neighbors_;
};
int main() {
Graph g(5);
g.addEdge(1, 2);
g.addEdge(2, 3);
g.addEdge(1, 3);
for (unsigned u = 0; u < g.numVertices(); ++u)
for (unsigned v : g.neighbors_[u])
if (u <= v)
std::cout << u << ' ' << v << std::endl;
for (auto e: g.edges())
std::cout << e.first << ' ' << e.second << std::endl;
}