我正在尝试使用 mysqldb 使用 python 打开本地 mysql 数据库并收到此错误：
File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line 56, in <module>
class Connection(_mysql.connection):
File "c:\python27\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line 154, in Connection
kwargs2 = kwargs.copy()
NameError: name 'kwargs' is not defined
2013-02-17 14:51:37 (Process exited with code 1)
这是 mysqldb 调用的 connection.py 模块中的 Connection 类的代码。第 154 行的错误是此代码的最后一行。
class Connection(_mysql.connection):
"""MySQL Database Connection Object"""
default_cursor = cursors.Cursor
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
connection = MySQLdb.connect (host = "127.0.0.1", user = "root", passwd = "", db = "test")
"""
Create a connection to the database. It is strongly recommended
that you only use keyword parameters. Consult the MySQL C API
documentation for more information.
host
string, host to connect
user
string, user to connect as
passwd
string, password to use
db
string, database to use
port
integer, TCP/IP port to connect to
unix_socket
string, location of unix_socket to use
conv
conversion dictionary, see MySQLdb.converters
connect_timeout
number of seconds to wait before the connection attempt
fails.
compress
if set, compression is enabled
named_pipe
if set, a named pipe is used to connect (Windows only)
init_command
command which is run once the connection is created
read_default_file
file from which default client values are read
read_default_group
configuration group to use from the default file
cursorclass
class object, used to create cursors (keyword only)
use_unicode
If True, text-like columns are returned as unicode objects
using the connection's character set. Otherwise, text-like
columns are returned as strings. columns are returned as
normal strings. Unicode objects will always be encoded to
the connection's character set regardless of this setting.
charset
If supplied, the connection character set will be changed
to this character set (MySQL-4.1 and newer). This implies
use_unicode=True.
sql_mode
If supplied, the session SQL mode will be changed to this
setting (MySQL-4.1 and newer). For more details and legal
values, see the MySQL documentation.
client_flag
integer, flags to use or 0
(see MySQL docs or constants/CLIENTS.py)
ssl
dictionary or mapping, contains SSL connection parameters;
see the MySQL documentation for more details
(mysql_ssl_set()). If this is set, and the client does not
support SSL, NotSupportedError will be raised.
local_infile
integer, non-zero enables LOAD LOCAL INFILE; zero disables
There are a number of undocumented, non-standard methods. See the
documentation for the MySQL C API for some hints on what they do.
"""
from MySQLdb.constants import CLIENT, FIELD_TYPE
from MySQLdb.converters import conversions
from weakref import proxy, WeakValueDictionary
import types
kwargs2 = kwargs.copy()
感谢您的帮助
这是我来自 helloworld.py 的代码，此代码可以在 google appengine 上运行，但不能在本地 mysql 上运行。我在 connection.py 中更改的唯一行是我添加了连接字符串：
connection = MySQLdb.connect (host = "127.0.0.1", user = "root", passwd = "", db = "test")
在第 8 行。
import cgi
import datetime
import urllib
import webapp2
from google.appengine.api import rdbms
from google.appengine.ext import db
from google.appengine.api import users
import jinja2
import os
_INSTANCE_NAME = 'ceemee111:ceemee111'
class MainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):
def get(self):
conn = rdbms.connect(instance=_INSTANCE_NAME, database='test')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('SELECT guest_name, content, ID FROM entries')
self.response.out.write("""
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<title>My Guestbook!</title>
</head>
<body>
<table style="border: 1px solid black">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th width="35%" style="background-color: #CCFFCC; margin: 5px">Name</th>
<th style="background-color: #CCFFCC; margin: 5px">Message</th>
<th style="background-color: #CCFFCC; margin: 5px">ID</th>
</tr>""")
for row in cursor.fetchall():
self.response.out.write('<tr><td>')
self.response.out.write((row[0]))
self.response.out.write('</td><td>')
self.response.out.write((row[1]))
self.response.out.write('</td><td>')
self.response.out.write(row[2])
self.response.out.write('</td></tr>')
self.response.out.write("""
</tbody>
</table>
<br /> No more messages!
<br /><strong>Sign the guestbook!</strong>
<form action="/sign" method="post">
<div>First Name: <input type="text" name="fname" style="border: 1px solid black"></div>
<div>Message: <br /><textarea name="content" rows="3" cols="60"></textarea></div>
<div><input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook"></div>
</form>
</body>
</html>""")
conn.close()
class Guestbook(webapp2.RequestHandler):
def post(self):
fname = self.request.get('fname')
content = self.request.get('content')
conn = rdbms.connect(instance=_INSTANCE_NAME, database='guestbook')
cursor = conn.cursor()
# Note that the only format string supported is %s
cursor.execute('INSERT INTO entries (guest_name, content) VALUES (%s, %s)', (fname, content))
conn.commit()
conn.close()
self.redirect("/")
app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([('/', MainPage),
('/sign', Guestbook)],
debug=True)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()