下面是一个狂野的、未经彻底测试的尝试,仅对 C++11 有帮助(实际上,它并不需要任何 C++11 功能,但这样编写更容易)。
然而,这个特性只检查“是主要基类”属性的传递闭包:我无法找到一种非侵入式的方式来验证一个类是否是另一个类的直接基类。
#include <type_traits>
template<typename B, typename D, D* p = nullptr, typename = void>
struct is_primary_base_of : std::false_type { };
template<typename B, typename D, D* p>
struct is_primary_base_of<B, D, p,
typename std::enable_if<
((int)(p + 1024) - (int)static_cast<B*>(p + 1024)) == 0
>::type
>
:
std::true_type { };
这是一个例子:
struct A { virtual ~A() { } };
struct B : A { };
struct C { virtual ~C() { } };
struct D : B, C { };
struct E : virtual A, C { };
int main()
{
// Does not fire (A is PBC of B, which is PBC of D)
static_assert(is_primary_base_of<A, D>::value, "Error!");
// Does not fire (B is PBC of C)
static_assert(is_primary_base_of<B, D>::value, "Error!");
// Fires (C is not PBC of D)
static_assert(is_primary_base_of<C, D>::value, "Error!");
// Fires (A is inherited virtually by E, so it is not PBC of E)
static_assert(is_primary_base_of<A, E>::value, "Error!");
// Does not fire (C is the first non-virtual base class of E)
static_assert(is_primary_base_of<C, E>::value, "Error!");
}