全部,
我正在使用 Head First Ajax 书学习 Ajax。在第一章中,他们给出了一些我稍微简化的代码示例。我添加了一堆alert
以了解发生了什么。这是代码:
HTML + Ajax ( index.php
):
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Rob's Rock 'n' Roll Memorabilia</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/default.css" />
<script>
function createRequest() {
try {
request = new XMLHttpRequest();
} catch (tryMS) {
try {
request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
} catch (otherMS) {
try {
request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
} catch (failed) {
request = null;
}
}
}
return request;
}
function getDetails(img){
var title = img.title;
alert("getDetails1");
request = createRequest();
alert("getDetails2");
if (request == null) {
alert("Unable to create request");
return;
}
var url= "getDetails.php?ImageID=" + escape(title);
alert("getDetails3");
request.open("GET", url, true);
alert("getDetails4");
request.onreadystatechange = displayDetails;
alert("getDetails5");
request.send(null);
alert("getDetails6");
}
function displayDetails() {
alert("displayDetails1");
if (request.readyState == 4) {
alert("Request.readyState is 4");
if (request.status == 200) {
alert("Request.status is 200");
detailDiv = document.getElementById("description");
alert("displayDetails2");
detailDiv.innerHTML = request.responseText;
alert("displayDetails3");
}else{
alert("Request.status not 200");
return;
}
}else{
alert("Request.readystate not 4");
return;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="thumbnailPane">
<img src="images/SISL_Avatar2.JPG"
title="SISL" id="SISL" onclick="getNextImage()" />
<img src="images/itemGuitar.jpg" width="301" height="105" alt="guitar"
title="itemGuitar" id="itemGuitar" onclick="getDetails(this)"/>
<img src="images/itemShades.jpg" alt="sunglasses" width="301" height="88"
title="itemShades" id="itemShades" onclick="getDetails(this)" />
<img src="images/itemCowbell.jpg" alt="cowbell" width="301" height="126"
title="itemCowbell" id="itemCowbell" onclick="getDetails(this)" />
<img src="images/itemHat.jpg" alt="hat" width="300" height="152"
title="itemHat" id="itemHat" onclick="getDetails(this)" />
</div>
<div id="detailsPane">
<img src="images/blank-detail.jpg" width="346" height="153" id="itemDetail" />
<div id="description"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
$details = array (
'itemGuitar' => "<p>Pete Townshend once played this guitar while his own axe was in the shop having bits of drumkit removed from it.</p>",
'itemShades' => "<p>Yoko Ono's sunglasses. While perhaps not valued much by Beatles fans, this pair is rumored to have been licked by John Lennon.</p>",
'itemCowbell' => "<p>Remember the famous \"more cowbell\" skit from Saturday Night Live? Well, this is the actual cowbell.</p>",
'itemHat' => "<p>Michael Jackson's hat, as worn in the \"Billie Jean\" video. Not really rock memorabilia, but it smells better than Slash's tophat.</p>"
);
if (isset($_REQUEST['ImageID'])){echo $details[$_REQUEST['ImageID']];}
?>
这是 Ajax ( getDetails.php
) 调用的 URL:
<?php
$details = array (
'itemGuitar' => "<p>Pete Townshend once played this guitar while his own axe was in the shop having bits of drumkit removed from it.</p>",
'itemShades' => "<p>Yoko Ono's sunglasses. While perhaps not valued much by Beatles fans, this pair is rumored to have been licked by John Lennon.</p>",
'itemCowbell' => "<p>Remember the famous \"more cowbell\" skit from Saturday Night Live? Well, this is the actual cowbell.</p>",
'itemHat' => "<p>Michael Jackson's hat, as worn in the \"Billie Jean\" video. Not really rock memorabilia, but it smells better than Slash's tophat.</p>"
);
echo $details[$_REQUEST['ImageID']];
?>
问题:为什么函数displayDetails
在就绪状态 4 运行两次?
当我运行上面的代码时,代码似乎运行了displayDetails()
两次该函数。我首先收到displayDetails1
我已输入该功能的警报信号。然后,我收到与不是 4 相关的警报readyState
,然后又不是 4,然后是 4 ( Request.readyState is 4
)。然后状态警报告诉我状态是 200。到目前为止,没有什么意外。
在那之后,我得到了一些奇怪的东西。 我收到displayDetails2
警报,然后根据功能修改页面并收到displayDetails3
警报。然后我希望退出该功能。相反,我再次得到displayDetails1
, Request.readyState is 4
(第二次!)、Request.status is 200
、displayDetails2
和displayDetails3
警报,就好像整个函数已经第二次运行了一样。这是为什么?
PS:
1)在第二轮之后,我得到了getDetails6
我期望的警报。
2) 页面功能正常 - 从用户的角度来看,如果禁用警报并没有什么异常。3)我在 WampServer 上本地开发,在 WinXP 机器上(我知道......)。
4)如果我添加:
function alert(msg) {
console.log(msg);
}
在我的脚本中,日志只记录一个readyState is 4
...
解析度
我已经完成了 3 次测试:
1 - 仅使用警报,我收到两个readyState is 4
警报。
2 - 如果我记录警报,则日志仅显示一个readyState is 4
警报。
3 - 如果我同时记录并显示警报弹出窗口(使用此功能),我会收到两个readyState is 4
警报(并且日志显示)。
我对此的看法是,警报本身会导致脚本执行延迟并导致函数有效地运行两次。