何时Foo.__contains__
未定义:
a['bar']
调用Foo.__getitem__
,它执行
self[key] = data
这调用OrderedDict.__setitem__
,它是这样定义的:
def __setitem__(self, key, value, PREV=0, NEXT=1, dict_setitem=dict.__setitem__):
'od.__setitem__(i, y) <==> od[i]=y'
# Setting a new item creates a new link at the end of the linked list,
# and the inherited dictionary is updated with the new key/value pair.
if key not in self:
root = self.__root
last = root[PREV]
last[NEXT] = root[PREV] = self.__map[key] = [last, root, key]
dict_setitem(self, key, value)
由于Foo.__contains__
未定义,
if key not in self:
是真的。所以密钥被正确地添加到self.__root
and self.__map
。
什么时候Foo.__contains__
定义,
if key not in self:
如果是假的。所以密钥没有正确添加到self.__root
and self.__map
。
Foo.__contains__
有效的傻瓜OrderedDict.__setitem__
认为'bar'
已经添加了密钥。
我发现使用以下代码很有帮助(在__setitem__
and中添加打印语句__iter__
):
from collections import OrderedDict
dictclass = OrderedDict
class Foo(dictclass):
def __getitem__(self,key):
try:
return dictclass.__getitem__(self,key)
except KeyError:
pass
data = key*2
self[key] = data
return data
def __contains__(self,whatever):
print('contains: {}'.format(whatever))
return dictclass.__contains__(self,whatever) or 'bar' in whatever
def __setitem__(self, key, value, PREV=0, NEXT=1, dict_setitem=dict.__setitem__):
'od.__setitem__(i, y) <==> od[i]=y'
# Setting a new item creates a new link at the end of the linked list,
# and the inherited dictionary is updated with the new key/value pair.
print('key not in self: {}'.format(key not in self))
if key not in self:
root = self._OrderedDict__root
last = root[PREV]
last[NEXT] = root[PREV] = self._OrderedDict__map[key] = [last, root, key]
dict_setitem(self, key, value)
def __iter__(self):
'od.__iter__() <==> iter(od)'
# Traverse the linked list in order.
NEXT, KEY = 1, 2
root = self._OrderedDict__root
curr = root[NEXT]
print('curr: {}'.format(curr))
print('root: {}'.format(root))
print('curr is not root: {}'.format(curr is not root))
while curr is not root:
yield curr[KEY]
curr = curr[NEXT]
a = Foo()
print a['bar']
# barbar
print a.keys()
# ['bar']
请注意,您可以通过创建Foo
一个子类collections.MutableMapping
并将其大部分行为委托给OrderedDict
属性来避免此问题:
import collections
dictclass = collections.OrderedDict
class Foo(collections.MutableMapping):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._data = dictclass(*args, **kwargs)
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
self._data[key] = value
def __delitem__(self, key):
del self._data[key]
def __iter__(self):
return iter(self._data)
def __len__(self):
return len(self._data)
def __getitem__(self,key):
try:
return self._data[key]
except KeyError:
pass
data = key*2
self[key] = data
return data
def __contains__(self,whatever):
return dictclass.__contains__(self,whatever) or 'bar' in whatever
产生
a = Foo()
print a['bar']
# barbar
print a.keys()
# ['bar']
即使有__contains__
定义。