powershell - 使用 PowerShell 2.0 检查 DNS 记录

Question

除了使用以下方法之外，解决计算机名称的最佳方法是什么：

[System.Net.DNS]::GetHostByName('MachineName').HostName

我不想导入任何特定的 DNS 模块。

Answer 1

您可以尝试 GetHostEntry 方法：

[Net.DNS]::GetHostEntry("MachineName")

另一种方法是使用Test-Connectioncmdlet 对其进行 ping 操作，请参阅此提示

Answer 2

我曾遇到过必须查询特定 DNS 服务器的情况，而直接使用 .net / powershell 则无法做到这一点。所以我最终使用了旧的 nslookup ：

$client="10.110.10.10"
$ns="10.20.1.10"
(nslookup $client $ns |sls name).toString().split(":")[1].trim()

Answer 3

以下两种将 IP 解析为 DNS 地址的方法是唯一的。重要的是你如何使用它。

    [Net.DNS]::GetHostEntry("MachineName")
    [System.Net.DNS]::GetHostByName('MachineName').HostName

就像我说的，这就是你如何使用它们。我为此编写了一个脚本。

它需要一个 IP 地址列表并在那里解析 DNS。稍后在脚本中，它将输出转换为 Excel 工作表，向您显示结果。您可以根据过滤器设置布局。

现在我知道并不是所有的 IP 都可以用这些方法解决，这就是为什么我在我的脚本中包含一个函数来过滤掉未解析的 IP 并将它们放在 Excel 表的底部。（为每个 IP 提供指向 who.is/whois/ipadress 的直接链接

这是脚本，如果您有兴趣。

#Get current date
$Date = date -format yyyy-MM-dd
$Company = "Company"
    $Company2 = "Company2"
        ########################


#Define all Paths.
$Path = "C:\inetpub\wwwroot\BlockedIP" #This is where your file's will be saved.
    md "$Path\HTML\$Date" -Force |Out-Null
    $path2 = "$Path\HTML\$Date"
$PathWeb = "/ResolvedIp/HTML/$Date"
########################


#Define File's used or created in this script.
$File = "$Path\IP-$Date.txt"
    $FileHtml = "$Path2\IP-$Date.htm"
        $FileXML = "$Path\IP-$Date.xlsx"
            $FileHTMLWeb = "$PathWeb\IP-$date.htm"
            ######################################


#Define error actions.
$erroractionpreference = "SilentlyContinue"
###########################################

#Since the script used COM objects it will need the following 2 folders:

#(32Bit)
MD "C:\Windows\System32\config\systemprofile\Dektop" -force
    MD "C:\Windows\System32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet" -force
#(64Bit)
MD "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\Desktop" -force
    MD "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet" -force
#Once successfull the script will run without a problem if scheduled.

cls

            (gc $File) | ? {$_.trim() -ne "" } | set-content $File
            $IPCount =  (gc $File)
            $IPCount =  $IPCount.count

 write "$IPCount unique IP addresses detected."



#Define error actions.
$erroractionpreference = "SilentlyContinue"



#Get content from given IP list.
$colComputers = @(gc $File | sort |Select -unique)
    $SourceCount = $colComputers.Count
    write "$SourceCount IP's detected."

Function Set-KnownIPs{
Param([Object]$DNSLookupObject)
Switch($DNSLookupObject){
    {$_.Source -Match "(108.162.254|141.101.(?:104|105)|199.27.128|173.245(?:53|52|51))"}{$_.HostName = "CloudFlare, Inc."}
    {$_.Source -Match "(64.18.[0-18])"}{$_.HostName = "Google, Inc."}
    {$_.Source -Match "(192.168|127.0.0)"}{$_.HostName = "Internal Infrastructure"}
}
$DNSLookupObject
}

#Get DNS Results
$Progress=1
$DNSResults = $colComputers | %{
Write-Progress -Activity "Creating a usable 'Blocked IP' list ($Progress/$sourcecount)" -PercentComplete ($Progress/$sourceCount*100) -Status "Please stand by"
try {
    ($dnsresult = [System.Net.DNS]::GetHostEntry($_))
}
catch {
    $dnsresult = "Fail"
}
Set-KnownIPs -DNSLookupObject ([PSCustomObject][Ordered]@{
Source=$_.ToUpper()
HostName=$(if(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($dnsresult.HostName))){$dnsresult.HostName})
IPAddress=$(if(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($dnsresult.AddressList))){$dnsresult.AddressList[0].ToString()})
})
$Progress++
}

$Keywords = @("Google","Cloudflare","Cloud","Ping", 
"Easy-Voyage","McAfee","Pingdom","Panopta","Scoot","Uniglobe", 
"Internal")

$Filter = "($(($Keywords|%{[RegEx]::Escape($_)}) -join "|"))"


$DNSLookupFailed = $DNSResults | 
?{[string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_.HostName) -and !($_ -match $filter)}

$DNSWithKeyword = $DNSResults | 
?{$_ -match $Filter}

$DNSNoKeyword = $DNSResults | 
?{!($_.HostName -match $Filter) -and !([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_.IPAddress))}


#$count = ($DNSResults|?{$_ -match $filter}).count
$count = $SourceCount
#####################


#start Excel.
$a = New-Object -comobject Excel.Application

# set interactive to false so nothing from excel is shown.
$a.DisplayAlerts = $False
$a.ScreenUpdating = $True
$a.Visible = $True
$a.UserControl = $True
$a.Interactive = $True
###########################


#Create sheets in Excel.
$b = $a.Workbooks.Add()
    $c = $b.Worksheets.Item(1)
    $c.Activate() | Out-Null

#Create a Title for the first worksheet and adjust the font
$c.Cells.Item(1,1)= "Blocked IP's $Date"
    $c.Cells.Item(1,1).Font.ColorIndex = 55
    $c.Cells.Item(1,1).Font.Color = 8210719

$c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+1),1) = "IP's not in whitelist"
    $c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+1),1).Font.ColorIndex = 55
    $c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+1),1).Font.Color = 8210719

$c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+3),1)= "IP's without DNS return"
    $c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+3),1).Font.ColorIndex = 55
    $c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+3),1).Font.Color = 8210719
    #######################################


$range = $c.Range("a1","e1")
$range.Style = 'Title'
$range.Select()
$range.MergeCells = $true
$range.VerticalAlignment = -4108
################################

            $Linkedin = "https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=96981180" #Look me up! :D
#Define row to be used for linkedin link.
$CounterRow = $Count+5
######################


#Define subjects.
$c.Name = "Blocked IP's ($Date)"
$c.Cells.Item(2,1) = "Given IP"
$c.Cells.Item(2,2) = "Resolved DNS"
$c.Cells.Item(2,3) = "Returned IP"
$c.Cells.Item(2,5) = "$Company"
$c.Cells.Item((3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+$DNSLookupFailed.Count+5),1) = "Created by"
########################################


$link = "http://www.$Company"
    $link2 = "$Linkedin"

$r = $c.Range("E2") 
    [void]$c.Hyperlinks.Add($r, $link) 

$r = $c.Range("A$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+$DNSLookupFailed.Count+5)") 
    [void]$c.Hyperlinks.Add($r, $link2)
    ###################################

#Define cell formatting from subjects.
$c.Range("A2:E2").Interior.ColorIndex = 6
$c.Range("A2:E2").font.size = 13
$c.Range("A2:E2").Font.ColorIndex = 1
$c.Range("A2:E2").Font.Bold = $True
###################################


#Define the usedrange, excluding header and footer rows
$KeyRange = $c.Range("A3:c$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count)")
$NoKeyRange = $c.Range("A$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+2):c$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+2)") 
$NoDNSRange = $c.Range("A$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+4):c$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+$DNSLookupFailed.Count+4)")
$SheetRange = $c.Range("A3:e$(4+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+$DNSLookupFailed.Count+4)")
$Investigate = $c.Range("c$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+4):c$(3+$DNSWithKeyword.Count+$DNSNoKeyword.Count+$DNSLookupFailed.Count+4)")
    ################################


#Set background color for the IP list.
$SheetRange.interior.colorindex = 6
$KeyRange.interior.colorindex = 4
$NoKeyRange.interior.colorindex = 15
$NoDNSRange.interior.colorindex = 8
####################################

#Populate data into spreadsheet
$DNSWithKeyword | Select Source, HostName, IPAddress | Sort HostName -Descending | 
ConvertTo-Csv -Delimiter "`t" -NoTypeInformation | 
Select -Skip 1 | Clip
$c.Paste($KeyRange,$false)

$DNSNoKeyword | Select Source, HostName, IPAddress | Sort HostName -Descending | 
ConvertTo-Csv -Delimiter "`t" -NoTypeInformation | 
Select -Skip 1 | Clip
    $c.Paste($NoKeyRange,$false)

$DNSLookupFailed | Select Source, HostName, IPAddress | sort Source -Descending|
ConvertTo-Csv -Delimiter "`t" -NoTypeInformation | 
Select -Skip 1 | Clip
    $c.Paste($NoDNSRange,$false)
    ############################



ForEach($Cell in $Investigate){
If([String]::IsNullOrWhitespace($Cell.value2)){
$Cell.Item($_) = "N/A"
[void]$cell.Hyperlinks.Add($Cell)
    }
}

###########################################################################


#Define borders here.
$xlOpenXMLWorkbook = 51
$xlAutomatic=-4105
$xlBottom = -4107
$xlCenter = -4108
$xlRight = -4152
$xlContext = -5002
$xlContinuous=1
$xlDiagonalDown=5
$xlDiagonalUp=6
$xlEdgeBottom=9
$xlEdgeLeft=7
$xlEdgeRight=10
$xlEdgeTop=8
$xlInsideHorizontal=12
$xlInsideVertical=11
$xlNone=-4142
$xlThin=2 
#########    

$selection = $c.range("A2:C$(1+$DNSResults.Count-9)")
    $selection.select() |out-null
    $selection.HorizontalAlignment = $xlRight
    $selection.VerticalAlignment = $xlBottom
    $selection.WrapText = $false
    $selection.Orientation = 0
    $selection.AddIndent = $false
    $selection.IndentLevel = 0
    $selection.ShrinkToFit = $false
    $selection.ReadingOrder = $xlContext
    $selection.MergeCells = $false
    $selection.Borders.Item($xlInsideHorizontal).Weight = $xlThin
    #############################################################


#Define the usedrange for autofitting.
$d = $c.UsedRange
#################

#Make everything fit in it's cell.
$d.EntireColumn.AutoFit() | Out-Null
####################################

$c.usedrange | Where{$_.Value2 -match "(\b(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\b)"} | 
ForEach{$IPLink = "http://who.is/whois-ip/ip-address/$($Matches[1])";[void]$c.Hyperlinks.Add($_, $IPLink)}

#Define html code for Excel save to .htm.
$xlExcelHTML = 44
#################

#Save final result as an .xlsx file.
$b.SaveAs("$FileXML")
#####################

#Save final result as a .htm file
$b.SaveAs("$FileHTML",$xlExcelHTML)
###################################

Answer 4

在 powershell 5.1 中，您可以使用

Resolve-DnsName