相对较新的库xray [1] 具有完全符合您要求的结构Dataset
。DataArray
这是我对您的问题的看法,以IPython会话的形式编写:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> import xray
>>> ## Prepare data:
>>> #
>>> point = {'x': np.array(-0.47652306228698005),
... 'y': np.array([[-0.41809043],
... [ 0.48407823]])}
>>> points = 10 * [point]
>>> ## Convert to Xray DataArrays:
>>> #
>>> list_x = [p['x'] for p in points]
>>> list_y = [p['y'] for p in points]
>>> da_x = xray.DataArray(list_x, [('x', range(len(list_x)))])
>>> da_y = xray.DataArray(list_y, [
... ('x', range(len(list_y))),
... ('y0', range(2)),
... ('y1', [0]),
... ])
DataArray
这是我们迄今为止构建的两个实例:
>>> print(da_x)
<xray.DataArray (x: 10)>
array([-0.47652306, -0.47652306, -0.47652306, -0.47652306, -0.47652306,
-0.47652306, -0.47652306, -0.47652306, -0.47652306, -0.47652306])
Coordinates:
* x (x) int32 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
>>> print(da_y.T) ## Transposed, to save lines.
<xray.DataArray (y1: 1, y0: 2, x: 10)>
array([[[-0.41809043, -0.41809043, -0.41809043, -0.41809043, -0.41809043,
-0.41809043, -0.41809043, -0.41809043, -0.41809043, -0.41809043],
[ 0.48407823, 0.48407823, 0.48407823, 0.48407823, 0.48407823,
0.48407823, 0.48407823, 0.48407823, 0.48407823, 0.48407823]]])
Coordinates:
* x (x) int32 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
* y0 (y0) int32 0 1
* y1 (y1) int32 0
我们现在可以将这两个DataArray
在它们的共同x
维度上合并成一个DataSet
:
>>> ds = xray.Dataset({'X':da_x, 'Y':da_y})
>>> print(ds)
<xray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (x: 10, y0: 2, y1: 1)
Coordinates:
* x (x) int32 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
* y0 (y0) int32 0 1
* y1 (y1) int32 0
Data variables:
X (x) float64 -0.4765 -0.4765 -0.4765 -0.4765 -0.4765 -0.4765 -0.4765 ...
Y (x, y0, y1) float64 -0.4181 0.4841 -0.4181 0.4841 -0.4181 0.4841 -0.4181 ...
我们最终可以按照您想要的方式访问和汇总数据:
>>> ds['X'].sum()
<xray.DataArray 'X' ()>
array(-4.765230622869801)
>>> ds['Y'].sum()
<xray.DataArray 'Y' ()>
array(0.659878)
>>> ds['Y'].sum(axis=1)
<xray.DataArray 'Y' (x: 10, y1: 1)>
array([[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878],
[ 0.0659878]])
Coordinates:
* x (x) int32 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
* y1 (y1) int32 0
>>> np.all(ds['Y'].sum(axis=1) == ds['Y'].sum(dim='y0'))
True
>>>> ds['X'].sum(dim='y0')
Traceback (most recent call last):
ValueError: 'y0' not found in array dimensions ('x',)
[1] 用于处理带有标签的 N 维数据的库,就像 pandas 对 2D 所做的那样:http: //xray.readthedocs.org/en/stable/data-structures.html#dataset