如果您使用的是 Python 2.6 或更高版本,则可以使用标准库中的抽象基类模块来强制执行抽象性。这是一个例子:
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
class SomeAbstractClass(object):
__metaclass__ = ABCMeta
@abstractmethod
def this_method_must_be_overridden(self):
return "But it can have an implementation (callable via super)."
class ConcreteSubclass(SomeAbstractClass):
def this_method_must_be_overridden(self):
s = super(ConcreteSubclass, self).this_method_must_be_overridden()
return s.replace("can", "does").replace(" (callable via super)", "")
输出:
>>> a = SomeAbstractClass()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#13>", line 1, in <module>
a = SomeAbstractClass()
TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class SomeAbstractClass with abstract
methods this_method_must_be_overridden
>>> c = ConcreteSubclass()
>>> c.this_method_must_be_overridden()
'But it does have an implementation.'