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我正在试验 Hibernate Validator 的方法验证。

我已经编写了我能想象到的最简单的 EJB 并注释了它的约束。

但是，它不适用于我的自定义注释。

public String checkString(@NotNull @NotBlank @Characters(invalidCharacters = { '1' }) String string);

最后一个注释检查字符串是否包含字符集的某些字符（具有默认值）并且是自定义约束。这适用于正常的验证器环境。

但是在我的测试中，只有标准注释起作用，我的自定义注释不起作用。

  this.parameterValidation.checkString(null); // Throws Exception

  this.parameterValidation.checkString(""); // Throws Exception

  this.parameterValidation.checkString("123"); // Does NOT throw Exception - why?

我还测试了另一个自定义注释，它也仍然处于非活动状态。

我究竟做错了什么？

下面是自定义注解的代码：

/**
 * Checks if a String contains only characters from the given character set. Note that this sets a parameter
 * {@code positions} with a comma-separated list of the positions of invalid characters (based on 1, not 0!).
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE })
@Constraint(validatedBy = CharactersCheck.class)
public @interface Characters {
  /**
   * The I18N key of the error message.
   */
  public static final String I18N_KEY = "ipi.msg.validation.characters";

  /**
   * Error message.
   */
  String message() default LEFT_CURLY_BRACKET + I18N_KEY + RIGHT_CURLY_BRACKET;

  /**
   * The associated violation groups.
   */
  Class<?>[] groups() default {};

  /**
   * The payload.
   */
  Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};

  /**
   * The character set to which the text must conform.
   */
  CharacterSet characterSet() default CharacterSet.ISO_8859_15;

  /**
   * Additional characters which must not be found in the text.
   */
  char[] invalidCharacters() default {};

  /**
   * If this is {@code true}, carriage returns and line feeds are allowed in the text, making it a multi-line text.
   */
  boolean carriageReturnAllowed() default false;

  /**
   * Defines several {@link Characters} annotations on the same element.
   */
  @Documented
  @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
  @Target({ ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE })
  @interface List {

    /**
     * The {@link Characters} annotations.
     */
    Characters[] value();
  }
}

这是实现：

public class CharactersCheck implements ConstraintValidator<Characters, CharSequence>, MessageAttributeModifier {

  /**
   * The character set to check.
   */
  private CharacterSet characterSet;

  /**
   * Additional invalid characters.
   */
  private char[] invalidCharacters;

  /**
   * If this is {@code true}, carriage returns and line feeds are allowed in the text, making it a multi-line text.
   */
  private boolean carriageReturnAllowed;

  private SortedSet<Integer> invalidCharacterPositions;

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  @Override
  public void initialize(final Characters constraintAnnotation) {
    this.characterSet = constraintAnnotation.characterSet();
    this.carriageReturnAllowed = constraintAnnotation.carriageReturnAllowed();
    if (this.carriageReturnAllowed) {
      this.invalidCharacters = constraintAnnotation.invalidCharacters();
    } else {
      final int invalidCharactersLength = constraintAnnotation.invalidCharacters().length;
      this.invalidCharacters = Arrays.copyOf(constraintAnnotation.invalidCharacters(), invalidCharactersLength + 2);
      this.invalidCharacters[invalidCharactersLength] = '\r';
      this.invalidCharacters[invalidCharactersLength + 1] = '\n';
    }
    this.invalidCharacterPositions = new TreeSet<>();
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  @Override
  public boolean isValid(final CharSequence value, final ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
    if (value == null) {
      return true;
    } else {
      setInvalidCharacterPositions(value);
      return this.invalidCharacterPositions.isEmpty();
    }
  }

  private void setInvalidCharacterPositions(final CharSequence value) {
    this.invalidCharacterPositions = CharacterChecker.checkCharacters(String.valueOf(value), this.characterSet,
        this.invalidCharacters);
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  @Override
  public void modifyAttributes(final Map<String, Object> attributes, final Context context) {
    setInvalidCharacterPositions((CharSequence) context.getValidatedValue());
    if (!this.invalidCharacterPositions.isEmpty()) {
      attributes.put(MessageVariables.POSITIONS, StringUtils.join(this.invalidCharacterPositions, ", "));
    }
  }
}

请注意，我创建了一个自定义消息插值器，它允许检查将消息变量添加到给定的 Map。为此，我在消息插值器中创建了一个新的检查实例，并使用此接口调用它：

/**
 * Modifies attributes within a validation message.
 */
public interface MessageAttributeModifier {

  /**
   * Modifies the attributes within the validation message.
   * @param attributes The existing attributes, which can be modified; the attributes already contain the values from
   * the annotation and additionally also {@link MessageVariables#VALIDATED_VALUE}
   * @param context The validation context
   */
  public void modifyAttributes(Map<String, Object> attributes, final Context context);
}
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