Please have a look below code:
for(var i=0; i< 5; i++){
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(i);
},1000);
}
Here what will be output? 0,1,2,3,4 not that will be 5,5,5,5,5 because of closure
So how it will solve? Answer is below:
for(var i=0; i< 5; i++){
(function(j){ //using IIFE
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(j);
},1000);
})(i);
}
Let me simple explain, when a function created nothing happen until it called so for loop in 1st code called 5 times but not called immediately so when it called i.e after 1 second and also this is asynchronous so before this for loop finished and store value 5 in var i and finally execute setTimeout function five time and print 5,5,5,5,5
Here how it solve using IIFE i.e Immediate Invoking Function Expression
(function(j){ //i is passed here
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(j);
},1000);
})(i); //look here it called immediate that is store i=0 for 1st loop, i=1 for 2nd loop, and so on and print 0,1,2,3,4
For more, please understand execution context to understand closure.
- There is one more solution to solve this using let (ES6 feature) but under the hood above function is worked
for(let i=0; i< 5; i++){
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(i);
},1000);
}
Output: 0,1,2,3,4