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我有三个 VSAM 文件。一种用于客户、视频和租赁。在这些 VSAM 文件中，每个客户、视频和租赁都有一个 ID。以下是客户文件的示例：

300，鲍勃，315-123-1414

301，瑞恩，315-213-2617

302，史密斯，315-123-1234

303，罗伯塔，212-125-1234

视频文件和租借文件的设置方式相同。

我需要做的是编写一个 cobol 程序来读取这些 VSAM 文件，然后列出客户、视频以及客户租用的视频。我计划通过为每个客户设置一个 ID 号，然后将该 ID 号与租借的视频一起使用来做到这一点。

我到目前为止的cobol代码如下：

ID DIVISION.
    PROGRAM-ID. PROG3

    ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
    CONFIGURATION SECTION.
    SOURCE-COMPUTER. IBM-Z10.
    OBJECT-COMPUTER. IBM-Z10.
    INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
    FILE-CONTROL.
         SELECT CUR-FILE ASSIGN TO MYFILE1
         ORGANIZATION INDEXED ACCESS IS SEQUENTIAL
         RECORD KEY IS EMP-NO FILE STATUS IS F13.

    DATA DIVISION.
    FILE SECTION.
    FD  CUR-FILE
        RECORD CONTAINS 80 CHARACTERS
        DATA RECORD IS CUR-REC.
      01 CUR-REC.
        02 EMP-NO      PIC X(6).
        02 EMP-NAME    PIC X(24).
        02 EMP-ADDRESS PIC X(50).
      WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
      77 F13 PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.


      PROCEDURE DIVISION.
      0001-MAIN.
          DISPLAY ' I M IN MAIN '.
          DISPLAY ' I M IN MAIN '.
          OPEN OUTPUT CUR-FILE. IF F13 = 00
          DISPLAY ' I M OPENED SUCCESSFULLY ' ELSE
          DISPLAY 'OPEN-ERROR ' F13 STOP RUN.
          MOVE '822655' TO EMP-NO.
          DISPLAY EMP-NO.
          MOVE 'MUSADDIQ USMAN' TO EMP-NAME.
          MOVE 'P-5/01 STEEL TOWN' TO EMP-ADDRESS.
          DISPLAY CUR-REC.
          WRITE CUR-REC.
          IF F13 = 00 DISPLAY 'WRITE SUCCESSFUL' ELSE
          DISPLAY 'WRITE ERROR ' F13 STOP RUN.
          CLOSE CUR-FILE.
          STOP RUN.

下面我添加了 Read 程序，我认为这将帮助您，希望对我有所帮助：

ID DIVISION.
    PROGRAM-ID. RDVSAM.

    ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
    CONFIGURATION SECTION.
    SOURCE-COMPUTER. IBM-Z10.
    OBJECT-COMPUTER. IBM-Z10.
    INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
    FILE-CONTROL.
         SELECT CUR-FILE ASSIGN TO MYFILE1
         ORGANIZATION INDEXED ACCESS IS SEQUENTIAL
         RECORD KEY IS EMP-NO FILE STATUS IS F13.

    DATA DIVISION.
    FILE SECTION.
    FD  CUR-FILE
        RECORD CONTAINS 80 CHARACTERS
        DATA RECORD IS CUR-REC.
      01 CUR-REC.
        02 EMP-NO PIC 9(6).
        02 EMP-NAME PIC X(24).
        02 EMP-ADDRESS PIC X(50).
    WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
    77 F13 PIC 99 VALUE ZEROS.

    PROCEDURE DIVISION.
    0001-MAIN.
       OPEN INPUT CUR-FILE. IF F13 = 00
       DISPLAY ' I M OPENED SUCCESSFULLY ' ELSE
       DISPLAY 'OPEN-ERROR ' F13 STOP RUN.
    REAd-FILE.
       READ CUR-FILE AT END GO TO CLOSE-UP.
       DISPLAY EMP-NO ' ' EMP-NAME ' ' EMP-ADDRESS.
       GO TO READ-FILE.
    CLOSE-UP.
       CLOSE CUR-FILE.
       STOP RUN.

我被卡住了，不知道如何列出所有信息。

谢谢

4

2 回答 2

2

请参阅http://opencobol.add1tocobol.com/#does-opencobol-support-isam的示例，而不是扫描 INDEXED 文件，也许还有http://opencobol.add1tocobol.com/#relative（不同的文件组织）

注意：这只是为了提示。查看 START 和 READ NEXT 以获取线索

OCOBOL >>SOURCE FORMAT IS FIXED
      *> ***************************************************************
      *><* ================
      *><* indexing example
      *><* ================
      *><* :Author:    Brian Tiffin
      *><* :Date:      17-Feb-2009
      *><* :Purpose:   Fun with Indexed IO routines
      *><* :Tectonics: cobc -x indexing.cob
      *> ***************************************************************
       identification division.
       program-id. indexing.

       environment division.
       configuration section.

       input-output section.
       file-control.
          select optional indexing
          assign to "indexing.dat"
          organization is indexed
          access mode is dynamic
          record key is keyfield of indexing-record
          alternate record key is splitkey of indexing-record
              with duplicates
          .

      *> ** OpenCOBOL does not yet support split keys **
      *>  alternate record key is newkey
      *>      source is first-part of indexing-record
      *>                last-part of indexing-record
      *>      with duplicates

       data division.
       file section.
       fd indexing.
       01 indexing-record.
          03 keyfield          pic x(8).
          03 splitkey.
             05 first-part     pic 99.
             05 middle-part    pic x.
             05 last-part      pic 99.
          03 data-part         pic x(54).

       working-storage section.
       01 display-record.
          03 filler            pic x(4)  value spaces.
          03 keyfield          pic x(8).
          03 filler            pic xx    value spaces.
          03 splitkey.
             05 first-part     pic z9.
             05 filler         pic x     value space.
             05 middle-part    pic x.
             05 filler         pic xx    value all "+".
             05 last-part      pic z9.
          03 filler            pic x(4)  value all "-".
          03 data-part         pic x(54).

      *> control break
       01 oldkey               pic 99x99.

      *> In a real app this should well be two separate flags
       01 control-flag         pic x.
          88 no-more-duplicates          value high-value
             when set to false is              low-value.
          88 no-more-records             value high-value
             when set to false is              low-value.

      *> ***************************************************************
       procedure division.

      *> Open optional index file for read write
       open i-o indexing

      *> populate a sample database
       move "1234567800a01some 12345678 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "8765432100a01some 87654321 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "1234876500a01some 12348765 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "8765123400a01some 87651234 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record

       move "1234567900b02some 12345679 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "9765432100b02some 97654321 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "1234976500b02some 12349765 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "9765123400b02some 97651234 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record

       move "1234568900c13some 12345689 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "9865432100c13some 98654321 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "1234986500c13some 12349865 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record
       move "9865123400c13some 98651234 data here" to indexing-record
       perform write-indexing-record

      *> close it ... not necessary, but for the example
       close indexing

      *> clear the record space for this example
       move spaces to indexing-record

      *> open the data file again
       open i-o indexing

      *> read all the duplicate 00b02 keys
       move 00 to first-part of indexing-record
       move "b" to middle-part of indexing-record
       move 02 to last-part of indexing-record

      *> using read key and then next key / last key compare
       set no-more-duplicates to false
       perform read-indexing-record
       perform read-next-record
           until no-more-duplicates

      *> read by key of reference ... the cool stuff
       move 00 to first-part of indexing-record
       move "a" to middle-part of indexing-record
       move 02 to last-part of indexing-record

      *> using start and read next
       set no-more-records to false
       perform start-at-key
       perform read-next-by-key
           until no-more-records

      *> read by primary key of reference
       move "87654321" to keyfield of indexing-record

      *>
       set no-more-records to false
       perform start-prime-key
       perform read-previous-by-key
           until no-more-records

      *> and with that we are done with indexing sample
       close indexing

       goback.
      *> ***************************************************************

      *><* Write paragraph
       write-indexing-record.
         write indexing-record
             invalid key
                 display
                     "rewrite key: " keyfield of indexing-record
                 end-display
                   rewrite indexing-record
                       invalid key
                           display
                               "really bad key: "
                               keyfield of indexing-record
                           end-display
                   end-rewrite
         end-write
       .

      *><* read by alternate key paragraph
       read-indexing-record.
           display "Reading: " splitkey of indexing-record end-display
           read indexing key is splitkey of indexing-record
         invalid key
             display
                "bad read key: " splitkey of indexing-record
             end-display
               set no-more-duplicates to true
           end-read
       .

      *><* read next sequential paragraph
       read-next-record.
           move corresponding indexing-record to display-record
           display display-record end-display
           move splitkey of indexing-record to oldkey

           read indexing next record
               at end set no-more-duplicates to true
               not at end
                   if oldkey not equal splitkey of indexing-record
                       set no-more-duplicates to true
                   end-if
           end-read
       .

      *><* start primary key of reference paragraph
       start-prime-key.
           display "Prime < " keyfield of indexing-record end-display
           start indexing
              key is less than
                  keyfield of indexing-record
              invalid key
                  display
                      "bad start: " keyfield of indexing-record
                  end-display
                  set no-more-records to true
              not invalid key
                  read indexing previous record
                      at end set no-more-records to true
                  end-read
           end-start
       .

      *><* read previous by key of reference paragraph
       read-previous-by-key.
           move corresponding indexing-record to display-record
           display display-record end-display

           read indexing previous record
               at end set no-more-records to true
           end-read
       .
      *><* start alternate key of reference paragraph
       start-at-key.
           display "Seeking >= " splitkey of indexing-record end-display
           start indexing
              key is greater than or equal to
                  splitkey of indexing-record
              invalid key
                  display
                      "bad start: " splitkey of indexing-record
                  end-display
                  set no-more-records to true
              not invalid key
                  read indexing next record
                      at end set no-more-records to true
                  end-read
           end-start
       .

      *><* read next by key of reference paragraph
       read-next-by-key.
           move corresponding indexing-record to display-record
           display display-record end-display

           read indexing next record
               at end set no-more-records to true
           end-read
       .
       end program indexing.
于 2013-03-02T23:49:53.453 回答
1

好的，IBM Cobol 手册，我假设 IBM 由于 VSAM，可以在线获得。为您的编译器版本搜索“语言参考”和“编程指南”（这是每个编译列表的首页）。

您将需要带有 KEY 的 READ 来查找单个记录，或者，如果您有一组记录，您也可以使用带有 key/START 和 READ NEXT 的 READ。如果您只有部分密钥，则使用 START 和 READ NEXT。这已经由布赖恩提出。

你在学习 Cobol 吗？您应该努力避免 GO TO 并以不同的方式格式化您的程序，每行只有一个动词，也可以帮助您进一步减少句号/句号（请查看 Brian 的示例，以了解末尾的“仅句号”行每个段落，除了段落/SECTIONS和PROCEDURE DIVISION语句本身之外，这是您最需要的句号，如果没有段落/SECTIONS，则结束程序。

您不应该从 Brian 的代码中复制一件事，那就是“环境”。在大型机上，如果您在文件打开之前或文件关闭之后访问记录区域，您将获得 S0C4 异常终止（除非它是直接应用或通过 AWO 编译选项仅应用写入的 QSAM 文件）。

在读取之前无需将记录区域设置为初始值。

于 2013-03-03T06:51:42.607 回答