3

我有以下 promela 代码:

chan level = [0] of {int};

proctype Sensor (chan levelChan) {
    int x;
    do
    :: true ->
            levelChan ? x;
            if 
            :: (x < 2) -> printf("low %d", x);
            :: (x > 8) -> printf("high %d", x);
            :: else -> printf("normal %d", x);
            fi
    od
}

init {
    run Sensor(level);  
    int lvl = 5;
    level ! lvl;
    lvl = 0;
    do 
    :: true ->
        level ! lvl; 
        lvl++;
        (lvl > 9) -> break;
    od
}

我期望将级别(0-9)信息发送到通道中,并根据该级别使传感器输出低|正常|高。它很简单。但是为什么 SPIN 一直说超时呢?

  0:    proc  - (:root:) creates proc  0 (:init:)
Starting Sensor with pid 1
  1:    proc  0 (:init:) creates proc  1 (Sensor)
  1:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:18 (state 1) [(run Sensor(level))]
  2:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:6 (state 11) [(1)]
  3:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:20 (state 2) [lvl = 5]
  4:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:20 (state 3) [level!lvl]
  4:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:8 (state 2)  [levelChan?x]
  5:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:9 (state 9)  [else]
  6:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:21 (state 4) [lvl = 0]
normal 5  8:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:12 (state 8) [printf('normal %d',x)]
  9:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:22 (state 10)    [(1)]
 12:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:6 (state 11) [(1)]
 13:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:24 (state 6) [level!lvl]
 13:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:8 (state 2)  [levelChan?x]
 14:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:9 (state 9)  [((x<2))]
low 0 15:   proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:10 (state 4) [printf('low %d',x)]
 17:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:25 (state 7) [lvl = (lvl+1)]
 19:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:6 (state 11) [(1)]
timeout
#processes: 2
 19:    proc  1 (Sensor) 1.pml:8 (state 2)
 19:    proc  0 (:init:) 1.pml:26 (state 8)
2 processes created

它似乎只做 1 次循环,为什么?

4

1 回答 1

3

进程的 do 循环中的语句按init顺序运行。

do 
:: true ->
    level ! lvl; 
    lvl++;
    (lvl > 9) -> break;
od

第一次运行 do 循环时,它将lvl通过level通道发送,增加lvl(所以现在是 1)然后测试(lvl > 9)。这是错误的,因此会阻塞并导致超时。

要在 do 循环中有多个选项,您需要::定义每个选项的开头:

do
 :: true ->
    level ! lvl; 
    lvl++;
 :: (lvl > 9) -> break;
od

但是,这仍然不会按预期执行。当lvl大于 9 时,do 循环的两个选项都有效,可以选择其中一个,因此当lvl > 9它可以选择继续lvl通过level通道发送并增加时,循环不一定会中断lvl

您需要对第一个 do 选项和第二个选项有一个条件:

do 
:: (lvl <= 9) ->
    level ! lvl; 
    lvl++;
:: (lvl > 9) -> break;
od

在这个例子中使用 for 循环语法可能会更好:

init {
  run Sensor(level);  
  int lvl = 5;
  level ! lvl;

  for (lvl : 0..9){
    level ! lvl; 
  }
}

注意,这个例子仍然会有一个由Sensor's do 循环引起的超时错误,当init进程完成Sensor时仍然会尝试从level通道中读取并超时。

于 2013-02-15T18:29:48.443 回答