0

我很难理解 Subject 对象。

考虑以下代码:

        var sub = new Subject<int>();
        sub.Subscribe(x => Console.WriteLine(x));    //subscriber #1        
        sub.Subscribe(x => Console.WriteLine(x));    //subscriber #2        
        sub.OnNext(2);

我正在创建一个 int 主题,当我执行 OnNext 时,它会调用其他订阅者(#1 和 #2)。我不明白的是,我读到 Subject 意味着一个既可观察又可观察的对象,但这如何解释为什么当我调用 OnNext 时会调用其他订阅者。

我会理解主题的 OnNext 是否会将其传播给所有订阅者 = 发布给所有其他订阅者(这是有道理的),但是当我检查源代码时,我看不到任何这样做的东西,见下文。

有人可以从下面的代码中了解究竟是什么让 OnNext(2) 传播到其他订阅?(#1,#2)?

public seal class Subject : ISubject, ISubject, IObserver, IObservable, IDisposable { // 字段 private volatile IObserver _observer;

// Methods
public Subject()
{
    this._observer = NopObserver<T>.Instance;
}

public void Dispose()
{
    this._observer = DisposedObserver<T>.Instance;
}

public void OnCompleted()
{
    IObserver<T> comparand = null;
    IObserver<T> completed = DoneObserver<T>.Completed;
    do
    {
        comparand = this._observer;
    }
    while (((comparand != DisposedObserver<T>.Instance) && !(comparand is DoneObserver<T>)) && (Interlocked.CompareExchange<IObserver<T>>(ref this._observer, completed, comparand) != comparand));
    comparand.OnCompleted();
}

public void OnError(Exception error)
{
    if (error == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("error");
    }
    IObserver<T> comparand = null;
    DoneObserver<T> observer3 = new DoneObserver<T> {
        Exception = error
    };
    DoneObserver<T> observer2 = observer3;
    do
    {
        comparand = this._observer;
    }
    while (((comparand != DisposedObserver<T>.Instance) && !(comparand is DoneObserver<T>)) && (Interlocked.CompareExchange<IObserver<T>>(ref this._observer, observer2, comparand) != comparand));
    comparand.OnError(error);
}

public void OnNext(T value)
{
    this._observer.OnNext(value);
}

public IDisposable Subscribe(IObserver<T> observer)
{
    if (observer == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("observer");
    }
    IObserver<T> comparand = null;
    IObserver<T> observer3 = null;
    do
    {
        comparand = this._observer;
        if (comparand == DisposedObserver<T>.Instance)
        {
            throw new ObjectDisposedException("");
        }
        if (comparand == DoneObserver<T>.Completed)
        {
            observer.OnCompleted();
            return Disposable.Empty;
        }
        DoneObserver<T> observer4 = comparand as DoneObserver<T>;
        if (observer4 != null)
        {
            observer.OnError(observer4.Exception);
            return Disposable.Empty;
        }
        if (comparand == NopObserver<T>.Instance)
        {
            observer3 = observer;
        }
        else
        {
            Observer<T> observer5 = comparand as Observer<T>;
            if (observer5 != null)
            {
                observer3 = observer5.Add(observer);
            }
            else
            {
                observer3 = new Observer<T>(new ImmutableList<IObserver<T>>(new IObserver<T>[] { comparand, observer }));
            }
        }
    }
    while (Interlocked.CompareExchange<IObserver<T>>(ref this._observer, observer3, comparand) != comparand);
    return new Subscription<T>((Subject<T>) this, observer);
}

private void Unsubscribe(IObserver<T> observer)
{
    IObserver<T> comparand = null;
    IObserver<T> instance = null;
Label_0004:
    comparand = this._observer;
    if ((comparand != DisposedObserver<T>.Instance) && !(comparand is DoneObserver<T>))
    {
        Observer<T> observer4 = comparand as Observer<T>;
        if (observer4 != null)
        {
            instance = observer4.Remove(observer);
        }
        else
        {
            if (comparand != observer)
            {
                return;
            }
            instance = NopObserver<T>.Instance;
        }
        if (Interlocked.CompareExchange<IObserver<T>>(ref this._observer, instance, comparand) != comparand)
        {
            goto Label_0004;
        }
    }
}

// Properties
public bool HasObservers
{
    get
    {
        return (((this._observer != NopObserver<T>.Instance) && !(this._observer is DoneObserver<T>)) && (this._observer != DisposedObserver<T>.Instance));
    }
}

// Nested Types
private class Subscription : IDisposable
{
    // Fields
    private IObserver<T> _observer;
    private Subject<T> _subject;

    // Methods
    public Subscription(Subject<T> subject, IObserver<T> observer)
    {
        this._subject = subject;
        this._observer = observer;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        IObserver<T> observer = Interlocked.Exchange<IObserver<T>>(ref this._observer, null);
        if (observer != null)
        {
            this._subject.Unsubscribe(observer);
            this._subject = null;
        }
    }
}

}

4

2 回答 2

1

我知道,但困扰我的是它没有意义。我进一步研究了代码,发现他们内部的观察者实现包含更多的观察者,见下文。

如果您检查 OnNext 方法,您可以看到它们正在遍历所有观察者并调用它们的 OnNext 方法。

现在一切对我来说都是有意义的,我理解了逻辑,但看不到它是在哪里实现的。

internal class Observer<T> : IObserver<T>
{
    private readonly ImmutableList<IObserver<T>> _observers;

    public Observer(ImmutableList<IObserver<T>> observers)
    {
        this._observers = observers;
    }

    internal IObserver<T> Add(IObserver<T> observer)
    {
        return new Observer<T>(this._observers.Add(observer));
    }

    public void OnCompleted()
    {
        foreach (IObserver<T> observer in this._observers.Data)
        {
            observer.OnCompleted();
        }
    }

    public void OnError(Exception error)
    {
        foreach (IObserver<T> observer in this._observers.Data)
        {
            observer.OnError(error);
        }
    }

    public void OnNext(T value)
    {
        foreach (IObserver<T> observer in this._observers.Data)
        {
            observer.OnNext(value);
        }
    }

    internal IObserver<T> Remove(IObserver<T> observer)
    {
        int index = Array.IndexOf<IObserver<T>>(this._observers.Data, observer);
        if (index < 0)
        {
            return this;
        }
        if (this._observers.Data.Length == 2)
        {
            return this._observers.Data[1 - index];
        }
        return new Observer<T>(this._observers.Remove(observer));
    }
}
于 2013-02-10T17:57:18.007 回答
0

Subject 是一个 observable,因为你可以订阅它。您在示例中执行此操作(您确实订阅了两个订阅者)。

Subject 也是观察者,因为您可以执行以下操作:

someObservable.Subscribe(subject);

这样,您的主题将从接收事件someObservable并将其传播给自己的订阅者。

PS 在您的代码中,您OnNext()自己调用了该方法。但这正是someObservable您使用主题订阅它时要做的事情。

于 2013-02-10T15:17:37.023 回答