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我的 MVC4 Web 应用程序中有某些控制器操作，它们使用 Response 对象来访问查询字符串变量等。将其抽象化以使其不干扰单元测试操作的最佳实践是什么？

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1 回答 1

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MVC4 团队已经将HttpContext相关属性抽象化，以便可以模拟它们，所以Response现在是类型HttpResponseBase，所以已经被抽象掉了。你可以模拟对它的调用。

下面是我过去在单元测试场景中用于初始化控制器的标准方法。这是关于最小起订量。我创建了一个假的 http 上下文，它根据需要模拟出各种相关的属性。您可以修改它以适合您的确切情况。

在实例化控制器之后，我将它传递给这个方法（也许在一个基类中 - 我使用 NBehave 进行单元测试，但我不会在这里专门与任何相关的东西混淆水域）：

protected void InitialiseController(T controller, NameValueCollection collection, params string[] routePaths)
{
    Controller = controller;
    var routes = new RouteCollection();
    RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(routes);
    var httpContext = ContextHelper.FakeHttpContext(RelativePath, AbsolutePath, routePaths);
    var context = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContext, new RouteData()), Controller);
    var urlHelper = new UrlHelper(new RequestContext(httpContext, new RouteData()), routes);
    Controller.ControllerContext = context;
    Controller.ValueProvider = new NameValueCollectionValueProvider(collection, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
    Controller.Url = urlHelper;
}

这ContextHelper是所有模拟设置的地方：

public static class ContextHelper
{
    public static HttpContextBase FakeHttpContext(string relativePath, string absolutePath, params string[] routePaths)
    {
        var httpContext = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
        var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
        var response = new Mock<HttpResponseBase>();
        var session = new Mock<HttpSessionStateBase>();
        var server = new Mock<HttpServerUtilityBase>();
        var cookies = new HttpCookieCollection();

        httpContext.Setup(x => x.Server).Returns(server.Object);
        httpContext.Setup(x => x.Session).Returns(session.Object);
        httpContext.Setup(x => x.Request).Returns(request.Object);
        httpContext.Setup(x => x.Response).Returns(response.Object);
        response.Setup(x => x.Cookies).Returns(cookies);
        httpContext.SetupGet(x => x.Request.Url).Returns(new Uri("http://localhost:300"));
        httpContext.SetupGet(x => x.Request.UserHostAddress).Returns("127.0.0.1");
        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(relativePath))
        {
            server.Setup(x => x.MapPath(relativePath)).Returns(absolutePath);
        }

        // used for matching routes within calls to Url.Action
        foreach (var path in routePaths)
        {
            var localPath = path;
            response.Setup(x => x.ApplyAppPathModifier(localPath)).Returns(localPath);
        }

        var writer = new StringWriter();
        var wr = new SimpleWorkerRequest("", "", "", "", writer);
        HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(wr);
        return httpContext.Object;
    }
}

我最近写了一篇博客文章，介绍了这种方法，但Nsubstitute用作模拟框架而不是MOQ：

使用 NUnit 和 NSubstitute 对控制器进行单元测试

于 2013-04-01T22:02:32.287 回答