r - 关于情节的一般问题

Question

使用R，我绘制了一个与此类似的阴影图。我想做以下四件事R

1. 添加图例，如链接所示。
2. 用 delta 的希腊符号替换 x 轴名称
3. 提到情节上的各个交叉点。例如，在 x=0.75 处，几条曲线与 x 轴相交，我想将值放在该0.75点附近。
4. 如果你看到曲线，它们并不平滑。如何使它们光滑？即使是 excel 也能绘制出更平滑的曲线。

如何做到这一点？

这是情节。

以下代码用于绘制绘图。

plot(NA,xlim=c(0,1),ylim=c(0,1),xlab="delta",ylab="K", xaxs="i",yaxs="i") # Empty plot
a1 <- curve((x+x^7-x^2-x^4)/(1+x-x^3-x^4), from=0, n=450000, add = TRUE) # First curve
a2 <- curve((x^2+x^3-x-x^5)/(x+x^2), to=0.9, n=45000, add = TRUE)
a3 <- curve((x+x^7-x^2-x^4)/(1+x-x^2-x^3-x^4+x^7),from=0, n=45000, add = TRUE)
a4 <- curve((x+x^8-x^3-x^5)/(x+x^8-x^3-x^5+1-x^4),from=0, to=0.9, n=45000, add = TRUE)
a5 <- curve((x+x^8-x^3-x^5)/(1+x-x^5-x^4),from=0, n=45000, add = TRUE)
a6 <- curve((x+x^2-x^4-1)/(x-x^4), to=0.84, n=45000, add = TRUE)
a7 <- curve((x+x^6-x^3-x^4)/(1+x-x^3-x^4), from=0.83 ,to=1,  n=45000, add = TRUE)
a8 <- curve((1+x^7-x^2-x^4)/(1+x^3-x-x^4), from=0.819, n=45000, add = TRUE)
a9 <- curve((x)/(1+x), n=45000,from=0.819, to =1, add = TRUE)


names(a1) <- c('xA1','yA1')
names(a2) <- c('xA2','yA2')
names(a3) <- c('xA3','yA3')
names(a4) <- c('xA4','yA4')
names(a5) <- c('xA5','yA5')
names(a6) <- c('xA6','yA6')
names(a7) <- c('xA7','yA7')
names(a8) <- c('xA8','yA8')
names(a9) <- c('xA9','yA9')


with(as.list(c(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7,a8,a9)),{

idA <- yA3 >=0
idB <- yA2 >=0 & yA2 <= yA4
idC <- yA4 >= yA2

idD <- yA5 >=0

idE <- yA6 >=0 & yA6 <= yA7
idF <- yA7 <= yA6

idG <- yA8 >=0 & yA8 <= yA9 
idH <- xA9 >= xA8 &  xA9 >0.8

idI <- xA1 >=0 & xA1 <= 0.755
idJ <- xA3 >=0 & xA3 <= 0.755



 polygon(x = c(xA3[idA],xA2[idB],rev(xA4[idC])),
        y = c(yA3[idA],yA2[idB],rev(yA4[idC])), 
        density=20, angle=90, border=NULL)

 polygon(x = c(xA5[idD],1,1,0),
        y = c(yA5[idD],0,1,1), 
        density=20, angle=0, border=NULL)

 polygon(x = c(xA6,xA7),
        y = c(yA6,yA7), 
        density=20, angle=45, border=NULL)

 polygon(x = c(rev(xA8[idG]),xA9[idH],1),
        y = c(rev(yA8[idG]),yA9[idH],0), 
        density=20, angle=135, border=NULL)

 polygon(x = c(xA1[idI],rev(xA3[idJ])),
        y = c(yA1[idI],rev(yA3[idJ])), 
        col="black", border=NULL)


 })

Answer 1

layout(matrix(c(1,2),nrow=1),
       width=c(4,1)) #Divide your plotting region in two inequal part
par(mar=c(5,4,4,0)) #Get rid of the margin on the right side
plot(NA,xlim=c(0,1),ylim=c(0,1),
     xlab=expression(delta),ylab="K", xaxs="i",yaxs="i") # Here's your delta
a1 <- curve((x+x^7-x^2-x^4)/(1+x-x^3-x^4), from=0, n=450000, add = TRUE)

...

par(mar=c(5,0,4,2)) #No margin on the left side
plot(c(0,1),type="n", axes=F, xlab="", ylab="") #Empty plot
legend("top",legend=c("1","2","3","4","5"), 
       density=c(20,20,20,20,NA), angle=c(90,0,45,135,NA), 
       col=c(NA,NA,NA,NA,"black"), bty="n", cex=1.5)

至于要标记的点，要么使用函数text（或mtext）“以编程方式”进行，要么locator以交互方式进行。

编辑：或者（正如我在评论中所说），这也可以将您的图例放在情节区域之外，并且可能更简单：

par(mar=c(5,4,4,8))
plot(NA,xlim=c(0,1),ylim=c(0,1),
     xlab=expression(delta),ylab="K", xaxs="i",yaxs="i") # Here's your delta
     a1 <- curve((x+x^7-x^2-x^4)/(1+x-x^3-x^4), from=0, n=450000, add = TRUE)

...

legend(1,1,legend=c("1","2","3","4","5"), 
   density=c(20,20,20,20,NA), angle=c(90,0,45,135,NA), 
   col=c(NA,NA,NA,NA,"black"), bty="n", cex=1.5, xpd=TRUE)

Answer 2

传统的图形系统提供了 legend() 函数来为绘图添加图例或键。图例通常在绘图区域内绘制，并且相对于用户坐标定位。

该函数有很多参数，这里我们需要使用角度和密度参数来区分散列区域。

legend(0.5, 0.8, paste("region", 1:5),
       density=c(20,20,20,20,0),
       angle=c(90,0,45,135,0))