使用 Antlr 3.5 规则：
ID
: ':'? ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '_') ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '0'..'9' | '_')*
;
不匹配：标准
谁能解释为什么？
下面是完整的语法。您可以使用规则colname来测试“标准”。
grammar Sql;
options {
language = Java;
output = AST;
}
@rulecatch {catch (RecognitionException e) { throw e;}}
@header {
package com.something.antlr.sql;
import java.util.ArrayList;
}
@lexer::header {
package com.something.antlr.sql;
}
@members {
private List<Table> tables = new ArrayList<Table>();
private List<Column> columns = new ArrayList<Column>();
private StringBuilder joinClauses = new StringBuilder();
private String withClauseAsString;
private String tablesAsString;
private String columnsAsString;
private String aggregate;
private String whereClauseAsString;
private String orderByAsString;
private String groupByAsString;
private String limitAsString;
public List<Table> getTables() {
return tables;
}
public String getColumnsAsString() {
return columnsAsString;
}
public List<Column> getColumns() {
return columns;
}
public String getTablesAsString() {
return tablesAsString;
}
public String getJoinClauseAsString() {
return joinClauses.toString();
}
public String getWhereClauseAsString() {
return whereClauseAsString;
}
public String getOrderByAsString() {
return orderByAsString;
}
public String getAggregate() {
return aggregate;
}
public String getGroupByAsString() {
return groupByAsString;
}
public String getWithClauseAsString() {
return withClauseAsString;
}
public String getLimitAsString() {
return limitAsString;
}
}
sql_statement
: sql EOF;
catch [RecognitionException e]{ throw e;}
sql
:
(WITH with_clause)?
{withClauseAsString = $with_clause.text;}
SELECT DISTINCT? (TOP LPAREN? t=number_or_param RPAREN?)? columns?
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if ($DISTINCT.text != null) {
sb.append(" distinct ");
}
if ($TOP.text != null) {
sb.append(" top ");
}
if ($t.text != null) {
sb.append(" ");
if ($LPAREN.text != null) {
sb.append("(");
}
sb.append($t.text);
if ($RPAREN.text != null) {
sb.append(")");
}
sb.append(" ");
}
sb.append($columns.text);
columnsAsString = sb.toString();
}
(
FROM tables*
{tablesAsString = $tables.text;}
(join_type? JOIN join_clause)*
{
String joinClauseAsString = "";
if ($join_type.text != null) {
joinClauseAsString = $join_type.text + " ";
}
if ($join_clause.text != null) {
joinClauseAsString += $join_clause.text;
}
if (joinClauseAsString.length() > 0) {
joinClauses.append("\n ");
joinClauses.append(joinClauseAsString);
}
}
(WHERE where_clause)?
{whereClauseAsString = $where_clause.text;}
(ORDER_BY order_by_clause)?
{orderByAsString = $order_by_clause.text;}
(GROUP_BY group_by_clause)?
{groupByAsString = $group_by_clause.text;}
(LIMIT t2=number_or_param)?
{
if ($t2.text != null) {
limitAsString = " limit " + $t2.text;
}
}
(UNION ALL? alt_sql)?
)?
;
with_ident
:
ID
;
with_clause
:
with_ident (LPAREN columns RPAREN)? AS alt_sql
;
alt_sql
:
LPAREN?
(
SELECT DISTINCT? (TOP number_or_param)? columns?
FROM tables*
(join_type? JOIN join_clause)*
(WHERE where_clause)?
(ORDER_BY order_by_clause)?
(GROUP_BY group_by_clause)?
(LIMIT NUMBER)?
(UNION ALL? alt_sql)?
)
RPAREN?
;
exists_select
:
SELECT NUMBER FROM tables (WHERE where_clause)?
;
in_select
:
SELECT colname FROM tables (WHERE where_clause)?
;
colname_or_operand
:
colname | LPAREN ID RPAREN | RANGE | CONSTANT | TICK '*' TICK | alt_sql
;
case_test
:
(ID '.')? function (CALC function)* operator (ID | NUMBER)
;
colname
:
//CASE WHEN case_test ( (AND | OR) case_test)* THEN (NUMBER | ID) ELSE (NUMBER | ID) END alias
CASE (WHEN where_logical THEN (ID | NUMBER | LITERAL))+ ELSE (ID | NUMBER | LITERAL) END alias
|
col = ID alias?
{
Column c = new Column($col.text, "");
columns.add(c);
}
|
tbl=ID '.' col=ID ('::' ID)? alias?
{
Column c = new Column($tbl.text + "." + $col.text, $alias.text);
columns.add(c);
}
|
(ID '.')? '*'
|
(ID '.')? func_name = function alias?
{
Column c = new Column($func_name.text, $alias.text);
columns.add(c);
}
|
col = (ID '::' ID)
{
Column c = new Column($col.text, "");
columns.add(c);
}
|
('?' | NUMBER | LITERAL) (('::' | AS) ID)?
{
Column c = new Column("?", "");
columns.add(c);
}
;
columns
:
(colname (CONCAT colname)* | alt_sql alias?) (',' (colname (CONCAT colname)* | alt_sql alias?))*
;
tablename
:
ID alias?
{
Table tbl = new Table($ID.text, $alias.text);
tables.add(tbl);
}
|
(ID '.')? function alias?
|
t = TABLE LPAREN func = ID LPAREN arguments RPAREN RPAREN alias?
{
Table tbl = new Table($t.text + "(" + $func.text + "(" + $arguments.text + ")" + ")", $alias.text);
tables.add(tbl);
}
;
arguments
:
argument (',' argument)*
;
argument
:
colname
;
tables
: tablename (',' tablename)*;
join_sql
:
LPAREN
SELECT DISTINCT? columns
FROM tables*
(WHERE where_clause) RPAREN alias
ON where_expression
;
join_type
:
('left' 'outer'? | 'LEFT' 'OUTER'? | 'Left' 'Outer'?) | ('right' 'outer'? | 'RIGHT' 'OUTER'? | 'Right' 'Outer'?)
;
join_clause
: (alt_sql alias | tablename alias? | colname) ON where_clause
;
alias
:
AS? ID
;
exists_clause
:
EXISTS LPAREN exists_select RPAREN
;
in_clause
:
LPAREN (LPAREN in_select RPAREN alias? | in_values) (',' (LPAREN in_select RPAREN alias? | in_values))* RPAREN
;
in_values
:
(NUMBER | LITERAL) (',' (NUMBER | LITERAL))*
;
where_expression
:
LPAREN* ((colname operator (colname_or_operand | in_clause)) | exists_clause?) RPAREN*
;
where_logical
:
LPAREN* where_expression ((AND | OR) where_expression)* RPAREN*
;
where_clause
:
where_logical ((AND | OR) where_logical)*
;
number_or_param
:
NUMBER | '?'
;
order_by
:
(ID | NUMBER) (ASC | DESC)?
;
order_by_clause
: order_by (',' order_by)*;
group_by_clause
:
ID ('.' ID)? (',' ID ('.' ID)?)*
;
BETWEEN
:
'between' | 'BETWEEN' | 'Between'
;
operator
: '=' | '<' | '>' | '<=' | '>=' | '<>' | 'is' | 'Is' | 'IS' | BETWEEN | IN | 'like' | '<=' | '>=' | '<>';
CALC
:
'+' | '-' | '/'
;
function
:
ID LPAREN DISTINCT? arguments? RPAREN ('::' ID)?
;
CONSTANT
:
TICK ID TICK
;
LITERAL
:
TICK .* TICK
;
TABLE : ('t' | 'T') ('a' | 'A') ('b' | 'B') ('l' | 'L') ('e' | 'E');
WITH : 'with' | 'WITH' | 'With';
SELECT : 'select' | 'SELECT' | 'Select';
DISTINCT : ('d' | 'D') ('i' | 'I') ('s' | 'S') ('t' | 'T') ('i' | 'I') ('n' | 'N') ('c' | 'C') ('t' | 'T');
TOP : 'top' | 'TOP' | 'Top';
CASE : ('case' | 'Case' | 'CASE');
WHEN: ('when' | 'When' | 'WHEN');
THEN : 'then' | 'Then' | 'THEN';
ELSE : 'else' | 'Else' | 'ELSE';
END : 'end' | 'END' | 'End';
FROM : 'from' | 'FROM' | 'From';
EXISTS : 'exists' | 'EXISTS' | 'Exists';
WHERE : 'where' | 'WHERE'| 'Where';
JOIN : ('left' | 'LEFT' | 'Left' | 'right' | 'RIGHT' | 'Right')? 'join' | 'Join' | 'JOIN';
ON : 'on' | 'ON' | 'On';
AND : ('a' | 'A') ('n' | 'N') ('d' | 'D');
AS : ('a' | 'A') ('s' | 'S');
OR : ('o' | 'O') ('r' | 'R');
IN : 'in' | 'IN' | 'In';
ORDER_BY : ('o' | 'O') ('r' | 'R') ('d' | 'D') ('e' | 'E') ('r' | 'R') ' ' ('b' | 'B') ('y' | 'Y');
ASC : ('a' | 'A') ('s' | 'S') ('c' | 'C');
DESC : ('d' | 'D') ('e' | 'E') ('s' | 'S') ('c' | 'C');
GROUP_BY : 'group by';
UNION : ('u' | 'U') ('n' | 'N') ('i' | 'I') ('o' | 'O') ('n' | 'N');
ALL : ('a' | 'A') ('l' | 'L') ('l' | 'L');
LIMIT : 'limit' | 'LIMIT' | 'Limit';
CONCAT : '||';
TICK: '\u0027';
LPAREN
: '('
;
RPAREN
: ')'
;
RANGE
:
(ID | '?') AND (ID | '?')
;
NUMBER
: ('0'..'9')+;
ID
: ':'?('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '_')('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '0'..'9' | '_')*;
WHITESPACE
: (' ' | '\t' | '\n' | '\r' | '\f')+ {$channel = HIDDEN;};