Afaik CLR 托管堆不会分配大于 2 GB 的任何内容，并且 MemoryStream 由实时、连续的字节 [] 支持。大对象堆不处理超过 2GB 的分配，甚至在 x64 上也不处理。
但是将整个文件存储在内存中只是为了计算哈希似乎技术含量很低。您可以在接收字节时逐块计算哈希。每次 IO 完成后，您可以对接收到的字节进行哈希处理，然后将写入提交到文件。最后，您计算了哈希并上传了文件，huraay。
顺便说一句，如果您寻求代码来操作文件，请避开任何包含以下词语的样本ReadToEnd......
class Program
{
private static AutoResetEvent done = new AutoResetEvent(false);
private static AsyncCallback _callbackReadStream;
private static AsyncCallback _callbackWriteFile;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
_callbackReadStream = new AsyncCallback(CallbackReadStream);
_callbackWriteFile = new AsyncCallback(CallbackWriteFile);
string url = "http://...";
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "GET";
request.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(
CallbackGetResponse), request);
done.WaitOne();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
private class State
{
public Stream ReponseStream { get; set; }
public HashAlgorithm Hash { get; set; }
public Stream FileStream { get; set; }
private byte[] _buffer = new byte[16379];
public byte[] Buffer { get { return _buffer; } }
public int ReadBytes { get; set; }
public long FileLength {get;set;}
}
static void CallbackGetResponse(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
WebRequest request = (WebRequest)ar.AsyncState;
WebResponse response = request.EndGetResponse(ar);
State s = new State();
s.ReponseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
s.FileStream = new FileStream("download.out"
, FileMode.Create
, FileAccess.Write
, FileShare.None);
s.Hash = HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5");
s.ReponseStream.BeginRead(
s.Buffer
, 0
, s.Buffer.Length
, _callbackReadStream
, s);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(e.Message);
done.Set();
}
}
private static void CallbackReadStream(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
State s = (State)ar.AsyncState;
s.ReadBytes = s.ReponseStream.EndRead(ar);
s.Hash.ComputeHash(s.Buffer, 0, s.ReadBytes);
s.FileStream.BeginWrite(
s.Buffer
, 0
, s.ReadBytes
, _callbackWriteFile
, s);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(e.Message);
done.Set();
}
}
static private void CallbackWriteFile(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
State s = (State)ar.AsyncState;
s.FileStream.EndWrite(ar);
s.FileLength += s.ReadBytes;
if (0 != s.ReadBytes)
{
s.ReponseStream.BeginRead(
s.Buffer
, 0
, s.Buffer.Length
, _callbackReadStream
, s);
}
else
{
Console.Out.Write("Downloaded {0} bytes. Hash(base64):{1}",
s.FileLength, Convert.ToBase64String(s.Hash.Hash));
done.Set();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(e.Message);
done.Set();
}
}
}