118

下面的例子有什么问题?

问题是解密字符串的第一部分是胡说八道。不过,其他都很好,我明白了……

Result: `£eB6O�geS��i are you? Have a nice day.
@Test
public void testEncrypt() {
  try {
    String s = "Hello there. How are you? Have a nice day.";

    // Generate key
    KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
    kgen.init(128);
    SecretKey aesKey = kgen.generateKey();

    // Encrypt cipher
    Cipher encryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    encryptCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);

    // Encrypt
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    CipherOutputStream cipherOutputStream = new CipherOutputStream(outputStream, encryptCipher);
    cipherOutputStream.write(s.getBytes());
    cipherOutputStream.flush();
    cipherOutputStream.close();
    byte[] encryptedBytes = outputStream.toByteArray();

    // Decrypt cipher
    Cipher decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(aesKey.getEncoded());
    decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey, ivParameterSpec);

    // Decrypt
    outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(encryptedBytes);
    CipherInputStream cipherInputStream = new CipherInputStream(inStream, decryptCipher);
    byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    int bytesRead;
    while ((bytesRead = cipherInputStream.read(buf)) >= 0) {
        outputStream.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);
    }

    System.out.println("Result: " + new String(outputStream.toByteArray()));

  } 
  catch (Exception ex) {
    ex.printStackTrace();
  }
}
4

10 回答 10

230

包括我自己在内的很多人在完成这项工作时遇到了很多问题,因为缺少一些信息,比如忘记转换为 Base64、初始化向量、字符集等。所以我想制作一个功能齐全的代码。

希望这对大家有用:要编译,您需要额外的 Apache Commons Codec jar,可在此处获得: http ://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/download_codec.cgi

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

public class Encryptor {
    public static String encrypt(String key, String initVector, String value) {
        try {
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());
            System.out.println("encrypted string: "
                    + Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted));

            return Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static String decrypt(String key, String initVector, String encrypted) {
        try {
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(encrypted));

            return new String(original);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String key = "Bar12345Bar12345"; // 128 bit key
        String initVector = "RandomInitVector"; // 16 bytes IV

        System.out.println(decrypt(key, initVector,
                encrypt(key, initVector, "Hello World")));
    }
}
于 2014-03-17T02:17:22.907 回答
84

在这个答案中,我选择处理“简单的 Java AES 加密/解密示例”主题而不是具体的调试问题,因为我认为这将使大多数读者受益。

这是我关于 Java 中的 AES 加密的博客文章的简单摘要,因此我建议在实施任何内容之前通读它。但是,我仍然会提供一个简单的示例来使用并给出一些注意事项。

在这个例子中,我将选择使用Galois /Counter 模式或 GCM模式的认证加密。原因是在大多数情况下,您希望 完整性和真实性与机密性相结合(在博客中阅读更多内容)。

AES-GCM 加密/解密教程

以下是使用AES-GCMJava Cryptography Architecture (JCA)加密/解密所需的步骤。不要与其他示例混用,因为细微的差异可能会使您的代码完全不安全。

1. 创建密钥

由于这取决于您的用例,我将假设最简单的情况:随机密钥。

SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
byte[] key = new byte[16];
secureRandom.nextBytes(key);
SecretKey secretKey = SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");

重要的:

2. 创建初始化向量

使用初始化向量 (IV),以便相同的密钥将创建不同的密文

byte[] iv = new byte[12]; //NEVER REUSE THIS IV WITH SAME KEY
secureRandom.nextBytes(iv);

重要的:

3. 用 IV 和 Key 加密

final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
GCMParameterSpec parameterSpec = new GCMParameterSpec(128, iv); //128 bit auth tag length
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, parameterSpec);
byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainText);

重要的:

  • 使用 16 字节/128 位认证标签(用于验证完整性/真实性)
  • 身份验证标签将自动附加到密文中(在 JCA 实现中)
  • 由于 GCM 的行为类似于流密码,因此不需要填充
  • CipherInputStream在加密大块数据时使用
  • 是否要检查其他(非秘密)数据是否已更改?您可能希望在此处使用与更多相关的数据。cipher.updateAAD(associatedData);

3.序列化为单条消息

只需附加 IV 和密文。如上所述,IV 不需要保密。

ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(iv.length + cipherText.length);
byteBuffer.put(iv);
byteBuffer.put(cipherText);
byte[] cipherMessage = byteBuffer.array();

如果需要字符串表示,可以选择使用Base64进行编码。使用AndroidJava 8 的内置实现(不要使用 Apache Commons Codec - 这是一个糟糕的实现)。编码用于将字节数组“转换”为字符串表示形式,以使其 ASCII 安全,例如:

String base64CipherMessage = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipherMessage);

4.准备解密:反序列化

如果您已对消息进行编码,请先将其解码为字节数组:

byte[] cipherMessage = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64CipherMessage)

重要的:

5.解密

初始化密码并设置与加密相同的参数:

final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
//use first 12 bytes for iv
AlgorithmParameterSpec gcmIv = new GCMParameterSpec(128, cipherMessage, 0, 12);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, gcmIv);
//use everything from 12 bytes on as ciphertext
byte[] plainText = cipher.doFinal(cipherMessage, 12, cipherMessage.length - 12);

重要的:

  • 如果您在加密期间添加了相关数据,请不要忘记添加相关数据。cipher.updateAAD(associatedData);

可以在这个要点中找到一个工作代码片段。


请注意,最新的 Android (SDK 21+) 和 Java (7+) 实现应该具有 AES-GCM。旧版本可能缺少它。我仍然选择这种模式,因为与Encrypt-then-Mac 的类似模式(例如AES-CBC + HMAC)相比,它更容易实现,而且效率更高。请参阅这篇文章,了解如何使用 HMAC 实现 AES-CBC

于 2018-10-29T18:23:11.473 回答
38

这里没有Apache Commons Codec's的解决方案Base64

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class AdvancedEncryptionStandard
{
    private byte[] key;

    private static final String ALGORITHM = "AES";

    public AdvancedEncryptionStandard(byte[] key)
    {
        this.key = key;
    }

    /**
     * Encrypts the given plain text
     *
     * @param plainText The plain text to encrypt
     */
    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] plainText) throws Exception
    {
        SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, ALGORITHM);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);

        return cipher.doFinal(plainText);
    }

    /**
     * Decrypts the given byte array
     *
     * @param cipherText The data to decrypt
     */
    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] cipherText) throws Exception
    {
        SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, ALGORITHM);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);

        return cipher.doFinal(cipherText);
    }
}

使用示例:

byte[] encryptionKey = "MZygpewJsCpRrfOr".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
byte[] plainText = "Hello world!".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
AdvancedEncryptionStandard advancedEncryptionStandard = new AdvancedEncryptionStandard(
        encryptionKey);
byte[] cipherText = advancedEncryptionStandard.encrypt(plainText);
byte[] decryptedCipherText = advancedEncryptionStandard.decrypt(cipherText);

System.out.println(new String(plainText));
System.out.println(new String(cipherText));
System.out.println(new String(decryptedCipherText));

印刷:

Hello world!
դ;��LA+�ߙb*
Hello world!
于 2015-04-02T18:21:28.410 回答
24

在我看来,您没有正确处理初始化向量 (IV)。自从我上次阅读有关 AES、IV 和块链的文章以来已经有很长时间了,但是您的台词

IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(aesKey.getEncoded());

好像不行。在 AES 的情况下,您可以将初始化向量视为密码实例的“初始状态”,并且此状态是您无法从密钥中获得的信息,而是从加密密码的实际计算中获得的信息。(有人可能会争辩说,如果 IV 可以从密钥中提取出来,那么它就没有用了,因为密钥已经在其初始化阶段提供给了密码实例)。

因此,您应该在加密结束时从密码实例中以字节 [] 的形式获取 IV

  cipherOutputStream.close();
  byte[] iv = encryptCipher.getIV();

你应该用这个 byte[]初始化你Cipher的:DECRYPT_MODE

  IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);

然后,您的解密应该可以了。希望这可以帮助。

于 2013-03-21T18:02:20.750 回答
19

您用于解密的 IV 不正确。替换此代码

//Decrypt cipher
Cipher decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(aesKey.getEncoded());
decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey, ivParameterSpec);

使用此代码

//Decrypt cipher
Cipher decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(encryptCipher.getIV());
decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesKey, ivParameterSpec);

那应该可以解决您的问题。


下面包括一个简单的 Java AES 类示例。我不建议在生产环境中使用此类,因为它可能无法满足您应用程序的所有特定需求。

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

public class AES 
{
    public static byte[] encrypt(final byte[] keyBytes, final byte[] ivBytes, final byte[] messageBytes) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
    {       
        return AES.transform(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keyBytes, ivBytes, messageBytes);
    }

    public static byte[] decrypt(final byte[] keyBytes, final byte[] ivBytes, final byte[] messageBytes) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
    {       
        return AES.transform(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keyBytes, ivBytes, messageBytes);
    }

    private static byte[] transform(final int mode, final byte[] keyBytes, final byte[] ivBytes, final byte[] messageBytes) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
    {
        final SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "AES");
        final IvParameterSpec ivSpec = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes);
        byte[] transformedBytes = null;

        try
        {
            final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CTR/NoPadding");

            cipher.init(mode, keySpec, ivSpec);

            transformedBytes = cipher.doFinal(messageBytes);
        }        
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException | IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) 
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return transformedBytes;
    }

    public static void main(final String[] args) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
    {
        //Retrieved from a protected local file.
        //Do not hard-code and do not version control.
        final String base64Key = "ABEiM0RVZneImaq7zN3u/w==";

        //Retrieved from a protected database.
        //Do not hard-code and do not version control.
        final String shadowEntry = "AAECAwQFBgcICQoLDA0ODw==:ZtrkahwcMzTu7e/WuJ3AZmF09DE=";

        //Extract the iv and the ciphertext from the shadow entry.
        final String[] shadowData = shadowEntry.split(":");        
        final String base64Iv = shadowData[0];
        final String base64Ciphertext = shadowData[1];

        //Convert to raw bytes.
        final byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64Key);
        final byte[] ivBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64Iv);
        final byte[] encryptedBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64Ciphertext);

        //Decrypt data and do something with it.
        final byte[] decryptedBytes = AES.decrypt(keyBytes, ivBytes, encryptedBytes);

        //Use non-blocking SecureRandom implementation for the new IV.
        final SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();

        //Generate a new IV.
        secureRandom.nextBytes(ivBytes);

        //At this point instead of printing to the screen, 
        //one should replace the old shadow entry with the new one.
        System.out.println("Old Shadow Entry      = " + shadowEntry);
        System.out.println("Decrytped Shadow Data = " + new String(decryptedBytes, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        System.out.println("New Shadow Entry      = " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(ivBytes) + ":" + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(AES.encrypt(keyBytes, ivBytes, decryptedBytes)));
    }
}

请注意,AES 与编码无关,这就是为什么我选择单独处理它而不需要任何第三方库的原因。

于 2015-10-17T13:44:50.777 回答
1

在线编辑器可运行版本:-

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
//import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import java.util.Base64;

public class Encryptor {
    public static String encrypt(String key, String initVector, String value) {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector.getBytes("UTF-8"));

            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "AES");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());

            //System.out.println("encrypted string: "
              //      + Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted));

            //return Base64.encodeBase64String(encrypted);
            String s = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(encrypted));
            return s;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static String decrypt(String key, String initVector, String encrypted) {
        try {
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("UTF-8"), "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encrypted));

            return new String(original);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String key = "Bar12345Bar12345"; // 128 bit key
        String initVector = "RandomInitVector"; // 16 bytes IV

        System.out.println(encrypt(key, initVector, "Hello World"));
        System.out.println(decrypt(key, initVector, encrypt(key, initVector, "Hello World")));
    }
}
于 2017-12-19T18:04:47.090 回答
1

这是对已接受答案的改进。

变化:

(1) 使用随机 IV 并将其添加到加密文本中

(2) 使用 SHA-256 从密码短语生成密钥

(3) 不依赖 Apache Commons

public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException {
    String plaintext = "Hello world";
    String passphrase = "My passphrase";
    String encrypted = encrypt(passphrase, plaintext);
    String decrypted = decrypt(passphrase, encrypted);
    System.out.println(encrypted);
    System.out.println(decrypted);
}

private static SecretKeySpec getKeySpec(String passphrase) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
    MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
    return new SecretKeySpec(digest.digest(passphrase.getBytes(UTF_8)), "AES");
}

private static Cipher getCipher() throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
    return Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
}

public static String encrypt(String passphrase, String value) throws GeneralSecurityException {
    byte[] initVector = new byte[16];
    SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong().nextBytes(initVector);
    Cipher cipher = getCipher();
    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, getKeySpec(passphrase), new IvParameterSpec(initVector));
    byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());
    return DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(initVector) +
            DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(encrypted);
}

public static String decrypt(String passphrase, String encrypted) throws GeneralSecurityException {
    byte[] initVector = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(encrypted.substring(0, 24));
    Cipher cipher = getCipher();
    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, getKeySpec(passphrase), new IvParameterSpec(initVector));
    byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(encrypted.substring(24)));
    return new String(original);
}
于 2018-11-21T00:14:35.470 回答
0

依靠标准库提供的解决方案通常是个好主意:

private static void stackOverflow15554296()
    throws
        NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException,        
        InvalidKeyException, IllegalBlockSizeException,
        BadPaddingException
{

    // prepare key
    KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
    SecretKey aesKey = keygen.generateKey();
    String aesKeyForFutureUse = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(
            aesKey.getEncoded()
    );

    // cipher engine
    Cipher aesCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");

    // cipher input
    aesCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, aesKey);
    byte[] clearTextBuff = "Text to encode".getBytes();
    byte[] cipherTextBuff = aesCipher.doFinal(clearTextBuff);

    // recreate key
    byte[] aesKeyBuff = Base64.getDecoder().decode(aesKeyForFutureUse);
    SecretKey aesDecryptKey = new SecretKeySpec(aesKeyBuff, "AES");

    // decipher input
    aesCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, aesDecryptKey);
    byte[] decipheredBuff = aesCipher.doFinal(cipherTextBuff);
    System.out.println(new String(decipheredBuff));
}

这将打印“要编码的文本”。

解决方案基于Java Cryptography Architecture Reference Guidehttps://stackoverflow.com/a/20591539/146745答案。

于 2016-10-03T19:43:04.347 回答
-1

另一个使用 java.util.Base64 和 Spring Boot 的解决方案

加密器类

package com.jmendoza.springboot.crypto.cipher;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;

@Component
public class Encryptor {

    @Value("${security.encryptor.key}")
    private byte[] key;
    @Value("${security.encryptor.algorithm}")
    private String algorithm;

    public String encrypt(String plainText) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, algorithm);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(cipher.doFinal(plainText.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))));
    }

    public String decrypt(String cipherText) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, algorithm);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(cipherText)));
    }
}

加密控制器类

package com.jmendoza.springboot.crypto.controller;

import com.jmendoza.springboot.crypto.cipher.Encryptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/cipher")
public class EncryptorController {

    @Autowired
    Encryptor encryptor;

    @GetMapping(value = "encrypt/{value}")
    public String encrypt(@PathVariable("value") final String value) throws Exception {
        return encryptor.encrypt(value);
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "decrypt/{value}")
    public String decrypt(@PathVariable("value") final String value) throws Exception {
        return encryptor.decrypt(value);
    }
}

应用程序属性

server.port=8082
security.encryptor.algorithm=AES
security.encryptor.key=M8jFt46dfJMaiJA0

例子

http://localhost:8082/cipher/encrypt/jmendoza

2h41HH8Shzc4BRU3hVDOXA==

http://localhost:8082/cipher/decrypt/2h41HH8Shzc4BRU3hVDOXA==

杰门多萨

于 2019-08-19T17:37:04.883 回答
-2

已接受答案的优化版本。

  • 没有第三方库

  • 将 IV 包含在加密消息中(可以公开)

  • 密码可以是任意长度

代码:

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class Encryptor {
    public static byte[] getRandomInitialVector() {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            SecureRandom randomSecureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
            byte[] initVector = new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()];
            randomSecureRandom.nextBytes(initVector);
            return initVector;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static byte[] passwordTo16BitKey(String password) {
        try {
            byte[] srcBytes = password.getBytes("UTF-8");
            byte[] dstBytes = new byte[16];

            if (srcBytes.length == 16) {
                return srcBytes;
            }

            if (srcBytes.length < 16) {
                for (int i = 0; i < dstBytes.length; i++) {
                    dstBytes[i] = (byte) ((srcBytes[i % srcBytes.length]) * (srcBytes[(i + 1) % srcBytes.length]));
                }
            } else if (srcBytes.length > 16) {
                for (int i = 0; i < srcBytes.length; i++) {
                    dstBytes[i % dstBytes.length] += srcBytes[i];
                }
            }

            return dstBytes;
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static String encrypt(String key, String value) {
        return encrypt(passwordTo16BitKey(key), value);
    }

    public static String encrypt(byte[] key, String value) {
        try {
            byte[] initVector = Encryptor.getRandomInitialVector();
            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector);
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());
            return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypted) + " " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(initVector);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static String decrypt(String key, String encrypted) {
        return decrypt(passwordTo16BitKey(key), encrypted);
    }

    public static String decrypt(byte[] key, String encrypted) {
        try {
            String[] encryptedParts = encrypted.split(" ");
            byte[] initVector = Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedParts[1]);
            if (initVector.length != 16) {
                return null;
            }

            IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(initVector);
            SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");

            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);

            byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedParts[0]));

            return new String(original);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }
}

用法:

String key = "Password of any length.";
String encrypted = Encryptor.encrypt(key, "Hello World");
String decrypted = Encryptor.decrypt(key, encrypted);
System.out.println(encrypted);
System.out.println(decrypted);

示例输出:

QngBg+Qc5+F8HQsksgfyXg== yDfYiIHTqOOjc0HRNdr1Ng==
Hello World
于 2019-09-27T09:41:47.757 回答