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我正在尝试为 WINAPI 创建一个窗口创建者类。

我一直在弄清楚如何让窗口动态添加控件并为它们注册消息。

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <tuple>
#include <thread>

using namespace std;

class WinForm
{
    private:
        HWND WindowHandle = nullptr;
        std::thread Thread;
        std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::size_t, HWND>> ControlHandles;

    public:
        ~WinForm();
        WinForm(std::string ClassName, std::string WindowName, bool Threaded = false, int Width = CW_USEDEFAULT, int Height = CW_USEDEFAULT, WNDPROC WindowProcedure = nullptr, WNDCLASSEX WndClass = {0});
        bool AddButton(std::string ButtonName, POINT Location, int Width, int Height);
};

WinForm::~WinForm()
{
    if (Thread.joinable())
    {
        Thread.join();
    }
}

WinForm::WinForm(std::string ClassName, std::string WindowName, bool Threaded, int Width, int Height, WNDPROC WindowProcedure, WNDCLASSEX WndClass)
{
    if (WindowProcedure == nullptr)
    {
        WindowProcedure = [](HWND window, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp) -> LRESULT __stdcall
        {
            switch(msg)
            {
                case WM_PAINT:
                break;

                case WM_DESTROY:
                    PostQuitMessage(0);
                    return 0;

                default:
                    return DefWindowProc(window, msg, wp, lp);
            }
            return 0;
        };
    }

    if (WndClass.cbSize == 0)
    {
        WndClass =
        {
            sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_DBLCLKS, WindowProcedure,
            0, 0, GetModuleHandle(nullptr), LoadIcon(nullptr, IDI_APPLICATION),
            LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW), HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW+1),
            nullptr, ClassName.c_str(), LoadIcon (nullptr, IDI_APPLICATION)
        };
    }

    if (RegisterClassEx(&WndClass))
    {
        if (Threaded)
        {
            Thread = std::thread([ClassName, WindowName, Width, Height, this]{
                WindowHandle = CreateWindowEx(0, ClassName.c_str(), WindowName.c_str(), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, Width, Height, nullptr, nullptr, GetModuleHandle(nullptr), nullptr);
                if(WindowHandle)
                {
                    MSG msg = {nullptr};
                    ShowWindow(WindowHandle, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
                    while(GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
                    {
                        TranslateMessage(&msg);
                        DispatchMessage(&msg);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
        else
        {
            WindowHandle = CreateWindowEx(0, ClassName.c_str(), WindowName.c_str(), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, Width, Height, nullptr, nullptr, GetModuleHandle(nullptr), nullptr);
            if(WindowHandle)
            {
                MSG msg = {nullptr};
                ShowWindow(WindowHandle, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
                while(GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
                {
                    TranslateMessage(&msg);
                    DispatchMessage(&msg);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

bool WinForm::AddButton(std::string ButtonName, POINT Location, int Width, int Height)
{
    for (std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::size_t, HWND>>::iterator it = ControlHandles.begin(); it != ControlHandles.end(); ++it)
    {
        if (ButtonName == std::get<0>(*it))
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    std::size_t ID = 1;
    for (std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::size_t, HWND>>::iterator it = ControlHandles.begin(); it != ControlHandles.end(); ++it, ++ID)
    {
        if (std::get<1>(*it) != ID)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    HWND ButtonHandle = CreateWindowEx(0, "Button", ButtonName.c_str(), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON, Location.x, Location.y, Width, Height, WindowHandle, (HMENU)ID, GetModuleHandle(nullptr), nullptr);
    ControlHandles.push_back(std::make_tuple(ButtonName, ID, ButtonHandle));
    SendMessage(WindowHandle, WM_CREATE, 0, 0);
    return true;
}

int main()
{
    WinForm Form("Class", "Title", true);
    Form.AddButton("NewButton", {50, 50}, 25, 25);
}

在上面，它编译得很好并且显示窗口很好。它只是没有显示我试图动态添加到窗口的按钮。有谁知道如何将按钮动态添加到窗口并允许按钮注册消息？

4

1 回答 1

3

有很多问题，但主要问题是您拥有的 WM_PAINT 处理程序。这将阻止主窗口绘制这个子窗口。把它注释掉（并解决其他问题），你会没事的。

  1. 线程 - 不确定这是否是一个问题。这完全不标准。在主线程上创建主窗口（编辑：我认为线程的问题在于您创建了主窗口 - 并且在一个线程上具有消息循环，而控制窗口在另一个线程中。这是不允许的）。
  2. 您的逻辑何时Threaded为假是错误的。你不能在那里有消息循环。WinForm 的构造函数应该返回。否则，您将永远无法访问 Form.AddButton。
  3. 将消息循环作为 main 中的最后一件事
  4. 我认为您没有使用 Visual Studio。有很多语法问题（c++11 的东西微软还没有实现），Windows 应用程序的主要函数名为 WinMain。这很好，但不推荐。微软有一个优秀的免费编译器，如果你使用付费编译器，你可以使用 ATL，这很棒。
  5. 如果不注释掉 WM_PAINT，您的按钮就会创建，但它是不可见的。你可以用 Spy++ 发现它
  6. 删除case WM_PAIN:. 您正在阻止将调用子窗口指向自己的 DefWindowProc。
  7. 我第一次看到 Widnow Proc 的 lambda 表示法。这是一个不错的技巧，但我真的没有理由这样做。

下面的代码正在运行，并且包含针对 Visual Studio 2012 的修复程序。请注意，Microsoft 还没有初始化列表（这很糟糕）。不客气。

#include "stdafx.h"

using namespace std;

WNDCLASSEX defWndClass = { 0 };

class WinForm
{
    private:
        HWND WindowHandle;
        std::thread Thread;
        std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::size_t, HWND>> ControlHandles;

    public:
        ~WinForm();
        WinForm(std::string ClassName, std::string WindowName, bool Threaded = false, int Width = CW_USEDEFAULT,
            int Height = CW_USEDEFAULT, WNDPROC WindowProcedure = nullptr, WNDCLASSEX WndClass = defWndClass);
        bool AddButton(std::string ButtonName, POINT Location, int Width, int Height);
};

WinForm::~WinForm()
{
    if (Thread.joinable())
    {
        Thread.join();
    }
}

WinForm::WinForm(std::string ClassName, std::string WindowName, bool Threaded, int Width, int Height, WNDPROC WindowProcedure, WNDCLASSEX WndClass)
    :WindowHandle(nullptr)
{
    if (WindowProcedure == nullptr)
    {
        WindowProcedure = [](HWND window, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp) -> LRESULT __stdcall
        {
            switch(msg)
            {
                /*
                case WM_PAINT:
                    break;
                    */

                case WM_DESTROY:
                    PostQuitMessage(0);
                    return 0;

                case WM_CREATE:
                    break;

                default:
                    return DefWindowProc(window, msg, wp, lp);
            }
            return 0;
        };
    }

    if (WndClass.cbSize == 0)
    {
        WndClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
        WndClass.style = CS_DBLCLKS;
        WndClass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProcedure;
        WndClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
        WndClass.cbWndExtra = 0;
        WndClass.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(nullptr);
        WndClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(nullptr, IDI_APPLICATION);
        WndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
        WndClass.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
        WndClass.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
        WndClass.lpszClassName = ClassName.c_str();
        WndClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon( nullptr, IDI_APPLICATION);
    }

    if (RegisterClassEx(&WndClass))
    {
        if (Threaded)
        {
            // can't do that!
        }
        else
        {
            WindowHandle = CreateWindowEx(0, ClassName.c_str(), WindowName.c_str(), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, Width, Height, nullptr, nullptr, GetModuleHandle(nullptr), nullptr);
            if(WindowHandle)
            {
                ShowWindow(WindowHandle, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);

                // don't put message loop here!
            }
        }
    }
}

bool WinForm::AddButton(std::string ButtonName, POINT Location, int Width, int Height)
{
    for (std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::size_t, HWND>>::iterator it = ControlHandles.begin(); it != ControlHandles.end(); ++it)
    {
        auto& tu = *it;
        auto& str = std::get<0>(tu);
        if( ButtonName.compare( str ) == 0 ) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    std::size_t ID = 1;
    for (std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::size_t, HWND>>::iterator it = ControlHandles.begin(); it != ControlHandles.end(); ++it, ++ID)
    {
        if (std::get<1>(*it) != ID)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    HWND ButtonHandle = CreateWindowEx(
        0, "button", ButtonName.c_str(), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON, Location.x, Location.y, Width, Height, 
        WindowHandle, (HMENU)ID, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(WindowHandle, GWL_HINSTANCE), nullptr);
    ShowWindow( ButtonHandle, SW_SHOW );
    ControlHandles.push_back(std::make_tuple(ButtonName, ID, ButtonHandle));

    //SendMessage(WindowHandle, WM_CREATE, 0, 0);
    return true;
}

int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int )
{
    WinForm Form("Class", "Title", false);
    POINT pt = { 50, 50 };
    Form.AddButton("NewButton", pt, 80, 50);

    MSG msg = {nullptr};
    while(GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }

}
于 2013-03-06T15:57:10.660 回答