我将经历几个阶段来重构这段代码。
1. 提取正在变化的东西(并使它们更 Rubyish)
post '/' do
require 'pony'
from = params[:name] || params[:subscribe]
subject = "#{params[:name]} has contacted you via the Website" ||
"#{params[:subscribe]} has subscribed to the newsletter"
body = "#{params[:email]}#{params[:comment]}"
Pony.mail(
:from => from,
:to => 'myemailaddress',
:subject => subject,
:body => body,
:via => :smtp,
:via_options => {
:address => 'smtp.gmail.com',
:port => '587',
:enable_starttls_auto => true,
:user_name => 'myemailaddress',
:password => 'mypassword',
:authentication => :plain,
:domain => "localhost.localdomain"
})
redirect '/success'
end
2. 明确你的意图
在这种情况下,代码中有两个分支。
post '/' do
require 'pony'
if params[:name] # contact form
from = params[:name]
subject = "#{params[:name]} has contacted you via the Website"
else # subscription form
from = params[:subscribe]
subject = "#{params[:subscribe]} has subscribed to the newsletter"
end
body = "#{params[:email]}#{params[:comment]}"
Pony.mail(
:from => from,
:to => 'myemailaddress',
:subject => subject,
:body => body,
:via => :smtp,
:via_options => {
:address => 'smtp.gmail.com',
:port => '587',
:enable_starttls_auto => true,
:user_name => 'myemailaddress',
:password => 'mypassword',
:authentication => :plain,
:domain => "localhost.localdomain"
})
redirect '/success'
end
(我不太喜欢在条件分支中设置本地变量,但为了清楚起见我们将忽略这一点。我可能会在条件之前创建一个散列,并使用已经完成的键,然后将其填充到分支中,但 YMMV .)
3. 提取不变的内容。
Sinatra 有一个专门用于这种事情的配置块。
require 'pony'
configure :development do
set :email_options, {
:via => :smtp,
:via_options => {
:address => 'smtp.gmail.com',
:port => '587',
:enable_starttls_auto => true,
:user_name => 'myemailaddress',
:password => 'mypassword',
:authentication => :plain,
:domain => "localhost.localdomain"
}
end
Pony.options = settings.email_options
请注意,我已添加:development
,因为您可能希望为生产设置不同的设置。
现在你的路线更干净,更容易调试:
post '/' do
if params[:name] # contact form
from = params[:name]
subject = "#{params[:name]} has contacted you via the Website"
else # subscription form
from = params[:subscribe]
subject = "#{params[:subscribe]} has subscribed to the newsletter"
end
body = "#{params[:email]}#{params[:comment]}"
Pony.mail
:from => from,
:to => 'myemailaddress',
:subject => subject,
:body => body,
redirect '/success'
end
我的最后一个提示是将尽可能多的 Pony 选项放入 ENV 变量中,这不仅可以使密码等内容不受源代码控制,还可以让您更轻松地更改设置。也许将它们放在 Rakefile 中并为不同的上下文加载不同的环境等。
要使用环境变量,我执行以下操作:
# Rakefile
# in this method set up some env vars
def basic_environment
# I load them in from a YAML file that is *not* in source control
# but you could just specify them here
# e.g. ENV["EMAIL_A"] = "me@example.com"
end
namespace :app do
desc "Set up the environment locally"
task :environment do
warn "Entering :app:environment"
basic_environment()
end
desc "Run the app locally"
task :run_local => "app:environment" do
exec "bin/rackup config.ru -p 4630"
end
end
# from the command line, I'd run
`bin/rake app:run_local`
# in the Sinatra app file
configure :production do
# these are actual settings I use for a Heroku app using Sendgrid
set "email_options", {
:from => ENV["EMAIL_FROM"],
:via => :smtp,
:via_options => {
:address => 'smtp.sendgrid.net',
:port => '587',
:domain => 'heroku.com',
:user_name => ENV['SENDGRID_USERNAME'],
:password => ENV['SENDGRID_PASSWORD'],
:authentication => :plain,
:enable_starttls_auto => true
},
}
end
# then a block with slightly different settings for development
configure :development do
# local settings…
set "email_options", {
:via => :smtp,
:via_options => {
:address => 'smtp.gmail.com',
:port => '587',
:enable_starttls_auto => true,
:user_name => ENV["EMAIL_A"],
:password => ENV["EMAIL_P"],
:authentication => :plain,
:domain => "localhost.localdomain"
}
}
end
我通常将这些设置中的大部分保存在本地的 YAML 文件中以进行开发,但直接将它们添加到生产服务器。有很多方法可以处理这个问题,YMMV。