django - 在 Python/Django 中使用数据库查询在多列中搜索？

Question

我有一个这样的模型：

class Info(models.Model):
    tape_id = models.TextField()
    name = models.TextField()
    video_type = models.TextField()
    date = models.DateTimeField()
    director = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    cameraman = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    editor = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    time_code = models.TextField()
    tag1 = models.TextField()

用户可以tape_id, name, director and cameraman使用相同的搜索输入框进行搜索。我有一个这样的搜索视图：

 if request.method == 'POST':
        search_inp = request.POST['search_box']
        tape_id = Info.objects.filter(tape_id__exact=search_inp)
        res = Info.objects.filter(name__icontains=search_inp)
        res = Info.objects.filter(director__icontains=search_inp)
        res = Info.objects.filter(cameraman__icontains=search_inp)
        total_video = res.count()
        if len(res) == 0 and len(tape_id) == 0 :
            result = "No videos found!!"
            return render_to_response('no_results_only.html', {'result':result}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
        else:
            date1 = [i.date for i in res]
            date = [i.strftime("%B %d, %Y") for i in date1]
            a = zip(res, date)
            return render_to_response('list_videos.html', {'a':a, 'total_video':total_video}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
        return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

起初我以为它会起作用，但事实并非如此。第一个 res 变量可以包含该值，而最后一个 res 是空的，它将返回到no_results.html. 我想使用相同的输入框部署此搜索。我怎样才能使这项工作？

Answer 1

首先，您需要导入 Q 以用于 OR 过滤：

from django.db.models import Q

那么你的代码应该是这样的：

if request.method == 'POST':
    search_inp = request.POST['search_box']
    res = Info.objects.filter(
        Q(tape_id__exact=search_inp) | 
        Q(name__icontains=search_inp) |
        Q(director__icontains=search_inp) |
        Q(cameraman__icontains=search_inp)
    )
    total_video = res.count()
    if len(res) == 0:
        result = "No videos found!!"
        return render_to_response('no_results_only.html', {'result':result}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
    else:
        date1 = [i.date for i in res]
        date = [i.strftime("%B %d, %Y") for i in date1]
        a = zip(res, date)
        return render_to_response('list_videos.html', {'a':a, 'total_video':total_video}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
    return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

Answer 2

建议OR在filter. 您可以参考文档的语法。

Q(question__startswith='Who') | Q(question__startswith='What')

它将确保您将在结果中获得唯一的对象列表。