java - 在 JPanel 中添加 JPanel - 嵌套的 JPanel 不会显示

Question

新代码

package test;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;


public class TestWindow extends JFrame{
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestWindow();
    }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public TestWindow(){
        setSize(300,300);
        this.setUndecorated(true);
        add(new Background());
        setVisible(true);
    }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    private class Background extends JPanel{
        public Background(){
            add(b);
            repaint();
        }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------    
        Bubble b = new Bubble();
        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Color c = Color.cyan;
            g.setColor(c);
            g.fillRect(0, 0,getWidth(), getHeight());
        }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        private class Bubble extends JPanel{
            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
                super.paintComponent(g);
                g.setColor(Color.green);
                g.drawOval(0, 0, Background.this.getWidth(), Background.this.getHeight());
            }
        }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    }
}

输出

在此处输入图像描述

问题

目的是绘制一个带有绿色圆圈的青色窗口。稍后我会将组件添加到绿色圆圈中，这样它看起来就像有一个带有青色背景的窗口和一个带有组件的绿色圆圈。
然而，输出只是青色背景。没有圈。

我尝试将 XOR 模式设置为青色，但这也不起作用。我嵌套类错了吗？

score 8 · Accepted Answer

主要问题在这里...

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
        super.paintComponent(g);
        Color c = Color.cyan;
        g.setColor(c);
        g.fillRect(0, 0,getWidth(), getHeight());
        add(b);
        repaint();
    }

不仅在您的paint方法中将组件添加到您的容器中，而且您还调用了repaint，所有这些都会对您不利。

当您的组件出于各种原因需要更新时，重新绘制管理器会调用 Paint。您永远不应该调用任何可能使其无效的方法，否则需要重新绘制组件，这样做会使您陷入 CPU 烧毁的滑坡。

反而。

Bubble在组件的构造函数中添加您的Background组件
覆盖getPreferredSize这两个组件的方法并提供有用的提示，以便布局管理器了解组件可能实际想要使用多少空间

您面临的主要问题（除了糟糕的绘画）是组件报告自己不需要高度或宽度，这意味着当布局管理器来布置它们时，它们实际上是不可见的

更新

我建议你看看

复活节彩蛋

为了接受建议和努力，让我给你一点帮助......

在此处输入图像描述

我建议你做的是通读代码，回到 Java 文档和教程，试着弄清楚发生了什么；）

public class CircleControl {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new CircleControl();
    }

    public CircleControl() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            add(new Bubble());
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(200, 300);
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);

            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();

            Color startColor = brighten(Color.CYAN, 0.75f);
            Color endColor = brighten(Color.CYAN, 0.5f);

            LinearGradientPaint lgp = new LinearGradientPaint(
                            new Point(0, 0),
                            new Point(0, getHeight()),
                            new float[]{0f, 1f},
                            new Color[]{startColor, endColor});

            g2d.setPaint(lgp);
            g2d.fill(new Rectangle(getWidth(), getHeight()));
            g2d.dispose();

        }
    }

    public class Bubble extends JPanel {

        public Bubble() {
            Font font = UIManager.getFont("Label.font");
            setFont(font.deriveFont(Font.BOLD, 48));
            setForeground(Color.WHITE);
            setBackground(darken(Color.CYAN, 0.3f));
            setOpaque(false);
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(150, 150);
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            
            int x = (getWidth() - 150) / 2;
            int y = (getHeight() - 150) / 2;

            Color startColor = brighten(getBackground(), 0.05f);
            Color endColor = getBackground();

            LinearGradientPaint lgp = new LinearGradientPaint(
                            new Point(x, y),
                            new Point(x, y + 150),
                            new float[]{0f, 1f},
                            new Color[]{startColor, endColor});
            g2d.setPaint(lgp);
            g2d.fill(new Ellipse2D.Double(x, y, 150, 150));
            
            FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();
            x = x + ((150 - fm.stringWidth("22")) / 2);
            y = y + ((150 / 2) + fm.getAscent());
            g2d.setColor(getForeground());
            g2d.drawString("22", x, y);

        }
    }

    public static Color brighten(Color color, double fraction) {
        int red = (int) Math.round(Math.min(255, color.getRed() + 255 * fraction));
        int green = (int) Math.round(Math.min(255, color.getGreen() + 255 * fraction));
        int blue = (int) Math.round(Math.min(255, color.getBlue() + 255 * fraction));
        int alpha = color.getAlpha();
        return new Color(red, green, blue, alpha);
    }

    public static Color darken(Color color, double fraction) {
        int red = (int) Math.round(Math.max(0, color.getRed() - 255 * fraction));
        int green = (int) Math.round(Math.max(0, color.getGreen() - 255 * fraction));
        int blue = (int) Math.round(Math.max(0, color.getBlue() - 255 * fraction));
        int alpha = color.getAlpha();
        return new Color(red, green, blue, alpha);
    }
}

score 2 · Accepted Answer

我已经运行了您的代码并进行了更改。就是这样。但是您的程序不处理窗口关闭。你必须这样写。

package test;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestWindow extends JFrame
{
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestWindow();
    }
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public TestWindow(){
        setSize(300,310);
        this.setUndecorated(true);
        add(new Background());
        setVisible(true);
    }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    private class Background extends JPanel{
        public Background(){
            Bubble b = new Bubble();
            add(b);
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------    

        @Override public Dimension getPreferredSize()
        {
            return new Dimension(300,300);
        }

        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Color c = Color.cyan;
            g.setColor(c);
            g.fillRect(0, 0,getWidth(), getHeight());
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        private class Bubble extends JPanel{

            Bubble()
            {
                setOpaque(false);
            }

            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
                super.paintComponent(g);
                g.setColor(Color.green);
                g.fillOval(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
            }

            @Override public Dimension getPreferredSize()
            {
                return new Dimension(300,300);
            }
        }
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    }
}

java - 在 JPanel 中添加 JPanel - 嵌套的 JPanel 不会显示

新代码

输出

问题

2 回答 2

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