如果我在没有 -O 参数的情况下编译附加代码,则它可以正常工作。但是,如果我使用 -O2 编译它,则无法在回溯中打印出中间函数。最初,我认为一切都已优化,因此我在每个例程中调用了 printf 以排除这种情况。它仍然具有相同的输出。
预期结果:gcc -rdynamic -g test.c -o test -L/usr/local/lib -lexecinfo
./test
DEPTH=11
./test: f0 (0x40d952)
./test: f1 (0x40da0e)
./test: f2 (0x40da1e)
./test: f3 (0x40da2e)
./test: f4 (0x40da3e)
./test: f5 (0x40da4e)
./test: f6 (0x40da5e)
./test: f7 (0x40da6e)
./test: main (0x40da89)
./test: _start (0x40080e)
意外结果:gcc -O2 -rdynamic -g test.c -o test -L/usr/local/lib -lexecinfo
./test
DEPTH=2
./test: f0 (0x40794b)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#define CALLSTACK_MAXLEN 64
//
// We use this macro instead of a for loop in backtrace() because the
// documentation says that you have to use a constant, not a variable.
//
#define BT(X) { \
case X: \
if (!__builtin_frame_address(X)) { \
return X; \
} \
\
trace[X].address = __builtin_return_address(X); \
break; \
}
struct call {
const void *address;
const char *function;
const char *object;
};
struct call trace[CALLSTACK_MAXLEN];
int
backtrace(int depth) {
int i;
Dl_info dlinfo;
for (i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
switch (i) {
BT( 0);
BT( 1);
BT( 2);
BT( 3);
BT( 4);
BT( 5);
BT( 6);
BT( 7);
BT( 8);
BT( 9);
BT( 10);
BT( 11);
BT( 12);
BT( 13);
BT( 14);
BT( 15);
BT( 16);
BT( 17);
BT( 18);
BT( 19);
default: return i;
}
if (dladdr(trace[i].address, &dlinfo) != 0) {
trace[i].function = dlinfo.dli_sname;
trace[i].object = dlinfo.dli_fname;
}
}
return i;
}
void
f0() {
int i;
int depth;
depth = backtrace(CALLSTACK_MAXLEN);
printf("DEPTH=%d\n", depth);
for (i = 0 ; trace[i].object != NULL; i++) {
printf("%s: %s (%p)\n", trace[i].object, trace[i].function, trace[i].address);
}
}
void f1() { f0(); }
void f2() { f1(); }
void f3() { f2(); }
void f4() { f3(); }
void f5() { f4(); }
void f6() { f5(); }
void f7() { f6(); }
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
f7();
return 0;
}