sql - 列出在另一组记录的 x 小时内出现的所有 SQL 记录

Question

我什至接近这个？
我正在尝试列出所有包含“Ape”的记录......以及在任何“Ape”记录之前 x 天出现的所有记录。我想我需要一个自连接表？

-- Doesn't work:
SELECT tblA.MyDate, tblA.MyPet  FROM TestTable As tblA                      WHERE tblA.MyPet='Ape'
UNION
SELECT tblA.MyDate, tblA.MyPet  FROM TestTable AS tblA, TestTable AS tblB   WHERE tblA.MyPet='Ape' AND tblA.MyDate>tblB.MyDate-0.5 AND tblA.MyDate<tblB.MyDate
ORDER BY tblA.MyDate ASC

-- Doesn't work:
SELECT * FROM TestTable As tblA     INNER JOIN TestTable As tblB ON tblA.MyPet =         'Ape'     AND tblA.MyDate>tblB.MyDate-1  AND tblA.MyKey>tblB.MyKey

-- Doesn't work:
SELECT * FROM TestTable WHERE MyDate IN (SELECT MyDate-1 FROM TestTable WHERE MyPet='Ape')

-- Doesn't work
SELECT id, uid, date FROM orders current
WHERE EXISTS 
(
   SELECT * from orders future 
   WHERE future.date < DateAdd(DAYS, 1, current.date)
   AND future.date > getdate()
   AND future.uid = current.uid
)

-- Doesn't work
SELECT * FROM TestTable AS tblA
WHERE EXISTS
( 
   SELECT * FROM TestTable AS tblB
   WHERE tblB < DateAdd(DAYS, 1, tblA.MyDate)
   AND tblB.MYDate > GetDate()
   AND tblA.MyKey = tblB.MyKey
)

============================ 以下是表格：

CREATE TABLE TestTable   
(
MyKey       Int             IDENTITY(1,1)   PRIMARY KEY,     

MyDate      DateTime        NOT NULL    DEFAULT GetDate(),
MyPet       VarChar(22)     NOT NULL    DEFAULT ''
)

INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('01-Dec-2012 06:12:10', 'Cat'   )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('01-Dec-2012 10:11:10', 'Dog'   )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('01-Dec-2012 14:13:10', 'Fish'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('01-Dec-2012 16:14:10', 'Duck'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('01-Dec-2012 17:15:10', 'Bird'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('01-Dec-2012 20:16:10', 'Kitten')
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('02-Dec-2012 01:17:10', 'Dog'   )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('02-Dec-2012 12:19:10', 'Fish'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('02-Dec-2012 13:20:10', 'Duck'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('02-Dec-2012 14:21:10', 'Bird'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('02-Dec-2012 16:18:10', 'Cat'   )     -- These are within 1 day before any "Ape" record

INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('03-Dec-2012 05:26:10', 'Dog'   )     --
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('03-Dec-2012 11:22:10', 'Kitten')     --
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('03-Dec-2012 12:23:10', 'Duck'  )     --
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('03-Dec-2012 13:24:10', 'Bird'  )     --
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('03-Dec-2012 14:25:10', 'Ape'   )     -- An "Ape" record
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('03-Dec-2012 16:27:10', 'Cat'   )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('04-Dec-2012 01:32:10', 'Dog'   )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('04-Dec-2012 04:28:10', 'Fish'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('04-Dec-2012 07:30:10', 'Bird'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('04-Dec-2012 10:31:10', 'Kitten')
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('04-Dec-2012 16:29:10', 'Duck'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('05-Dec-2012 11:35:10', 'Kitten')
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('05-Dec-2012 12:36:10', 'Duck'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('05-Dec-2012 13:33:10', 'Duck'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('05-Dec-2012 13:37:10', 'Bird'  )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('05-Dec-2012 14:34:10', 'Dog'   )
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('06-Dec-2012 04:41:10', 'Fish'  )     -- These are within 1 day before any "Ape" record
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('06-Dec-2012 05:39:10', 'Dog'   )     --
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('06-Dec-2012 14:38:10', 'Kitten')     --
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('06-Dec-2012 16:40:10', 'Ape'   )     -- An "Ape" record
INSERT INTO TestTable(MyDate, MyPet)   VALUES('06-Dec-2012 16:42:10', 'Duck'  )

Answer 1

这就是你想要的：

SELECT DISTINCT
    tblA.*
FROM TestTable AS tblA
    INNER JOIN TestTable AS tblB
        ON (tblA.MyDate >= DATEADD(day, -1, tblB.MyDate)) AND (tblA.MyDate <= tblB.Mydate) AND (tblB.MyPet = 'Ape');

这是有效的SQLFiddle。

更新

DISTINCT根据 Gordon 在下面的评论添加。

Answer 2

我认为您正在寻找的配方是：

SELECT *
FROM TestTable tblA
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT *
              FROM TestTable tblB
              WHERE tblB.mydate between tblA.MyDate - X and tblA.MyDate and
                    tblB.MyPet = 'Ape'
             )

两个笔记。首先，这使用语法“date - x”，当 date 是 adatetime但不是 a时有效date。它相当于dateadd(day, -x, tbla.MyDate)。

其次，这将返回所有带有 'Ape' 的记录，因为它between处理相等性。

Jesse 的查询使用外连接和 distinct 基本上做同样的事情。

Answer 3

1. 过程：分别编写查询的每一半，并测试它是否有效。然后将它们与 UNION 放在一起。
2. 如果要删除重复项，请使用 UNION ALL 而不是 UNION。

Answer 4

SQL小提琴

查询 1：

-- Doesn't work:
SELECT tblA.MyDate, tblA.MyPet  
FROM TestTable As tblA
WHERE tblA.MyPet='Ape'
UNION all
SELECT tblA.MyDate, tblA.MyPet  
FROM TestTable AS tblA
WHERE dateadd(day, 1, tblA.MyDate) < (select min(MyDate) from TestTable where MyPet = 'Ape')
ORDER BY tblA.MyDate ASC

结果：

|                          MYDATE |  MYPET |
--------------------------------------------
| December, 01 2012 06:12:10+0000 |    Cat |
| December, 01 2012 10:11:10+0000 |    Dog |
| December, 01 2012 14:13:10+0000 |   Fish |
| December, 01 2012 16:14:10+0000 |   Duck |
| December, 01 2012 17:15:10+0000 |   Bird |
| December, 01 2012 20:16:10+0000 | Kitten |
| December, 02 2012 01:17:10+0000 |    Dog |
| December, 02 2012 12:19:10+0000 |   Fish |
| December, 02 2012 13:20:10+0000 |   Duck |
| December, 02 2012 14:21:10+0000 |   Bird |
| December, 03 2012 14:25:10+0000 |    Ape |
| December, 06 2012 16:40:10+0000 |    Ape |

编辑

如果您需要在第一个 Ape 记录之前的 x 天内发生的记录，则查询应该是（例如 x = 1）

SELECT tblA.MyDate, tblA.MyPet  
FROM TestTable As tblA
WHERE tblA.MyPet='Ape'
UNION
SELECT tblA.MyDate, tblA.MyPet  
FROM TestTable AS tblA
WHERE (select min(MyDate) from TestTable where MyPet = 'Ape') between tblA.MyDate and dateadd(day, 1, tblA.MyDate)
ORDER BY tblA.MyDate ASC