我发现自己必须创建很多不可变的类,并且我想找到一种没有多余信息的方法。我不能使用匿名类型,因为我需要从方法中返回这些类。我想要智能感知支持,所以我不想使用字典、动态或类似的东西。我还想要名称良好的属性,它排除了 Tuple<>。到目前为止,我尝试过的一些模式:
// inherit Tuple<>. This has the added benefit of giving you Equals() and GetHashCode()
public class MyImmutable : Tuple<int, string, bool> {
public MyImmutable(int field1, string field2, bool field3) : base(field1, field2, field3) { }
public int Field1 { get { return this.Item1; } }
public string Field2 { get { return this.Item2; } }
public bool Field3 { get { return this.Item3; } }
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// using a custom SetOnce<T> struct that throws an error if set twice or if read before being set
// the nice thing about this approach is that you can skip writing a constructor and
// use object initializer syntax.
public class MyImmutable {
private SetOnce<int> _field1;
private SetOnce<string> _field2;
private SetOnce<bool> _field3;
public int Field1 { get { return this._field1.Value; } set { this._field1.Value = value; }
public string Field2 { get { return this._field2.Value; } set { this._field2.Value = value; }
public bool Field3 { get { return this._field3.Value; } set { this._field3.Value = value; }
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// EDIT: another idea I thought of: create an Immutable<T> type which allows you to
// easily expose types with simple get/set properties as immutable
public class Immutable<T> {
private readonly Dictionary<PropertyInfo, object> _values;
public Immutable(T obj) {
// if we are worried about the performance of this reflection, we could always statically cache
// the getters as compiled delegates
this._values = typeof(T).GetProperties()
.Where(pi => pi.CanRead)
// Utils.MemberComparer is a static IEqualityComparer that correctly compares
// members so that ReflectedType is ignored
.ToDictionary(pi => pi, pi => pi.GetValue(obj, null), Utils.MemberComparer);
}
public TProperty Get<TProperty>(Expression<Func<T, TProperty>> propertyAccessor) {
var prop = (PropertyInfo)((MemberExpression)propertyAccessor.Body).Member;
return (TProperty)this._values[prop];
}
}
// usage
public class Mutable { int A { get; set; } }
// we could easily write a ToImmutable extension that would give us type inference
var immutable = new Immutable<Mutable>(new Mutable { A = 5 });
var a = immutable.Get(m => m.A);
// obviously, this is less performant than the other suggestions and somewhat clumsier to use.
// However, it does make declaring the immutable type quite concise, and has the advantage that we can make
// any mutable type immutable
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// EDIT: Phil Patterson and others mentioned the following pattern
// this seems to be roughly the same # characters as with Tuple<>, but results in many
// more lines and doesn't give you free Equals() and GetHashCode()
public class MyImmutable
{
public MyImmutable(int field1, string field2, bool field3)
{
Field1 = field1;
Field2 = field2;
Field3 = field3;
}
public int Field1 { get; private set; }
public string Field2 { get; private set; }
public bool Field3 { get; private set; }
}
这些都比创建只读字段、通过构造函数设置它们并通过属性公开它们的“标准”模式稍微简单一些。然而,这两种方法仍然有很多冗余的样板。
有任何想法吗?