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我需要对我的设计用户模型进行一些更改跟踪。我正在尝试 paper_trail，但它在更改电子邮件和还原时会导致问题。我可以从下面的 rails 控制台用几行代码来演示这个问题：

1.9.3p385 :048 > u = User.create email: 'aaa@bob.com', password: 'password', username: 'bob'
   (0.2ms)  BEGIN
  User Exists (0.3ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`email` = BINARY 'aaa@bob.com' LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.1ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`username` = BINARY 'bob' LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.1ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`email` = BINARY 'aaa@bob.com' LIMIT 1
  User Load (0.2ms)  SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`confirmation_token` = 'zNfBSVLJJ9nF4y5sanVU' LIMIT 1
  SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO `users` (`confirmation_sent_at`, `confirmation_token`, `confirmed_at`, `created_at`, `current_sign_in_at`, `current_sign_in_ip`, `email`, `encrypted_password`, `last_sign_in_at`, `last_sign_in_ip`, `remember_created_at`, `reset_password_sent_at`, `reset_password_token`, `roles_mask`, `sign_in_count`, `unconfirmed_email`, `updated_at`, `username`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:15:53', 'zNfBSVLJJ9nF4y5sanVU', NULL, '2013-03-05 13:15:53', NULL, NULL, 'aaa@bob.com', '$2a$10$1BrAH1yqgF3qbgkmpMPl/uE0UY792aB8fvYKLksMnyQsn7sM/dY4O', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, '2013-03-05 13:15:53', 'bob')
  SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:15:53', 'create', 9, 'User', NULL, NULL)
   (1.3ms)  COMMIT
 => #<User id: 9, username: "bob", email: "aaa@bob.com", encrypted_password: "$2a$10$1BrAH1yqgF3qbgkmpMPl/uE0UY792aB8fvYKLksMnyQs...", reset_password_token: nil, reset_password_sent_at: nil, remember_created_at: nil, sign_in_count: 0, current_sign_in_at: nil, last_sign_in_at: nil, current_sign_in_ip: nil, last_sign_in_ip: nil, created_at: "2013-03-05 13:15:53", updated_at: "2013-03-05 13:15:53", roles_mask: nil, confirmation_token: "zNfBSVLJJ9nF4y5sanVU", confirmed_at: nil, confirmation_sent_at: "2013-03-05 13:15:53", unconfirmed_email: nil>
1.9.3p385 :049 > u.confirm!
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
   (0.6ms)  UPDATE `users` SET `confirmation_token` = NULL, `confirmed_at` = '2013-03-05 13:16:23', `updated_at` = '2013-03-05 13:16:23' WHERE `users`.`id` = 9
  SQL (0.4ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:16:23', 'update', 9, 'User', '---\nusername: bob\nemail: aaa@bob.com\nencrypted_password: !binary |-\n JDJhJDEwJDFCckFIMXlxZ0YzcWJna21wTVBsL3VFMFVZNzkyYUI4ZnZZS0xr\n c01ueVFzbjdzTS9kWTRP\nreset_password_token: \nreset_password_sent_at: \nremember_created_at: \nsign_in_count: 0\ncurrent_sign_in_at: \nlast_sign_in_at: \ncurrent_sign_in_ip: \nlast_sign_in_ip: \ncreated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.205031000 Z\nupdated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.205031000 Z\nroles_mask: \nconfirmation_token: zNfBSVLJJ9nF4y5sanVU\nconfirmed_at: \nconfirmation_sent_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.204780000 Z\nunconfirmed_email: \nid: 9\n', NULL)
   (25.4ms)  COMMIT
 => true
1.9.3p385 :050 > u.versions.length
  Version Load (0.5ms)  SELECT `versions`.* FROM `versions` WHERE `versions`.`item_id` = 9 AND `versions`.`item_type` = 'User' ORDER BY created_at ASC, id ASC
 => 2
1.9.3p385 :051 > u.email = 'bbb@bob.com'
 => "bbb@bob.com"
1.9.3p385 :052 > u.save
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
  User Exists (0.3ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`email` = BINARY 'bbb@bob.com' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`username` = BINARY 'bob' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`email` = BINARY 'bbb@bob.com' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
   (0.2ms)  UPDATE `users` SET `unconfirmed_email` = 'bbb@bob.com', `updated_at` = '2013-03-05 13:17:07' WHERE `users`.`id` = 9
  SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:17:07', 'update', 9, 'User', '---\nusername: bob\nemail: aaa@bob.com\nencrypted_password: !binary |-\n JDJhJDEwJDFCckFIMXlxZ0YzcWJna21wTVBsL3VFMFVZNzkyYUI4ZnZZS0xr\n c01ueVFzbjdzTS9kWTRP\nreset_password_token: \nreset_password_sent_at: \nremember_created_at: \nsign_in_count: 0\ncurrent_sign_in_at: \nlast_sign_in_at: \ncurrent_sign_in_ip: \nlast_sign_in_ip: \ncreated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.205031000 Z\nupdated_at: 2013-03-05 13:16:23.677037000 Z\nroles_mask: \nconfirmation_token: \nconfirmed_at: 2013-03-05 13:16:23.674113000 Z\nconfirmation_sent_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.204780000 Z\nunconfirmed_email: \nid: 9\n', NULL)
  User Load (0.2ms)  SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`confirmation_token` = 'KJHQCtu74MqUSAdczu3Q' LIMIT 1
   (11.2ms)  UPDATE `users` SET `unconfirmed_email` = 'bbb@bob.com', `updated_at` = '2013-03-05 13:17:07', `confirmation_token` = 'KJHQCtu74MqUSAdczu3Q', `confirmation_sent_at` = '2013-03-05 13:17:07' WHERE `users`.`id` = 9
  SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:17:07', 'update', 9, 'User', '---\nusername: bob\nemail: aaa@bob.com\nencrypted_password: !binary |-\n JDJhJDEwJDFCckFIMXlxZ0YzcWJna21wTVBsL3VFMFVZNzkyYUI4ZnZZS0xr\n c01ueVFzbjdzTS9kWTRP\nreset_password_token: \nreset_password_sent_at: \nremember_created_at: \nsign_in_count: 0\ncurrent_sign_in_at: \nlast_sign_in_at: \ncurrent_sign_in_ip: \nlast_sign_in_ip: \ncreated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.205031000 Z\nupdated_at: 2013-03-05 13:16:23.677037000 Z\nroles_mask: \nconfirmation_token: \nconfirmed_at: 2013-03-05 13:16:23.674113000 Z\nconfirmation_sent_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.204780000 Z\nunconfirmed_email: \nid: 9\n', NULL)
   (0.5ms)  COMMIT
 => true
1.9.3p385 :053 > u.email
 => "aaa@bob.com"
1.9.3p385 :054 > u.unconfirmed_email
 => "bbb@bob.com"
1.9.3p385 :055 > u.confirm!
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
  User Exists (0.3ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`email` = BINARY 'bbb@bob.com' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`username` = BINARY 'bob' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`email` = BINARY 'bbb@bob.com' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
   (0.3ms)  UPDATE `users` SET `confirmation_token` = NULL, `confirmed_at` = '2013-03-05 13:18:08', `email` = 'bbb@bob.com', `unconfirmed_email` = NULL, `updated_at` = '2013-03-05 13:18:08' WHERE `users`.`id` = 9
  SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:18:08', 'update', 9, 'User', '---\nusername: bob\nemail: aaa@bob.com\nencrypted_password: !binary |-\n JDJhJDEwJDFCckFIMXlxZ0YzcWJna21wTVBsL3VFMFVZNzkyYUI4ZnZZS0xr\n c01ueVFzbjdzTS9kWTRP\nreset_password_token: \nreset_password_sent_at: \nremember_created_at: \nsign_in_count: 0\ncurrent_sign_in_at: \nlast_sign_in_at: \ncurrent_sign_in_ip: \nlast_sign_in_ip: \ncreated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.205031000 Z\nupdated_at: 2013-03-05 13:17:07.788127000 Z\nroles_mask: \nconfirmation_token: KJHQCtu74MqUSAdczu3Q\nconfirmed_at: 2013-03-05 13:16:23.674113000 Z\nconfirmation_sent_at: 2013-03-05 13:17:07.790567000 Z\nunconfirmed_email: bbb@bob.com\nid: 9\n', NULL)
   (15.4ms)  COMMIT
 => true
1.9.3p385 :056 > u.email
 => "bbb@bob.com"
1.9.3p385 :057 > u.versions.last.reify.save # revert to before the email confirm
  User Load (0.3ms)  SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`id` = 9 LIMIT 1
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`email` = BINARY 'aaa@bob.com' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`username` = BINARY 'bob' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
  User Exists (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM `users` WHERE (`users`.`email` = BINARY 'aaa@bob.com' AND `users`.`id` != 9) LIMIT 1
   (0.3ms)  UPDATE `users` SET `created_at` = '2013-03-05 13:15:53', `updated_at` = '2013-03-05 13:17:07', `confirmation_token` = 'KJHQCtu74MqUSAdczu3Q', `confirmed_at` = '2013-03-05 13:16:23', `confirmation_sent_at` = '2013-03-05 13:17:07', `unconfirmed_email` = 'aaa@bob.com' WHERE `users`.`id` = 9
  SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:20:13', 'update', 9, 'User', '---\nusername: bob\nemail: bbb@bob.com\nencrypted_password: !binary |-\n JDJhJDEwJDFCckFIMXlxZ0YzcWJna21wTVBsL3VFMFVZNzkyYUI4ZnZZS0xr\n c01ueVFzbjdzTS9kWTRP\nreset_password_token: \nreset_password_sent_at: \nremember_created_at: \nsign_in_count: 0\ncurrent_sign_in_at: \nlast_sign_in_at: \ncurrent_sign_in_ip: \nlast_sign_in_ip: \ncreated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.000000000 Z\nupdated_at: 2013-03-05 13:18:08.000000000 Z\nroles_mask: \nconfirmation_token: \nconfirmed_at: 2013-03-05 13:18:08.000000000 Z\nconfirmation_sent_at: 2013-03-05 13:17:07.000000000 Z\nunconfirmed_email: \nid: 9\n', NULL)
  User Load (0.2ms)  SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`confirmation_token` = 'q9Y5ovWigLySxvz7PsaB' LIMIT 1
   (0.2ms)  UPDATE `users` SET `created_at` = '2013-03-05 13:15:53', `updated_at` = '2013-03-05 13:17:07', `confirmed_at` = '2013-03-05 13:16:23', `confirmation_sent_at` = '2013-03-05 13:20:13', `unconfirmed_email` = 'aaa@bob.com', `confirmation_token` = 'q9Y5ovWigLySxvz7PsaB' WHERE `users`.`id` = 9
  SQL (17.4ms)  INSERT INTO `versions` (`created_at`, `event`, `item_id`, `item_type`, `object`, `whodunnit`) VALUES ('2013-03-05 13:20:13', 'update', 9, 'User', '---\nusername: bob\nemail: bbb@bob.com\nencrypted_password: !binary |-\n JDJhJDEwJDFCckFIMXlxZ0YzcWJna21wTVBsL3VFMFVZNzkyYUI4ZnZZS0xr\n c01ueVFzbjdzTS9kWTRP\nreset_password_token: \nreset_password_sent_at: \nremember_created_at: \nsign_in_count: 0\ncurrent_sign_in_at: \nlast_sign_in_at: \ncurrent_sign_in_ip: \nlast_sign_in_ip: \ncreated_at: 2013-03-05 13:15:53.000000000 Z\nupdated_at: 2013-03-05 13:18:08.000000000 Z\nroles_mask: \nconfirmation_token: \nconfirmed_at: 2013-03-05 13:18:08.000000000 Z\nconfirmation_sent_at: 2013-03-05 13:17:07.000000000 Z\nunconfirmed_email: \nid: 9\n', NULL)
   (7.0ms)  COMMIT
 => true

现在，我们已将用户恢复到确认新电子邮件之前的状态：

1.9.3p385 :059 > u = User.where(username: 'bob').first
  User Load (0.4ms)  SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`username` = 'bob' LIMIT 1
 => #<User id: 9, username: "bob", email: "bbb@bob.com", encrypted_password: "$2a$10$1BrAH1yqgF3qbgkmpMPl/uE0UY792aB8fvYKLksMnyQs...", reset_password_token: nil, reset_password_sent_at: nil, remember_created_at: nil, sign_in_count: 0, current_sign_in_at: nil, last_sign_in_at: nil, current_sign_in_ip: nil, last_sign_in_ip: nil, created_at: "2013-03-05 13:15:53", updated_at: "2013-03-05 13:17:07", roles_mask: nil, confirmation_token: "q9Y5ovWigLySxvz7PsaB", confirmed_at: "2013-03-05 13:16:23", confirmation_sent_at: "2013-03-05 13:20:13", unconfirmed_email: "aaa@bob.com">
1.9.3p385 :060 > u.email
 => "bbb@bob.com"
1.9.3p385 :061 > u.unconfirmed_email
 => "aaa@bob.com"

我们可以看到，这不是之前 User 的状态。我猜这是因为 Devise 检测到电子邮件更改并且设置为新电子邮件的内容被设置为未确认的电子邮件。无论如何我只能在恢复到该对象的先前版本时绕过它？

另外，我注意到 DeviseUSER users为单个电子邮件更新执行 2 个语句（第一个是第二个的子集）。有什么原因吗？有解决办法吗？它为用户添加了一个额外的、不必要的版本记录。

4

1 回答 1

0

我花了更多时间在设计和 paper_trail 上，并相信我已经弄清楚如何手动更改电子邮件并跳过（重新）可确认的选项。

# skipping the initial confirmation
user = User.new email: 'foo@bar.com', password: 'secret', username: 'foo'
user.skip_confirmation!
user.save
user.versions.length # => 1

# skip the reconfirmation
user.email = 'bar@baz.com'
user.skip_reconfirmation!
user.save
user.versions.length # => 2

# revert
reverted_user = user.versions.last.reify
reverted_user.live? # => false
reverted_user.skip_reconfirmation!
reverted_user.save
reverted_user.live? # => true
reverted_user.email # => "foo@bar.com"

使skip_reconfirmation!保存设置email字段直接而不是将其设置为unconfirmed_email.

编辑：经过更多的工作，我再次对 paper_trail 正在做什么感到困惑：

let(:user) { User.new(username: 'bob', email: 'bob@default.com', password: 'secret101') }  
it "can revert to a previous version" do
  user.save # version 1 (unconfirmed)

  user.confirm! # version 2 (confirmed)

  user.email.should eq 'bob@default.com'
  user.unconfirmed_email.should be_nil

  user.update_attributes email: 'bob@builder.com' # version 3, 4 (un-reconfirmed)
  user.versions.should have(4).items

  user.email.should eq 'bob@default.com'
  user.unconfirmed_email.should eq 'bob@builder.com'

  user.confirm! # version 5 (reconfirmed)
  user.versions.should have(5).items

  user.email.should eq 'bob@builder.com'
  user.unconfirmed_email.should be_nil

  # revert to the first confirmed user
  reverted_user = user.versions[2].reify
  reverted_user.email.should eq 'bob@default.com'
  reverted_user.unconfirmed_email.should be_nil
  reverted_user.should be_confirmed
  reverted_user.should_not be_live
  reverted_user.skip_reconfirmation!
  reverted_user.save!.should be_true
  reverted_user.should be_live # FAILS

  live_user = User.where(username: 'bob').first
  live_user.should be_live
  live_user.should be_confirmed
  live_user.email.should eq 'bob@default.com'
  live_user.unconfirmed_email.should be_nil

  user.email.should eq 'bob@builder.com' # => passes
  user.should_not be_live # => FAILS
end

我不明白为什么用“FAILS”注释的 2 个项目不符合规范

于 2013-03-06T02:04:49.927 回答