这个问题和解决方案总结自https://www.dbtsai.com/blog/2013/java-concurrent-dynamic-object-pool-for-non-thread-safe-objects-using-blocking-queue/
并发对象池可以通过Java并发包中的阻塞队列来构建,ArrayBlockingQueue也支持我们需要的公平性。在这个实现中,我使用 ReentrantLock 来控制我们是否可以在池中创建一个新对象。因此,在非动态创建模式下,即在构造函数中创建所有对象时,这个锁会一直被锁定;在动态创建模式下,每次只能创建一个对象,所以如果有另一个线程获取该对象,它会从阻塞remove的pool.take()中获取该对象,并等待一个新的可用队列中的资源。
public abstract class ResourcePool {
private final BlockingQueue pool;
private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private int createdObjects = 0;
private int size;
protected ResourcePool(int size) {
this(size, false);
}
protected ResourcePool(int size, Boolean dynamicCreation) {
// Enable the fairness; otherwise, some threads
// may wait forever.
pool = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(size, true);
this.size = size;
if (!dynamicCreation) {
lock.lock();
}
}
public Resource acquire() throws Exception {
if (!lock.isLocked()) {
if (lock.tryLock()) {
try {
++createdObjects;
return createObject();
} finally {
if (createdObjects < size) lock.unlock();
}
}
}
return pool.take();
}
public void recycle(Resource resource) throws Exception {
// Will throws Exception when the queue is full,
// but it should never happen.
pool.add(resource);
}
public void createPool() {
if (lock.isLocked()) {
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
pool.add(createObject());
createdObjects++;
}
}
}
protected abstract Resource createObject();
}
在下面的例子中,有 5 个客户端线程同时获取资源池中的两个 DataTimeFormat 对象,这些客户端线程总共会进行 30 次计算。
class DataTimeFormatResourcePool extends ResourcePool<SimpleDateFormat> {
DataTimeFormatResourcePool(int size, Boolean dynamicCreation) {
super(size, dynamicCreation);
createPool();
}
@Override
protected SimpleDateFormat createObject() {
return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
}
public Date convert(String input) throws Exception {
SimpleDateFormat format = acquire();
try {
return format.parse(input);
} finally {
recycle(format);
}
}
}
public class ResourcePoolExample {
public static void main(String args[]) {
final DataTimeFormatResourcePool pool = new DataTimeFormatResourcePool(2, true);
Callable<Date> task = new Callable<Date>() {
@Override
public Date call() throws Exception {
return pool.convert("20130224");
}
};
ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
List<Future<Date>> results = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
results.add(exec.submit(task));
}
exec.shutdown();
try {
for (Future<Date> result : results) {
System.out.println(result.get());
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}