17

首先,这是我的测试代码,我使用的是 python 3.2.x:

class account:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    class bank:
        def __init__(self):
            self.balance = 100000

        def balance(self):
            self.balance

        def whitdraw(self, amount):
            self.balance -= amount

        def deposit(self, amount):
            self.balance += amount

当我做:

a = account()
a.bank.balance

我希望得到返回的余额值,而不是得到函数“余额”,这是为什么呢?当我这样做时,它会返回余额值:

class bank:
    def __init__(self):
        self.balance = 100000

    def balance(self):
        self.balance

    def whitdraw(self, amount):
        self.balance -= amount

    def deposit(self, amount):
        self.balance += amount

a = bank()
a.balance

所以我想知道为什么会这样,如果有人能想出一种方法来给我嵌套版本中平衡的价值,那就太好了。

4

3 回答 3

31

我的代码版本,带有注释:

#
# 1. CamelCasing for classes
#
class Account:
    def __init__(self):
        # 2. to refer to the inner class, you must use self.Bank
        # 3. no need to use an inner class here
        self.bank = self.Bank()

    class Bank:
        def __init__(self):
            self.balance = 100000

        # 4. in your original code, you had a method with the same name as 
        #    the attribute you set in the constructor. That meant that the 
        #    method was replaced with a value every time the constructor was 
        #    called. No need for a method to do a simple attribute lookup. This
        #    is Python, not Java.

        def withdraw(self, amount):
            self.balance -= amount

        def deposit(self, amount):
            self.balance += amount

a = Account()
print(a.bank.balance)
于 2013-01-30T15:06:48.340 回答
9

有几个问题:

  1. 您正在balance为数据成员和函数使用名称。
  2. returnbalance().
  3. balance()对 的实例进行操作bank。: 中没有实例,a.bank.balance这里a.bank指的是内部类本身。
于 2013-01-30T14:39:01.950 回答
1

a.bank类(不是实例),因为您从未在a. 所以 ifa.bank是一个类,a.bank.balance是一个绑定到该类的方法。

但是,这有效:

class account:
    def __init__(self):
        self.bank = account.bank()

    class bank:
        def __init__(self):
            self.balance = 100000

        def whitdraw(self, amount):
            self.balance -= amount

        def deposit(self, amount):
            self.balance += amount

a = account()
print a.bank.balance

当然,当您展示没有嵌套类的工作代码时,它确实引出了一个问题,即为什么要为此使用嵌套类。我认为非嵌套版本要干净得多。

于 2013-01-30T14:40:44.957 回答