3
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Tie::File;
use Data::Dumper;
use Benchmark;

my $t0 = Benchmark->new;

# all files in the current folder with $ext will be input.
# Default $ext is "pileup"
# if entered, second user entered input will be set to $ext
my $ext = "pileup";
if(exists $ARGV[1]) {
    $ext = $ARGV[1];
}

# open current directory & store filenames with $ext into @pileupfiles
opendir (DIR, ".");
my @pileupfiles = grep {-f && /\.$ext$/} readdir DIR;

my $dnasegment;
my $pos;
my $total;
my $g_total;
my @index; #hold current index for each tied file
my @totalfiles; #hold total files in each sub-index

# $filenum is iterator to cycle through all pileup files whose names are stored   in pileupfiles
my $filenum = 0;
# @tied is an array holding all arrays of tied files
my @tied;
# array of the current line number for each @file, 
my @linenum;
# tie each file to an array that is an element of the @tied array
while($filenum < scalar @pileupfiles) {
    my @file;
    tie @file, 'Tie::File', $pileupfiles[$filenum], recsep => "\n"  or die;
    push(@tied, [@file]);
    # set each line's value of $linenum to 0
    push(@linenum, 0);
    $filenum++;
}

# open user list of dnasegments
open(LIST, $ARGV[0]);
# open file for output
open(OUT, ">>tempfile.tab");

while(<LIST>) {
    $dnasegment = $_;
    chomp $dnasegment;

    my $exit = 0;
    $pos = 1;
    my %flag;

    while(scalar(keys %flag) < scalar @tied) {
        $total = 0;
        $filenum = 0;
        while($filenum < scalar @tied) {
            if(exists $tied[$filenum][$linenum[$filenum]]) {
                my @line = split(/\t/, $tied[$filenum][$linenum[$filenum]]);
                #print $line[0], "\t", $line[1], "\t", $line[3], "\n\n";
                if($line[0] eq $dnasegment) {
                    if($line[1] == $pos) {
                        $total += $line[3];
                        $linenum[$filenum]++;
                        $g_total += $line[3];
                        print OUT "$dnasegment\t$filenum\t$pos\t$line[3]\n";
                    }
                } else {
                    $flag{$filenum} = 1;
                }
            } else {
                #print $flag, "\n";
                $flag{$filenum} = 1;
            }
            $filenum++;
        }
        if($total > 0) {
            print OUT "$dnasegment\t$total\n";
        }
        $pos++;
    }
}

close (LIST);
close(OUT);

my $t1 = Benchmark->new;
my $td = timediff($t1, $t0);
print timestr($td), "\n";

上面的代码获取目录中具有默认或用户输入的文件扩展名的所有文件,并根据特定条目(输入文件的第 1 列)计算位置(输入文件的第 2 列)的总出现次数(输入文件的第 4 列)第 1 列与命令行提供的文件中包含的名称匹配)。程序要使用的文件的布局是: 文件 1:

    Gm02    11896804    G   2   .,  \'
    Gm02    11896805    G   7   ......, U`
    Gm02    11896806    G   3   .,. Sa
    Gm02    11896807    T   2   .,  U\
    Gm02    11896808    T   2   .,  ZZ
    Gm02    11896809    T   2   .,  ZZ
    Gm02    11896810    T   2   .,  B\
    Gm02    11896811    G   3   .,^!,   B]E
    Gm02    11896812    A   3   T,, BaR
    Gm02    11896822    G   3   .,, B`D

文件 2:

    Gm02    11896804    G   3   .,, \'
    Gm02    11896805    G   7   ......, U`
    Gm02    11896806    G   3   .,. Sa
    Gm02    11896807    T   2   .,  U\
    Gm02    11896808    T   2   .,  ZZ
    Gm02    11896809    T   2   .,  ZZ
    Gm02    11896810    T   2   .,  B\
    Gm02    11896811    G   3   .,^!,   B]E
    Gm02    11896812    A   3   T,, BaR
    Gm02    11896813    G   3   .,, B`D

文件 3:

    Gm02    11896804    G   3   .,, \'
    Gm02    11896805    G   7   ......, U`
    Gm02    11896806    G   3   .,. Sa
    Gm02    11896807    T   2   .,  U\
    Gm02    11896808    T   2   .,  ZZ
    Gm02    11896809    T   2   .,  ZZ
    Gm02    11896810    T   2   .,  B\
    Gm02    11896811    G   3   .,^!,   B]E
    Gm02    11896812    A   3   T,, BaR
    Gm02    11896833    G   3   .,, B`D

在这种情况下,传递给程序的唯一命令行参数将是一个文本文件,其内容为“Gm02”。

哈希用于跟踪已处理的位置。在上面的示例文件中,将检查所有三个文件以从位置 1 到 11896803 计数,然后再在位置 11896804 遇到第一个值。这是为了确保在增加位置之前检查所有文件中的所有位置并求和。

我的问题与性能有关。我决定使用 Tie::File 因为我的理解是这会提高性能,因为所有文件都不会被读入内存。程序要处理的真实数据是几十万行乘以几十个文件。此时,仅在示例 file1 和所有 3 个示例文件上运行所需的时间分别为 42 wallclock 秒(41.96 usr + 0.00 sys = 41.96 CPU)和 110 wallclock 秒(109.76 usr + 0.00 sys = 109.76 CPU)。任何关于为什么这个程序运行如此缓慢的信息或关于如何加速它的建议将不胜感激。

编辑 10:17PM EST:程序的输出如下:

Gm02    0   11896804    2
Gm02    1   11896804    3
Gm02    2   11896804    3
Gm02    8
Gm02    0   11896805    7
Gm02    1   11896805    7
Gm02    2   11896805    7
Gm02    21
Gm02    0   11896806    3
Gm02    1   11896806    3
Gm02    2   11896806    3
Gm02    9
Gm02    0   11896807    2
Gm02    1   11896807    2
Gm02    2   11896807    2
Gm02    6
Gm02    0   11896808    2
Gm02    1   11896808    2
Gm02    2   11896808    2
Gm02    6
Gm02    0   11896809    2
Gm02    1   11896809    2
Gm02    2   11896809    2
Gm02    6
Gm02    0   11896810    2
Gm02    1   11896810    2
Gm02    2   11896810    2
Gm02    6
Gm02    0   11896811    3
Gm02    1   11896811    3
Gm02    2   11896811    3
Gm02    9
Gm02    0   11896812    3
Gm02    1   11896812    3
Gm02    2   11896812    3
Gm02    9
Gm02    1   11896813    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896822    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    2   11896833    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896804    2
Gm02    1   11896804    3
Gm02    5
Gm02    0   11896805    7
Gm02    1   11896805    7
Gm02    14
Gm02    0   11896806    3
Gm02    1   11896806    3
Gm02    6
Gm02    0   11896807    2
Gm02    1   11896807    2
Gm02    4
Gm02    0   11896808    2
Gm02    1   11896808    2
Gm02    4
Gm02    0   11896809    2
Gm02    1   11896809    2
Gm02    4
Gm02    0   11896810    2
Gm02    1   11896810    2
Gm02    4
Gm02    0   11896811    3
Gm02    1   11896811    3
Gm02    6
Gm02    0   11896812    3
Gm02    1   11896812    3
Gm02    6
Gm02    1   11896813    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896822    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896804    2
Gm02    2
Gm02    0   11896805    7
Gm02    7
Gm02    0   11896806    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896807    2
Gm02    2
Gm02    0   11896808    2
Gm02    2
Gm02    0   11896809    2
Gm02    2
Gm02    0   11896810    2
Gm02    2
Gm02    0   11896811    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896812    3
Gm02    3
Gm02    0   11896822    3
Gm02    3
4

2 回答 2

6

我会说“因为您使用的是 Tie::File”,除了您不在以下代码行之外:

my @file;
tie @file, 'Tie::File', $pileupfiles[$filenum], recsep => "\n"  or die;
push(@tied, [@file]);

你不妨把它写成

open(my $fh, '<', $pileupfiles[$filenum]) or die $!;
push(@tied, [ <$fh> ]);

也许你的意思是

tie my @file, 'Tie::File', $pileupfiles[$filenum], recsep => "\n"  or die;
push(@tied, \@file);

然后我们会回到我原来的答案。Tie::File 在某些情况下可能会减少开发时间,但它不会是迄今为止最快的解决方案,而且它可能会使用更多所需的内存。


顺便说一句,exist对数组元素没有意义。

if (exists $tied[$filenum][$linenum[$filenum]])

是一种不好的做法

if (defined $tied[$filenum][$linenum[$filenum]])

或者

if ($linenum[$filenum] < @{ $tied[$filenum] })
于 2013-02-11T21:23:10.887 回答
0

想知道你的输出是什么样子的。会是这样吗(鉴于您上面的示例文件)?

$VAR1 = {
          'Gm02;11896804' => 8,
          'Gm02;11896805' => 21,
          'Gm02;11896806' => 9,
          'Gm02;11896807' => 6,
          'Gm02;11896808' => 6,
          'Gm02;11896809' => 6,
          'Gm02;11896810' => 6,
          'Gm02;11896811' => 9,
          'Gm02;11896812' => 9,
          'Gm02;11896813' => 3,
          'Gm02;11896822' => 3,
          'Gm02;11896833' => 3
        };
于 2013-02-12T02:45:02.370 回答